• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.488-494
• /
• 2013

A food allergy is an adverse health effect arising from a specific immune response that occurs reproducibly upon exposure to a given food. In those with food allergies that are thought to cause aggravation of eczema, food avoidance is important. The objective of this study was to research the nutritional status of patients with food allergies. A total of 225 subjects diagnosed with atopic dermatitis underwent a skin prick test as well as measurement of serum immunoglobulin E. Food challenge tests were conducted using seven food items: milk, eggs, wheat, soybeans, beef, pork, and chicken. At post-food challenge visits to the test clinic, participants completed a three-day dietary record, which included two week days and one weekend day, in order to evaluate energy intake and diet quality during the challenge. We analyzed nutrient intake based on differential food allergens. Subjects with a food allergy to milk showed lower intake of Ca, Zn, and vitamin B2, and subjects with a food allergy to egg showed lower intake of vitamin A, B1, B2, niacin, and cholesterol. Subjects with a food allergy to wheat and soybean showed lower intake of Ca, P, Fe, K, Zn, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and niacin; and subjects with a food allergy to beef, pork, and chicken showed lower intake of Fe and higher intake of K, vitamin A, B2. Subjects with atopic dermatitis were lacking in several nutrients, including vitamin A and vitamin C. A greater number of food allergies showed an association with a greater number of nutrient intake deficiencies. Allergen avoidance is the basic treatment for atopic dermatitis. However, when the allergen is food, excessive restriction can lead to nutrition deficiency. Findings of this study suggest the necessity for enhanced nutritional education in order to provide substitute foods for patients with food allergies who practice food restriction.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.216-219
• /
• 1997

Thirty day old rice seedlings, Ilpoom and Taeback variety, grown under deficient condition of several elements in nutrition solution of sand culture were exposed to 20Gy, 40Gy, 80Gy of gamma ray $(^{60}Co)$ to study the effect of their radiosensitivity. The results obtained are summarized as follows : Plant height and fresh weight of nutrient deficient rice plants were far less than those of control. The effect was different with nutrient element and rice variety, as show increasing effect of radiosensitivity in the Ilpoom variety was high in the Fe deficient whereas that of Taeback was high in the P deficient. Growth inhibition of rice plant irradiated with 20Gy was highly occurred in the Fe and Zn deficient plot in Ilpoom variety and P and Zn deficient plot in Taeback variety. In 80Gy irradiated group, radiosensitivity of rice plant was high in the P and Ca deficient plot of both Ilpoom and Taeback variety.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.372-386
• /
• 2000

This study was conducted to assess anthropemrtric, health status, nutritional status, and their correlations in 120 female college students in Kyunggido area. The questionnaires on general living habits, food habits and energy expenditure were used, and nutrient intakes were estimated by Convenience Method. Anthropometric measurement, blood pressure, hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(Hct) were also determined. The mean values for BMI, RBW, and blood pressure of the subjects were 20.4$\pm$2.4, 92.9$\pm$16.0% and 108.9/69.6mmHg, respectively. Estimation of body fat from two sites of skinfolds thickness(20.6$\pm$6.0%) and four sites of skinfolds thickness(20.1 $\pm$8.6%) was similar, but different from BIA method(23.9$\pm$3.9%). The subjects of 36.9% considered themselves healthy, and 15.4% of them considered themselves not healthy. The mean values for Hb and Hct were 13.4$\pm$ 1.6g/dl, and 41.5$\pm$0.4%, respectively. The prevalence rates of iron deficiency assessed by Hb and Hct were found to be 19.8% and 6.3%, accordingly. The mean energy intake of subjects was 1,841 kcal. The proportion of energy derived from carbohydrates, protein and fat was 64.9%, 14.7%, and 20.4%, respectively As nutrient intake was compared to RDA for Koreans, intakes of energy, calcium, iron, and vitamin A fell short of recommendations. Intakes of energy, fat, iron, vitamin B$_2$, and niacin were positively correlated with total energy expenditure. These results suggest that appropriate reference data are important to maintain the health of female college students.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.2 no.5
• /
• pp.701-710
• /
• 1997

