• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7753-7756
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• 2014

Incidence trends of head and neck cancer (HNC) have implications for screening strategies, disease management, guiding health policy making, and are needed to further oral cancer research. This paper aims to describe trends in age-adjusted HNC incidence rates focusing on changes across calendar period between 2007 and 2010 in Australian Northern Territory. Age-adjusted incidence rates of HNC were calculated for 2007-2010 using Northern Territory population based data assembled by Department of Health, Northern Territory Government of Australia. Changes in the HNC rate ratio (RR) and Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) between 2007-2008, 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 were calculated. A total of 171 HNC patients were recorded by the Northern Territory Department of Health during the time period between 2007 and 2010, out of which, 135 were males (78.9% of male HNC patients) and 36 were females (21.1% of female HNC patients). In conclusion, HNC incidence rate has decreased in the Northern Territory Australian males but remains unchanged in Australian females. High incidences of HNC may be associated with the high smoking rate and high alcohol consumption in the Northern Territory. Continued monitoring of trends in HNC incidence rates is crucial to inform Northern Territory based cancer prevention strategies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5621-5624
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• 2013

Mucosal head and neck cancers are squamous cell carcinomas that develop in the upper-aero digestive epithelium. Together they constitute the sixth most common cancer with an estimated 900,000 new cases and 350,000 deaths each year reported worldwide. The risk factors are tobacco, alcohol and human papillomavirus (HPV). Our research team initially reported a high incidence rate of HNC in the indigenous population of the Northern Territory. Mortality rates also vary in the Australian States and Territories, with particularly high mortality observed in the Northern Territory. There is a paucity of incidence studies of HNC for the Australian States and Territories. Therefore this review primarily focuses on variation in incidence and mortality iacross the country and highlights specifically the high incidence and mortality in the Northern Territory. Attention is also given to sex-specific incidence and mortality rates.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1999년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.296-296
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.641-646
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• 2015

Breast cancer (BC) is potentially a traumatic stressor which may be associated with negative outcomes, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or positive changes, such as post-traumatic growth (PTG). This study aims to identify the core issues of BC related PTSD, PTG and psychological distress by interrogating the literature in BC survivors. We have also highlighted issues related to the assessment, diagnosis and clinical management of PTSD and PTG. The authors systematically reviewed studies published from 1985 to 2014 pertaining to PTSD, psychological distress and PTG in BC survivors with particular attention paid to incidence rates and causative factors. Multiple studies intimated that women with BC have evidence of PTSD at the initial stages of diagnosis, whereas PTG develops once patients undergo treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment of PTSD/PTG is paramount from literature review but the previously mentioned relationship between PTSD and PTG in BC patients could not be verified. It is evident from the literature that a small percentage of BC patients experience PTSD, while the majority experience PTG after BC diagnosis and treatment. Future research should include prospective studies focusing on high-risk patients, causative factors and the development of psychological interventions.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.25-44
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• 2014

1909년 우리나라가 외교권을 잃은 상황에서 맺어진 일본과 중국의 간도 협약에 의해 간도가 불법으로 중국 영토에 편입되었음에도 불구하고 우리는 이렇다 할 조치도 취하지 못하고 있다. 그러나 역사적인 사실이나 간도에 산재해 있는 여러 가지 문화적인 측면에서 보면 간도가 우리 영토라는 것은 자명한 일이다. 하지만 중국은 동북공정을 비롯한 영토공정을 앞세워 간도가 우리 영토라는 사실을 왜곡하여 자신들의 영토로 만들기 위해 모든 수단을 동원하고 있다. 이미 의미가 없는 조약에 대해 왈가불가하는 것보다는 역사와 문화를 왜곡해서 자신들의 영토로 만들려는 속셈이다. 그런 중국의 속셈을 아는 이상 우리는 그에 대한 조치를 취해야 하고 그러기 위해서는 간도에 산재한 문화가 과연 누구의 문화인가 하는 근원을 밝히는 것이 중요하다. 문화주권 역시 영토에 관한 주권을 판단하는 요소 중 하나로서, 영토의 진짜 주인은 그 영토에 존재하는 문화를 향유한 민족이기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 간도에 있는 문화의 주인은, 고조선 이래 형성되어 현재까지 맥을 이어온 북방문화권의 주인인 우리 민족이라는 것을 밝힌다. 고대는 물론 근대의 봉금지역해제 이후 간도에 문화를 정착한 것이 바로 우리 민족이기 때문이다. 또한 간도 문화의 주인이 우리라는 것을 알기에 그 문화에 대해 왜곡을 일삼는 중국의 왜곡에 대응하기 위한 방안을 제시한다. 지나간 역사는 조작될 수 있지만 인간의 내면에 내재하면서 성숙하고, 밖으로 표출되어 형성된 문화는 왜곡할 수 없다. 아울러 중국이 자신들의 역사라고 하는 청나라 역사가 과연 중국의 역사인가를 재검토할 정책적 제안을 한다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.9-28
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• 1994

