• Membrane Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.241-248
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• 2010

The effect of organic material loadings on nutrient removal characteristics were investigated in sequencing batch reactor, in which a flat sheet type microfiltration membrane with a pore size of $0.4\;{\mu}m$ was submerged. Three organic concentrations of 200 mg/L (Run-1), 400 mg/L (Run-2) and 800 mg/L (Run-3) were carried out continuously to identify their effect on the filtration performance and nutrient removal. The removal efficiencies of T-N and T-P were increased with the increase of COD/N and COD/P. The T-N removal efficiencies of Run-1, Run-2 and Run-3 were 28.1, 32.6 and 90.4%, the average concentrations of T-N in permeate were 32.0, 30.0, and 4.3 mg/L, respectively. The T-P removal efficiencies of Run-1, Run-2 and Run-3 were 13.6, 35.3 and 93.1%, the average concentrations of T-P in permeate were 3.11, 2.33, and 0.25 mg/L, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.232-237
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• 2015

The present study investigated the effects of Lysophospholipid (LPLs, LIPIDOL$^{TM}$) on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of Hanwoo heifers. A feeding trial was performed for 120 days until slaughter using a herd of 24 Hanwoo heifers. Eight heifers were assigned to each of 3 experimental groups (control, 0.3% LIPIDOL$^{TM}$ and 0.5% LIPIDOL$^{TM}$). Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics were investigated. Significantly improved nutrient digestibility was found in the LIPIDOL$^{TM}$ treatment group compared to the control (p<0.05). No significant effect by LIPIDOL$^{TM}$ supplementation on growth performance was observed (p>0.05). However, interestingly, greater carcass weight was detected in the treatment of LIPIDOL$^{TM}$ where less daily gain was found. Although not a significant effect, greatly decreased back-fat thickness and increased loin area were detected in the treatment of LIPIDOL$^{TM}$. In meat characteristics, LIPIDOL$^{TM}$ increased intramuscular fat and tenderness. Therefore, the present study results suggest that the inclusion of LIPIDOL$^{TM}$ in the diet of Hanwoo heifers can improve carcass performance and meat quality by increasing the carcass index and the meat quality index. The results also suggest that a level of 0.3% might be more efficient than 0.5% with regard to economic effectiveness.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.500-511
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the anthropometric data, bone density, serum profiles, nutrient intakes and diet quality of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. For the study, we obtained data for analysis from the combined 2008~2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The height and weight were 157.8 cm and 58.7 kg in premenopausal women and 155.5 cm and 58.3 kg in postmenopausal women, respectively. The obesity rate was 27.49% in premenopausal women and 34.98% in postmenopausal women (p<0.001). Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase in postmenopausal women were significantly higher than those in premenopausal women (p<0.001). The prevalence of osteoporosis was 0.0~0.89% in premenopausal women and 0.48~13.22% in postmenopausal women (p<0.001). In postmenopausal women, rates of hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, depression, and diabetes were significantly higher than those in premenopausal women. Water, fat. ash, sodium, retinol, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin intakes in premenopausal women were significantly higher than those in postmenopausal women. Water, fiber, Ca, and, K intakes were below KDRIs (Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans) in both groups. The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of premenopausal women was higher than that of postmenopausal women (p<0.001). The index of nutritional quality (INQ) in premenopausal women was also higher than that of postmenopausal women except iron and vitamin C. Therefore dietary guidelines and an education program should be developed for desirable improvement of health, bone density, nutrient status and dietary quality of postmenopausal women.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.112-124
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• 2024

This study investigated the factors associated with HINT-8 (Korean health-related quality of life instrument with eight items), including health habits, hand grip strength, chronic disease, chewing function, mental health, and nutrient intake. In this study, the health-related quality of life (HRQoL; HINT-8) was assessed using the data from the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII) among Koreans aged over 65, with HINT-8 being evaluated based on the general characteristics. Of the participants from KNHANES VIII, 1,455 subjects were analyzed using SPSS statistics complex samples (Windows ver. 27.0). The HINT-8 score was significantly lower in females and in those aged 75 years or older, lowest educational level, lowest income level, and single households. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted for the general characteristics, revealed a significant association between a lower HINT-8 group and various factors: low aerobic physical activity (OR=1.71, 95% CI=1.25~2.35), low hand grip strength (OR=1.34, 95% CI=1.02~1.78), chewing difficulties (OR=2.17, 95% CI=1.62~2.92), poor self-rated health status (OR=6.11, 95% CI=4.42~8.45), stressful mental status (OR=3.57, 95% CI=2.27~5.63) and poor calcium status (OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.11~1.88). On the other hand, this study could not reveal a significant association between a lower HINT-8 group and factors such as smoking, drinking, chronic disease, and nutrient intake status, except for calcium intake. This study suggests that HINT-8 is associated with aerobic physical activity, hand grip strength, chewing function, mental health, and calcium intake, but not with smoking, drinking, chronic disease, and nutrient intake.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 2020