this study was undertaken to compare the riboflavin status of rural women with different physical activity intensity and to determine factors influencing biochemical fiboflavin status. The study was carried out over three different farming seasons : planting (June), harvest(October) and interim(February) in two rural regions of Korea. One was a traditional farming region, the other a commercial farming region with heavier work intensity. Twenty women in the traditional region and eighteen women in the commercial region were involved. The intensity of physical activity was determined by a daily activity record. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedence. Dietary riboflavin intake was measured by the food frequency method. Riboflavin biochemical status was assessed by erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient (EGR AC) and ruinary riboflavin excretion. The results from the EGR AC and urinary riboflavin excretion during the period showed the overall riboflavin status of the commercial farming women was significantly worse than that of the traditional farming women(EGR AC p<0.0001, urinary riboflavin excretion p<0.05). The traditional farming group had about 40% with risk of riboflavin deficiency, whereas the commercial farming group had about 70%. Overall mean nutrient intake was not significantly different between the two groups, however, overall mean percent lean body mass representing long term physical activity was significantly higher in the commercial farming group ( <0.005). It appears that the biochemical riboflavin status of traditional farming women was significantly influenced by riboflavin intake and crude nitrogen balance while the biochemical riboflavin status of the commercial farming women was significantly influenced by riboflavin intake and percent of lean body mass over the three seasons. (Korean J Community Nutrition 2(5) : 701∼710, 1997)

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.556-564
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to assess the iron nutritional status of college women residing in the Kyungin area. The anthropometric parameters, nutrient intake, and biochemical status of iron were measured for 102 college women. The mean height and weight were 160.3cm and 52.4kg, respectively. The proportion of subjects whose BMI was less than 20 was 41.3%. The proportion of subjects assessed as overweight(25$\geq$25%) assessed by the fat percent(FP) was 53.9%. The mean daily intake of iron was 13.90mg(77.1% of RDA), composed of 0.97mg of heme iron and 12.44mg(69.0% of RDA). When the sources of iron were grouped as rice(including bread), noodle, soup, side dish, and snack, noodle provided, 3.95mg of iron regarded as the highest amount. Subjects were taking 6.72mg(51.4% of RDA) of iron per day from main dishes(rice, bread and noodle). The fifty five percent of the subjects showed iron depletion(serum femitin<20ng/ml)and 33.4% showed suppressed erythropoiesis with iron deficiency(serum ferritin<10ng/ml). The anemic subjects assessed with transferrin saturation (<15%) represented 33.3% of the test population, whereas 11.8% of the subjects possessed less than 12g/dl of hemoglobin. Subjects not satisfied with their body shape were having significantly lower amount of energy intake(p<0.05) than the subjects satisfied with their body shape. College women having mothers who graduated from university had a significantly decreased amount of energy, carbohydrates, fat and vitamin C(p<0.05). The mean RBC and serum iron of the subjects who were on a diet more than one month were lower than those of the subjects who were not on a diet(p<0.05).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.35 no.10
• /
• pp.1053-1059
• /
• 2002

In post-genome period, the technique for identifying gene expression has been changed to high throughput screening. In the field of molecular nutrition, the need for this technique to clarify molecular function of the specific nutrient is essential. In this study, we have tested the zinc-regulated gene expression in zinc-deficient U937 cells, using cDNA microarray which is the cutting-edge technique to screen large numbers of gene expression simultaneously. The study result can be used for the preliminary gene screening data for clarifying, using monocyte U937 cell line, molecular Zn aspect in atherosclerosis. U937 cells were cultured in Zn-adequate (control, 12 $\mu$M Zn) or Zn-deficient (experimental, 0 $\mu$M Zn) ESMI media during 2 days, respectively. Cells were harvested and RNA was extracted. Total RNA was reverse-transcriptinized and synthesized cDNA probe labeled with Cy-3. fluorescent labeled cDNA probe was applied to microarray slide for hybridization slide, and after then, the slide was scanned using fluorescence scanner. ‘Highly expressed genes’ in Zn-deficient U937 cells, comparing to Zn-adequate group, are mainly about the genes for motility protein, immune system protein, oncogene and tumor suppressor and ‘Less highly expressed genes’ are about the genes for transcription, apoptosis associated protein, cell cycle, and several basic transcription factors. The results of this preliminary study imply the effectiveness of cDNA microarray for expression profiling of a singly nutrient deficiency, specially Zn. Furthur study, using tailored-cDNA array and capillary endothelial cell lines, would be beneficial to clarify molecular Zn function, more in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.433-439
• /
• 1991

