• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2003년도 학술.기술논문발표회
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• pp.31-34
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• 2003

Sandwich panel is composed of the facing sheets which support the external load, the cellular core with the low thermal conductivity and the adhesive agent to bond them. The cellular core was produced by binding lightweight cellular aggregates with cement and two types of acrylic base St/BA emulsion were added with a view to improving the workability ion due to high absorption of light weight aggregate and to develope more strength, respectively. This investigation is to comprehend the effect of the addition of two types of St/BA on thermal conductivity, calorific value and exhaustion content of noxious gas in addition re compressive and flexural strength. Flexural strength of the specimen made with St/BA-2 ranged 20kgf/cm2 to 25kgf/cm2 and was about 50% to 100% as high as that of the non-fiber specimen. Thermal conductivity was recorded from 2.0 to 3.0 kcal/mh$^{\circ}C$ and calorific value of St/BA modified specimen was much lower than that of commercial sandwich panel core of EPS and urethane. Careful caution has to be taken because generation of noxious gas such as CO, NO and SO2 tend to increase with addition of polymer cement ratio.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국에너지공학회 2007년도 추계학술 발표회
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• pp.201-206
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• 2007

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2000

쿠션제조용; 마네킹 제조용 및 건축내장재용 폴리우레탄 봄의 열적특성을 조사하기 위하여 시차주사열량계(DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimeter) 및 열중량 분석기(TGA, Thermogravimetric Analysis)를 이용하여 온도에 따른 발열개시온도, 무게감량 등을 조사하였으며, 발화온도 측정방법 중 정온법을 이용하여 각 폴리우레탄 폼의 발화온도를 조사하였다. 이로부터 각 폴리우레탄 폼의 연소 조건에 따라 발생할 수 있는 유독성 가스를 가스분석기와 가스텍을 이용하여 조사하였다. 연구결과 시제품인 건축내장재용 폴리우레탄 폼의 분해개시온도가 다소 낮으며, 분해열이 매우 크게 나타났다. 발화온도는 $420^{\circ}$였다. 연소 시험시 $420^{\circ}$까지 무염연소의 형태를 가졌으며, $500^{\circ}$에서 유임연소가 발생하였다. 연소형태에 관계없이 연소온도의 증가에 따라 일산화탄소, 이산화탄소의 농도는 증가하였고, 유염연소를 나타내는 $500^{\circ}$에서 질소산화물이 10 ppm 이상 관찰되었다. 한편 유독성이 매우 강한 HCN의 경우 온도의 증가에 따라 크게 증가하였다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2003년도 춘계전력전자학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.260-263
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• 2003

When ICP(Inductive Coupled Plasma type etching and wafer manufacturing is being processed in semiconductor process, a noxious gas in PFC and CFC system is generated. Gas cleaning dry scrubber is to remove this noxious gas. This paper describes a power source device, 2MHz switching frequency class 2kW RF Generator, used as a main power source of the gas cleaning dry scrubber. The power stage of DC/DC converter is consist of full bridge type converter with 100kHz switching frequency Power amplifier is push pull type inverter with 2MHz switching frequency, and transmission line transformer. The adequacy of the circuit type and the reliability of generating plasma in various load conditions are verified through 50$\Omega$ dummy load and chamber experiments result.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.696-706
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• 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Silybum marianum seed (SMS) extract on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal noxious gas emission, and hematology parameters in weaned piglets. A total of 120, 21-day-old weaned piglets ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) were randomly assigned to 3 groups based on the average initial body weight (6.46 ± 0.45 kg). There were 8 replicate pens per treatment and 5 pigs (mixed sex) per pen. The experimental period was 42 days. Dietary groups included a basal diet, and a basal diet supplemented with 0.05% or 0.10% SMS extract. Feeding weaned piglets with SMS extract containing diet significantly increased average daily gain and average daily feed intake. Additionally, the supplementation of SMS extract had no significant effects on nutrient digestibility, serum hematology, and fecal noxious gas emission parameters. We considered that the supplementation of SMS extract had positive effects on the voluntary feed intake in weaned piglets, thus improving growth performance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1742-1747
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• 2012

A total of 96 growing pigs ((Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire)${\times}$Duroc; BW = $26.58{\pm}1.41$ kg) were used in a 6-wk feeding trail to evaluate the effects of fermented chlorella (FC) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, fecal microbial and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. Pigs were randomly allotted into 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 6 replicate pens (2 barrows and 2 gilts) per treatment. Dietary treatments were: i) negative control (NC), basal diet (without antibiotics); ii) positive control (PC), NC+0.05% tylosin; iii) (fermented chlorella 01) FC01, NC+0.1% FC, and iv) fermented chlorella 02 (FC02), NC+0.2% FC. In this study, feeding pigs PC or FC01 diets led to a higher average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter (DM) digestibility than those fed NC diet (p<0.05), whereas the inclusion of FC02 diet did not affect the ADG and DM compared with the NC group. No difference (p>0.05) was observed on the body weight, average daily feed intake (ADFI), gain:feed (G:F) ratio, the apparent total tract digestibility of N and energy throughout the experiment. The inclusion of PC or FC did not affect the blood characteristics (p>0.05). Moreover, dietary FC treatment led to a higher (p<0.05) lactobacillus concentration and lower E. coli concentration than the NC treatment, whereas the antibiotic supplementation only decreased the E. coli concentration. Pigs fed FC or PC diet had reduced (p<0.05) fecal $NH_3$ and $H_2S$ content compared with those fed NC diet. In conclusion, our results indicated that the inclusion of FC01 treatment could improve the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbial shedding (lower E. coli and higher lactobacillus), and decrease the fecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs when compared with the group fed the basal diet. In conclusion, dietary FC could be considered as a good source of supplementation in growing pigs because of its growth promoting effect.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1464-1468
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of dietary complex probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, $1.0{\times}10^7$ CFU/g; Saccharomyces cerevisae, $4.3{\times}10^6$ CFU/g; Bacillus subtilis $2.0{\times}10^6$ CFU/g) on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. Ninety [(Duroc${\times}$Yorkshire)${\times}$Landrace] pigs with the average initial BW of 39.75${\pm}$1.97 kg were allocated into three treatments by a randomized complete block design. There were five pens per treatment with six pigs per pen. Dietary treatments include: 1) CON (basal diet); 2) CP1 (basal diet+complex probiotic 0.1%) and 3) CP2 (basal diet+complex probiotic 0.2%). During the entire experimental period of 6 weeks, results showed that addition of complex probiotic at the level of 0.2% to diet increased ADG significantly (p<0.05). Also, digestibilities of DM and N tended to increase, however, no significant differences were observed (p>0.05). Blood characteristics (IgG, Albumin, total protein, RBC, WBC and lymphocyte) of pigs were not affected (p>0.05) by complex probiotic supplementation. Fecal $NH_3$-N was decreased (11.8%) significantly by the addition of complex probiotic (p<0.05), but no effects were observed on fecal acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations (p>0.05). In conclusion, results in this experiment indicated that dietary complex probiotic supplementation had a positive effect on growing pigs performance and could decrease fecal $NH_3$-N concentration.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.235-243
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• 2017

