• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.3-35
• /
• 2001

$\ulcorner$The South-North Joint Declaration$\lrcorner$ of June 15, 2000 made by President Kim Dae Jung and National Defense Committee Chairman Kim Jong Il will contribute to the activation of economic exchange between south and north Korea. To realize the fundamental spirit of the South-North Joint Declaration, the authorities concerned of south and north Korea have reached an agreement titled $\ulcorner$Agreement on Settlement Procedure of Commercial Disputes$\lrcorner$ last December. In this connection, a speedy and reasonable settlement of commercial disputes arising therefrom is becoming a problem of vital importance between south and north Korea. Also, south and north arbitral institutions have to consider a possible arbitration agreement carefully to solve the disputes systematically under the Agreement, which will serve as an example for similar arrangements and possible harmonization in East-West commercial relations. A variety of dispute settlements including friendly consultations, conciliation and arbitration will be used more frequently within the framework of the bilateral agreements of governmental or non-governmental level which have been concluded in the past between socialist and capitalistic economy countries. There is a growing tendency that East-West trade parties recognize and accept the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules in their contracts. So it is advisable to use the UNCITRAL Rules in arbitrations of south and north Korea in case that the interested parties fail to agree on applicable rules. Finally it should be noted that pre-arbitral settlement called ‘joint conciliation’ should be reflected in the settlement mechanism of commercial disputes between south and north Korean parties as proved to be successful between the U.S. and China trade in the past.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.95-106
• /
• 2003

This study attempts to identify the characteristics of the structure of mathematics textbooks of North Korean high schools. The previous researches on the mathematics textbooks of North Korea show that North Korean mathematics textbooks have a linear structure, which is different from a spiral structure of South Korean textbooks. However, this study found that the textbooks of North Korea published after 1994 indicate that some sections reveal a spiral structure. In addition, most sections of North Korean mathematics textbooks are collectively composed, particularly so in the section of algebra.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.147-165
• /
• 2008

Appointment of arbitrators is very important in arbitration. As it has been a long laps since Korean peninsula was devided into two parts, South and North, it has come to be too much gaps between South and North in the law, social system, commercial practice and etc.. South Korea is familar to international commercial practice and capitalistic legal system generalized internationally in modern times. On the other hand as North Korea was closed society for a long time, they are not familar to international commercial practice and market economy. In this connection, commercial disputes arising from the transactions between South and North will occur frequently and it will be very difficult to select governing law or commercial practice referred to the disputes. Under the circumstances, when and if an arbitrator from South or North will be appointed as presiding arbitrator in the tribunal composed by three arbitrators, the part from which the presiding arbitrator come will be a majority, and it will be advantageous to the parties came from the part of which the presiding arbitrator come from. Such being the case, sole arbitrator or presiding arbitrator needs to be appointed among foreigner. Otherwise I recommend the tribunal composed by two arbitrators and umpire system. As to arbitrator's fee, as there is a big gap in its economic aspects between South and North, I supposed to need establishing the fund made by corporation with South and North in order to compensate arbitrators from South or abroad for their fee. Finally it is more important to prevent disputes arising from transactions between South and North. In order to prevent the disputes, education for North Korean about international commercial practice and skill to make a contract of international sale of goods and investment are needed.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2022

This research investigates the accessibility of Korean modern values at screens from the perspectives of North American audiences while consuming Korean films and TV dramas. In order to decode Korean cultural values at screens, this study collects the data of 266 Korean films and TV dramas distributed in North America from IMDb platform, unlocking that the success of box office for Korean projects in North America is positively correlated with the characteristics of Violence & Gore and Profanity. Meanwhile, the audiences' positive responses to the violent project mainly depends on the degree of "Sex and Nudity", the plots of "social groups". The current success of Korean cultural and creative industry as well as the future global markets strengths are analyzed in this research. Stuart Hall's cultural studies approach and cultural psychological account theory are applied to discuss the success of Korean entertainment industry in the transnational cultural communication.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.403-414
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 텔레비전 뉴스 프로그램의 탈북민 관련 보도내용 분석을 통해 탈북민들에 대한 이미지가 언론에 의해 어떻게 형성되어지는지를 살펴보는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 탈북민 관련 텔레비전 뉴스가 주로 다루고 있는 보도 주제가 무엇인지, 탈북민 관련 뉴스에 등장하는 인물들이 어떤 이미지로 묘사되고 있는지, 그리고 탈북민 관련 텔레비전 뉴스가 어떤 뉴스 프레임을 주로 사용하고 있는지를 분석했다. 분석결과, 텔레비전 방송사들은 탈북민 관련 보도에서 북한정권에 대한 비판과 함께 남한 정부에 대한 긍정적인 이미지를 확산시키는 역할을 하고 있는 반면, 탈북민들이 겪고 있는 실제적인 문제들에 대해서는 많은 관심을 보이지 않고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구의 결과는 그동안 탈북민을 포함한 소수자 집단에 대한 언론의 보도태도를 분석한 다른 연구들의 결과와 유사한 것으로 소수자 집단에 대한 언론의 보도에서 소수자 집단은 자신들의 이해관계나 의사와 관계없이 그 사회의 지배적인 가치관과 생활방식에 의해 규정되어지고, 스스로의 목소리를 통해 말하기보다는 주류사회의 관점에 의해 말해지는 양상을 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.3-34
• /
• 2019