Livestock facilities in Korea are on their way of enlargement resulting in increment of livestock manure. When the livestock manure treated inappropriate way during application to the agricultural area, environmental damage can be occurred such as bad smell, water and air pollution. Therefore it is important to make a good management plan for livestock manure treatment. In order to effectively apply organic fertilizer made by livestock manure in terms of quantity and quality, the current status of nutrient in agricultural land should be calculated quantitatively by scientific way. The OECD suggest member countries to calculate the nutrient balance as an agricultural environment indicator which represents the difference between nutrient inputs and outputs of the amount of nutrients in various ways. In this paper, we calculated the nutrient balances according to three cities which have different characteristics such as urban or rural areas. To reduce the nutrient balance, we considered how to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer by using organic fertilizer made by livestock manure. And public treatment facilities for livestock manure can be a good solution except civil complaints for location selection. Among the options, manure fertilizer application to the agricultural area for cultivation of forage crops was mainly considered to reduce the nutrient balance by decreasing input of chemical fertilizers and increasing output of crop production. Using the field monitoring data, it can be calculated that the daily nitrogen reductions by 116.5 kg/ha and the daily phosphorus increments by 2.7 kg/ha.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.173-193
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• 2022

Dissolved nutrients in seawater are a key variable for understanding the role of the ocean in controlling atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is a major cause of global warming. In order to continuously monitor changes in the marine environment in the waters around the Korean Peninsula, dissolved nutrient data are being measured through regular observations by national institutions and various research projects. To increase the utilization of these data, the Jurisdictional Ocean Information Sharing System (JOISS), which integrates data from each institution, was established. In this study, for the dissolved nutrient data of JOISS, primary quality control was performed using the regional dissolved nutrient concentration range in the waters around the Korean Peninsula, and the correlation between the dissolved nutrient and other oceanographic characteristics or the correlation within dissolved nutrient components. Providing the quality control flags of regional range and primary quality control may increase the reliability of JOISS dissolved nutrient data and promote the utilization of dissolved nutrient data in JOISS. In addition, we proposed a secondary quality control method essential for improving the international comparability of JOISS dissolved nutrients.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.353-358
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• 1998

GRASS-AGNPS model integrated with GIS was applied to rural watersheds having complex land use characteristics and evaluated for its applicability through calibration using observed data. The analyses of raster encoding accuracy and model behavior to runoff, sediment yields and nutrient loads for different cell-size showed that 150 m cell size indicated reasonable applicability of the model. Simulated runoff was in a good agreement with the observed data and simulated peak runoff rate was larger than the observed data. The sediment yield simulated by modified AGNPS model using irregular cell for forest area were less than that of the regular cell method. In predicting sediment yields, the result showed a different trend at each representative rural watershed. Nutrient loads simulated by the model were significantly different from the observed data.

• KCID journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2011

This study was carried out to analyze characteristics of water quality and correlation among water quality parameters in Idong reservoir used for agricultural water. The pH and concentrations of DO, SS, BOD, COD, TP, Chl-a in Idong reservoir almost met the water quality standards for agricultural water, but TN concentration exceeded the water quality standards for agricultural water. All of water quality items had no significant difference between horizontal points at 95% confidence level and the Idong reservoir was possible to be treated as the single water body. As NIP ratio of the Idong reservoir is 52, TP is a limiting nutrient salt. As TN exceeds the water quality standards, it is required to preserve TP below current state to prevent water bloom by eutrophication. Therefore, reduction of phosphorus from the watershed is necessary for controlling the eutrophication of Idong reservoir.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 1998

The root-zone environment is an important factor to the plant growth and it is closely related to the thermal characteristics of the root media. In this study thermal characteristics of root media with ambient environmental conditions were analyzed. The temperatures of nutrient solution as well as inside air of culture bed were measured in Nutrient Film Technique(NFT) and Deep Flow Technique(DFT) systems, and also the temperatures of root media measured in aggregate culture systems , The temperature of nutrient solution of NFT system with as low as 3$\ell$/min of flow rate was 3$^{\circ}C$ higher than that with 5 $\ell$/min of flow rate in the daytime, and the temperature of inside air was 2$^{\circ}C$ higher at night. And the temperature of nutrient solution of DFT system with as low as 0.8 cm of water level was 1-2$^{\circ}C$ higher than that with 1 8 cm in the daytime, and the temperature of inside air was almost same at night. The root-zone temperatures in the perlite and rockwool granulate systems with film mulching were 3$^{\circ}C$ higher than those without film mulching in the daytime. However, the rockwool slab system with film mulching showed the same trend as rockwool granulate system, but relatively higher temperature than any other medium because of the exposure of media surface to the ambient air. Additionally the temperature below the plant was measured 3$^{\circ}C$ lower than that between plants.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.686-693
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• 2012

To develop a technique for mass-propagation of virus-free sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] plant using nutrient film technique (NFT), the growth characteristics of 4 cultivars as affected by nutrient solution composition and cutting size were investigated. 72 cells (35 mL/cell) plug trays filled with vermiculite and perlite (1:1, v/v) were used. Vine length, fresh and dry weights of virus-free plants were the greatest in the nutrient solution recommended by National Horticultural Research Station in Japan, followed by that recommended by National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science in Korea, and Yamazaki's nutrient solution for lettuce. The growth of uppershoot cuttings was the best among 4 subsections of cutting. Vine length, and fresh and dry weights increased in the longer cutting treatments, and were better in 'Shinzami' and 'Yeonhwangmi' than those in 'Mannami' and 'Shincheonmi'. Vine diameter and length of the longest root were not significantly affected by the cutting size and cutting source. The growth characteristics of the single node cutting were not significantly different from those in 2-node cutting. The efficiency of rapid mass-propagation could be promoted with single node cuttings and uppershoot cuttings grown in NFT system.