A total of 112 crossbred pigs [(Yorkshire ${\times}$ Landrace) ${\times}$ Duroc] with an average body weight (BW) of $27.98{\pm}1.28kg$ were used to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with rapeseed meal (RSM) as a source of protein on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and fecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs. The pigs were blocked and stratified based on BW into one of four dietary treatments in a 6-week trial. Each treatment consisted of 7 replicate pens with 4 pigs per pen (2 barrows and 2 gilts). Treatments were 1) maize-SBM based diet, 2) diet containing 2% RSM, 3) diet containing 4% RSM, and 4) diet containing 6% RSM. Supplementation with RSM resulted in no differences in growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and noxious gas emission, as compared with SBM supplementation during the experimental period (p > 0.05). Pigs fed with increased dietary RSM (0, 2, 4, and 6% of feed) had linear decreases in average daily gain (ADG) (p = 0.010) and nitrogen digestibility (p = 0.036) and a linear increase in blood creatinine concentration. In conclusion, RSM fed pigs had no detrimental effects on their growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and fecal noxious gas emissions, as compared with SBM fed pigs. Thus, RSM is a good alternative to SBM as a protein source in growing pigs' diets.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.406-411
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding probiotic (Enterococcus faecium SF68, EF) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and faecal noxious gas content in finishing pigs. A total of eighty [($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$)${\times}Duroc$] pigs with an initial BW of $50.47{\pm}2.13kg$ were used in this 8-week experiment. Pigs were allotted to four treatments (4 replicates per treatment and 5 pigs per pen) according to a randomized complete block design. Dietary treatments were: 1) CON (control; basal diet), 2) CTC (control diet+0.1% antibiotic, chlortetracycline), 3) EF1 (control diet+0.1% probiotic, EF) and 4) EF2 (control diet+0.2% probiotic, EF). During weeks 0-4, ADG was not affected by the addition of antibiotic or EF (p>0.05). In weeks 4-8, ADG tended to increase in CTC and EF treatments compared to CON treatment (p<0.10). ADFI and gain/feed were not affected in each 4-week period and the entire experimental period (p>0.05). Digestibilities of DM and N were higher in EF supplemented treatments than in CON and CTC treatments (p<0.05). Blood characteristics of WBC, RBC and lymphocyte were not affected in pigs given diets containing EF (p>0.05). Supplementation of EF in the diet decreased faecal ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3$-N) and hydrogen sulphide ($H_2S$) concentrations (p<0.05). Faecal acetic acid concentration tended to decrease (p<0.10) while propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations were significantly lower on diets with EF supplementation than on the diet containing antibiotic (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of EF can increase nutrient digestibility and decrease faecal $NH_3$-N, $H_2S$ and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in finishing pigs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2024

This study was done to investigate the effects of the incorporation of Achyranthes japonica extracts (AJE) in diet on the production parameters of growing pigs. Exp 1: Total, 105 crossbred pigs (average body weight: 24.47 ± 2.46 kg) were used in a 6-week feeding trial. Pigs (seven replicates, five pigs per pen) were allotted randomly to three treatments. Dietary treatments: CON (basal diet); basal diet with 0.025% AJE, and basal diet + 0.050% AJE). Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbial count, and fecal noxious gas were assessed in this study. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain to feed ratio (G:F) were not affected by the addition of up to 0.05% AJE. In the case of apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), and digestible energy (DE) were not changed in 3rd and 6th weeks of the feeding trial through the addition of AJE up to 0.05% in the growing pig diet. In microbial count, Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli count at 3rd and 6th week was similar in all the treatment diets. The inclusion of AJE at levels up to 0.05% in growing pig diet had no effect on the production of NH3, H2S, acetic acid, and CO₂ in the feces. After ending the Exp 1, a total of nine pigs were divided into three treatment groups. Treatment diets were included, TRT1, basal diet + powder quercetin 30 g; TRT2, basal diet + powder quercetin 150 g; TRT3, basal diet + powder quercetin 300g. Rate of absorption in blood was increased with the higher dose of quercetin. The results suggested incorporation of AJE up to 0.05% has no significant effect on ADG, ADFI, and G:F, as well as DM, N, and DE digestibility, fecal microbial count, and fecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs, even though no negative effect was found.