This nutritional survey was conducted from September 15 to 21, 1990, in order to investigate the nutritional status of housewives living in Andong city, rural area of Korea. The subjects of this survey were 222 rural housewives living in Andong area. The results were summarized as follows ; The daily food intake was 1133.1g and that of animal foods was 131.5g. The average intake of nutrients was above the RDA. Total calorie intake was 2123.7kcal. Perentages of energy from carbohydrate, protein and fat were 64.4, 18.1 and 17.5 respectively. The predicted percentages of deficiency was 19.8% in calorie, 10.0% in protein, 14.0% in Ca and 25.2% in Fe of total subjects. The correlation between the income level, food expenditure and protein intake was significant.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.128-136
• /
• 2005

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of calcium concentrations in fertilizer solution on growth and cut flower quality of chrysanthemum 'Biarritz' To achieve this, deficiency symptom and growth characteristics as influenced by controlled Ca concentrations in fertilizer solution were investigated. The analysis of plant tissue and soil solution of root media were also conducted to secure optimum concentration for plant growth. Calcium deficiency developed on the very youngest leaves and the young leaves developed 'cupped' shape as they expand. The cut flower length of 0, 3.0 and 6.0 mM treatments were 105.8, 106.5, and 107.3cm, respectively. Elevated Ca concentration within the range from 0 to 6.0mM in fertilizer solution increased cut flower weight. The cut flower weight of control and 6.0mM treatment were 51.6 and 59.4 g, respectively. The tissue Ca content of 6.0mM treatment in which crops showed the highest growth among treatments was $3.09\%$ based on the dry weight of the youngest fully expanded leaves. From the results, it seems necessary to maintaining tissue Ca content higher than $2.8\%$. Soil Ca concentrations increased as K concentrations in fertilizer solution were elevated. Ca concentration in 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0mM treatments were 5.0, 7.4, 12.1, 16.5 and $28.2mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively, at harvesting stage. It is suggested that Ca concentration higher than $25.4mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in soil solution of root media is required to maintain normal growth.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.33 no.7
• /
• pp.574-585
• /
• 2023

Sarcopenia is a leading cause of increased medical and nursing care costs among the elderly. In Korea, preventive measures for sarcopenia are mostly targeted toward the general elderly population without specific diseases. However, it is also necessary to implement measures for elderly individuals living in nursing homes and hospitals, where the prevalence of sarcopenia is high. Currently, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging are considered standard diagnostic tools. However, their complexity and time-consuming nature make them unsuitable for clinical use. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of sarcopenia are unclear, as they involve various molecular biological pathways, including decreased exercise, protein and nutrient intake, changes in testosterone and growth hormone, and inflammation. Sarcopenia symptoms can lead to several diseases, such as osteoporosis, fractures, dementia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin B deficiency is a significant factor in sarcopenia induction, with B vitamins being directly involved in energy and protein metabolism and nerve function. Vitamin B deficiency can lead to neuromuscular and neurogenic disorders, which often overlap with sarcopenia. Suboptimal intake of B vitamins, malabsorption, and anorexia are common among the elderly. This study aims to provide information on the role of water-soluble B vitamins in preventing and controlling muscle mass loss and deterioration among the elderly with sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the potential of myokines from the B vitamin family in modulating sarcopenia.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.335-344
• /
• 2015

Purpose: Soybean growth is adversely affected by environmental stresses such as drought, extreme temperatures, and nutrient deficiency. The objective of this study was to develop a method for rapid measurement of drought stress in soybean plants using a hyperspectral fluorescence imaging technique. Methods: Hyperspectral fluorescence images were obtained using UV-A light with 365 nm excitation. Two soybean cultivars under drought stress were analyzed. A partial least square regression (PLSR) model was used to predict drought stress in soybeans. Results: Partial least square (PLS) images were obtained for the two soybean cultivars using the results of the developed model during the period of drought stress treatment. Analysis of the PLS images showed that the accuracy of drought stress discrimination in the two cultivars was 0.973 for an 8-day treatment group and 0.969 for a 6-day treatment group. Conclusions: These results validate the use of hyperspectral fluorescence images for assessing drought stress in soybeans.