A collective theory is tried in analysis on the architectural history of Temple Gowoon in Gyongbook Province. For this purpose, firstly, the chronicle of construction was composed based on the critical study of the old documents. Secondly, the drawings of existing facilities were made after the field survey. And lastly, the collective theory was be able to extracted from the relation between chronicle and physical composion of the Temple Gowoon. The whole temple is composed of two territories, northern one and southern, which are divided by the central ravine. Northern territory was enlarged from Gukrakgeon's cluster through Myongboogeon's to Yeonsoogeon's. On the other hand, southern territory was reduced its position and its size from Daewoongeon's cluster, which was one of the main cluster, to Monigeon's, sub one. These processes were the results of the architectural adjustment, that is say, the dogmatic principles adapted in the topographical environments. The collective forms of clusters are different from each other. Gukrakgeon's cluster is composed of four buildings which enclose the empty inner court. Monigeon's is similar to the small temple type, Myongboogeon's selects the straggling form, and Yoensoogeon's has the type of Confucian shrine. The various types of clusters were the physical settings to symbolize the religious heirarchy of their buildigs. In the front of temple area, Gawoonloo, which located on the ravine and has a big volume, integrates straggling clusters.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.801-820
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• 2015

The seismic sequence which hit the Northern Italian territory in 2012 produced extensive damage to reinforced concrete (RC) precast buildings typically adopted as industrial facilities. The considered damaged buildings are constituted by one-storey precast structures with RC columns connected to the ground by means of isolated socket foundations. The roof structural layout is composed of pre-stressed RC beams supporting pre-stressed RC floor elements, both designed as simply supported beams. The observed damage pattern, already highlighted in previous earthquakes, is mainly related to insufficient connection strength and ductility or to the absence of mechanical devices, being the connections designed neglecting seismic loads or neglecting displacement and rotation compatibility between adjacent elements. Following the vulnerabilities emerged in past seismic events, the paper investigates the seismic performance of industrial facilities typical of the Italian territory. The European building code seismic assessment methodologies are presented and discussed, as well as the retrofit interventions required to achieve an appropriate level of seismic capacity. The assessment procedure and retrofit solutions are applied to a selected case study.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1985

RESULTS : Considering the archaeological evidences, it is velieved that the southern culture centered in KuSu and the Nothern Culture centered in the centeral Japan, specially at the estern Japan, existed together with the culture come through the southern regions and northern regions of Japanese Islands in Jomon Culture and Yayoi Culture period. As the center of territory moved from KuSu to GiNae in Tumulus Culture period, two-pieced style of the northern people who have already there became prevalent. The costume of Tumulus Culture period was developed from the coexistence f southern style and northern style to the merge of the two styles by the nomads come from Korean Peninsula. The riding costume was propagated by Koreans, and the style used in Korean Peninsula was more deeply influenced to the costume of the ruling class. The costume of Asuka Culture and MakuHo Culture period succeeds the costume of Tumulus Culture period without wide difference. But the costume of Korean Peninsula lied more deeply as the root of Japanese Costume. While the costume of the ruling class was changed into Tang's style, the costume of the masses was under the influence of the costume of Korean Peninsula. It became the base of current Japanese Folk Costume.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.4717-4721
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• 2013

Complete surgical resection of the primary tumour is a crucial predictive step for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), because incomplete resection may lead to increase in the recurrence rate. Molecular cancer markers have been investigated as potential predictors of prognosis marker, to identify patients who are at high risk of local recurrence. This retrospective study aimed to determine the prognostic correlation between p53 and eIF4E expression and clinical characteristics, recurrence and overall survival. Forty eight HNSCC patients were selected between 2006 and 2009 diagnosed at the Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Out of 48, only those 24 with negative surgical margins with hematoxylin and eosin (HandE) were chosedn for further analysis. A total of 77 surgical margins were obtained and subsequently analysed by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with monoclonal p53 and polyclonal eIF4E antibodies. Contingency table and ${\chi}^2$-test were used to investigate the correlation between p53 and eIF4E expression and clinical characteristics, recurrence and overall survival of the HNSCC patients. The follow up period was 74 months (range 1-74 months). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to generate recurrence and survival curves. This is a first retrospective study of Northern Territory patients, including Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Molecular study of surgical margins could help to identify patients with and without clear margins after surgery and help in choice of the most appropriate adjuvant treatment for HNSCC patients.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2015

극한지 천연가스 수송배관망의 기술개발은 동토지역의 특수성을 고려해야 하는 매우 흥미롭고 도전적인 분야로서 본 연구는 수송배관의 핵심기술을 파악하기 위하여 극한지 애로기술에 대한 문헌조사와 주요 영향인자를 파악하였다. 특히, 열유동 고려사항에 대한 문헌조사를 통하여 극한지 천연가스 수송배관망 유동확보기술을 개발하기 위한 이론적 접근 주제를 정할 수 있었고, 또한 이론 해석을 통한 기본적인 결과를 도출할 수 있었다.