The resumption of economic cooperation between South and the North Korea will be a new growth engine for our economy. Many Korean companies are preparing to invest in North Korea in accordance with the progress of inter-Korean relations. However, there are many risks inherent in inter-Korean economic cooperation, as experienced in previous cases. Specifically, one should be prepared for unfair measures such as the expropriation of investment assets of South Korean enterprises by North Korea authorities. Therefore, it is essential to review the protection measures of investment in North Korea and to review the investment dispute settlement system. The South and the North have an agreement to establish the inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration Committee to resolve the disputes that may arise if one party's investments are lost due to inappropriate or unfair measures due to the other party's authority. However, the Investment Agreement, which governs the Inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration Committee, contains a number of declarative statements that are somewhat ineffective. Even today, nearly 20 years after the adoption of the Agreement, the specific detailed procedures have shown no real progress, such as in the enactment of arbitration rules. Therefore, at present, it is difficult to expect a system that can effectively address the damage of our corporations which have invested in North Korea. When the assets freeze after the suspension of Kumgang tourism and the closure of the Kaeseung Industrial Complex by North Korea, the activation of the inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration Committee is the most important prerequisite for economic cooperation with North Korea. For this purpose, the resolution of disputes through the Inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration Committee has to be made more concrete, with the effectiveness of the dispute settlement system enhanced by means of various efforts.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.53-83
• /
• 2023

The investment agreement prepared at the beginning of inter-Korean economic cooperation in 2000 can be evaluated as very ineffective as a product of mutual political and diplomatic compromise rather than an effective protection for our investment assets. South Korean companies suffered a lot of losses due to the freezing of assets in the Geumgang mountain district and the closure of the Kaeseung Industrial Complex, but they did not receive practical damage relief due to institutional vulnerabilities. Currently, North Korea is under international economic sanctions of the UN Security Council, so it is true that the resumption of inter-Korean economic cooperation is far away, but North Korea's human resources and geographical location are still attractive investment destinations for us. Therefore, if strained relations between the two Koreas recover in the future and international economic sanctions on North Korea are eased, Korean companies' investment in North Korea will resume. However, the previous inter-Korean investment agreement system was a fictional systemthat was ineffective. Therefore, if these safety devices are not reorganized when economic cooperation resumes, unfair damage to Korean companies will be repeated again. The core of the improved investment guarantee system is not a bilateral system between the two Koreas, but the establishment of a multilateral system through North Korea's inclusion in the international economy. Specifically, it includes encouraging North Korea to join international agreements for the execution of arbitration decisions, securing subrogation rights through membership of international insurance groups such as MIGA, creating matching funds by international financial organizations. Through this new approach, it will be possible to improve the safety of Korean companies' investment in North Korea, and ultimately, it will be necessary to lay the foundation for mutual development through economic cooperation between the two Koreas.

• STI Policy Review
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2011

During the 1990s, North Korea suffered from severe economic hardships in the aftermath of the collapse of the Soviet bloc and massive floods; North Korea is still has not escaped this suffering. South Korea has pursued various inter-Korean cooperation projects to help North Korea open and develop its economy; however, there are limited successful cases for improvement in North Korea. It is imperative to define a long-term strategy through analysis of key success factors for inter-Korean cooperation in order to develop more successful cases of inter-Korean cooperation; however, limited studies have been conducted to analyze successful inter-Korean cooperation projects. This study selects the "Seed Potato Project" (implemented by the World Vision) as a successful case to be analyzed and identifies key success factors for inter-Korean cooperation. As illustrated in previous studies, the results of the analysis of success factors of a "Seed Potato Project" from a trust-building perspective has revealed that this project follows key success factors like openness, integrity, consistency, and benevolence. In the last section of this report, this study also presents important policy implications to develop future successful cases for inter-Korean cooperation.

• 사회복지연구
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.81-106
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 고문을 경험한 북한이탈주민들을 대상으로 그들의 인구사회학적 요인, 정신건강·개인의 성격적 요인, 사회적·경제적 요인들이 고문으로 인한 외상 후 충격에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 밝혀 봄으로써 난민이주자를 접촉하는 정신건강전문가로서 인식해야할 치료적 요인들을 확인하고 실천적 기술을 제시하고자 하였다. 결과적으로 여성인 경우, 연령이 많을수록, 북한에 자녀가 있는 경우, 만성질병의 수가 증가할수록, 과거 북한이나 중국에서 결혼 경험이 있는 경우 고문으로 인한 외상 후 충격에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 우울, 반추, 자기효능감, 탄력성, 안정애착, 남한사람의 사회적 지지, 경제적 걱정이 고문으로 인한 외상 후 충격에 영향을 미치는 예측요인으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 정신건강전문가와 고문 외상을 경험한 북한이탈주민 클라이언트와의 치료적 관계 형성의 중요성과 치유과정을 함축적으로 제시하였다.

• 복식
• /
• 제5권
• /
• pp.237-246
• /
• 1981

This is a report of author's stay in the U.S. as an exchange scholar. During her stay from Dec. 1979 to Dec. 1980, she participated in costume studies at Pratt Institute, New York City and looked into materials of North Asian historical costumes. The author notes that the curriculum of costume studies in the U.S. place weight upon costume history, e.g., the master's program in costume studies of New York University requires 18 points in history courses out of 54 points required for the degree. The author also notes the leading role of the Costume Institute, the Metropolitan Museum of Arts in performing research works for the studies. As to the study of North Asian costumes, the author's work in the U.S. has been somewhat disappointing. She points out difficulties for a Korean researcher to access to basic materials which are scarce outside of China and Russia. She asserts, however, the comprehension of the history of North Asian costumes as a whole is essential to understand the characteristics of ancient Korean costumes. The author insists the costume history courses in Korean colleges are not appropriate as a apart of costume studies. Noting the costume education in the U.S. clearly aims at the training of costume professions, the author proposes the objective of costume education in Korea be redefined, and the teaching of "History of Korean Costumes" be reconstituted as to be suitable for it.