• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.67-79
• /
• 2016

This study aims to present the necessary elements that should be part of South Korea's National Defense Strategy against the recent North Korean cyber-attacks. The elements proposed in this study also reflect the recent trend of cyber-attack incidents that are happening in the Unites States and other countries and have been classified into the three levels of cyber incidents: cyberwarfare, cyberterrorism and cybercrime. As such, the elements proposed are presented in accordance with this classification system. In order to properly take into account the recent trend of cyber-attacks perpetrated by North Korea, this paper analyzed the characteristics of recent North Korean cyber-attacks as well as the countermeasures and responses of South Korea. Moreover, by making use of case studies of cyber-attack incidents by foreign nations that threaten national security, the response measures at a national level can be deduced and applied as in this study. Thus, the authors of this study hope that the newly proposed elements here within will help to strengthen the level of Korea's cyber security against foreign attacks, specifically that of North Korea such as the KHNP hacking incidents and so on. It is hoped that further damage such as leakage of confidential information, invasion of privacy and physical intimidation can be mitigated.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.255-267
• /
• 2019

This study was conducted to understand the dietary life of North Koreans by analyzing dietary life-related articles published in Joseon Nyeoseong, which is the only women's magazine in North Korea. This study employed content analysis of 769 articles from 1999 to 2017. The major findings of this study were as follows. Out of the 769 articles, 131 (17.0%) were about dietary culture, 541 (70.4%) were about the food and nutrition, and 97 (12.6%) were about food production. The articles emphasized ethnic food and North Koreans ingredients, spices, cooking methods, containers, and etiquette. A variety of foods and ingredients were used to maintain health, as well as to treat common illnesses and health problems. There were 173 recipes mentioned in the magazine, but no foreign food recipes. There were many dishes that could be preserved for a long time such as Kimchi and pickles. For food security, many vegetables and plant-eating animals such as rabbits were cultivated. Overall, the results indicate that North Korea has been maintaining its unique dietary life without being influenced by foreign countries.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.65-82
• /
• 2016

서울대학교 수우표본관에서 완성한 KPF(Korean Peninsula Flora Database) 데이터베이스에서는 1850년부터 1945년까지 한반도에서 채집된 65,000개의 관속식물의 기록물을 관리하고 있다. 이 중 북한에서 채집된 기록은 33,000개인데 이 중 13%에 해당되는 4,287개가 1909년부터 1942년에 걸쳐 5명의 일본인(노무라, 오쿠야마, 후루미, 이마이, 사이토)과 1명의 미국인(밀즈)에 의해 채집되었다. 코마로프(Komarov, V.L), 나카이(Nakai, T) 이후 3번째로 많은 북한에서 채집된 표본이다. 이런 채집과 관련된 보고서는 지명사전으로 기존에 일부 발표하였지만, 본 논문에서는 보다 더 자세한 일정과 채집물에 대해 기록하였다. 사이토가 가장 많은 1,730개 표본을 채집하였고 밀즈, 노무라, 오쿠야마, 후루미, 이마이 순서로 1,067, 532, 510, 368, 370개의 표본을 채집하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권
• /
• pp.79-95
• /
• 2003

To clarify the botanical origins of oriental medicines which have been argued or confused for plant origins, species of original plants were investigated through the textural research for oriental medicines and the comparison of Chinese, Korean, Japanese and North Korean Pharmacopoeia. Twenty oriental medicines were studied; Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Rhei Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, Acanthopanacis Cortex, Osterici Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Saposhnikovae Radix, Magnoliae Cortex, Paeoniae Radix, Liriopis Tuber, Zanthoxyli Fructus, Achyranthis Radix, Sinomeni Caulis et Rhizoma, Polygonati Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex, Visci Herba et Loranthi Ramulus, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus, Pogostemonis Herba, and Curcumae Longae Radix.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.363-386
• /
• 2007

Endemic element of the Russian Far East (RFE) flora includes 497 species of 150 genera and 46 families. The level of endemism in structure of regional natural flora reaches 11.1% as a whole, and in structure of its native fraction - 13.1%. As a result of chorologic and ecocenotic analysis of RFE flora endemic element it is revealed that it consists of 8 main geographical groups and 7 main floristic complexes. The largest number of endemic species is concentrated in Arctic - Alpine & Montane (140, 28.2%), Forest (107, 21.5%) and Maritime (88, 17.7%) floristic complexes as well as in Russian Far East - West-Pacific (136, 27.4%), Japan Sea (88, 17.7%) and North-East-Asian - Beringian (69, 13.9%) geographical groups. It's possible to distinguish three main areas with similar eco-geographical differentiation of endemics on RFE as follows: (1) North-East Asia sector of RFE which North-East-Asian - Beringian and Maritime Okhotia - Beringian geographical groups approximately correspond to, (2) Continental part of East Asia sector of RFE (West - Okhotian, Amur - Okhotian, Amur - Ussirian, Okhotsk Sea and Japan Sea groups) and (3) Oceanic part of East Asia sector (Russian Far East - West Pacific group). Taxonomical variety of RFE endemics on these territories makes up accordingly (1) - 99 species (19.9%), (2) - 259 (52.8%) and (3) - 136 (27.4%).

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to suggest revegetation character for environment factor of slope. Field test carried out for the man-made slope with three types(0.5cm no net, 3.0cm no net, 3.0cm net) revegetation methods in Hwaseong. Test revegetation plants were Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya and Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria M. The result of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. The soil hardness, the soil acidity, and the soil humidity of three types(0.5cm no net, 3.0cm no net, 3.0cm net) revegetation methods were at a suitable value for plants growth. 2. All plant growth index(seedling number, ground coverage, plant height, plant weight, etc) of south slope were better than north slope. But plant growth index of net plots were similar to no net plots. 3. For washout investigation, washout quantity of north slope was plentifully measured from south slope, and 1 amount of rainfall will be big was visible appears plentifully.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.15-19
• /
• 2021

Senecavirus A (SVA), previously known as Seneca Valley virus, can cause vesicular disease and neonatal losses in pigs that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). After the first case report in Canada in 2007, it had been restrictively identified in North America including United States. But, since 2015, SVA emerged outside North America in Brazil, and also in several the Asian countries including China, Thailand, and Vietnam. Considering the SVA occurrence in neighboring countries, there has been a high risk that Korea can be introduced at any time. In particular, it is very important in terms of differential diagnosis in the suspected case of vesicular diseases in countries where FMD is occurring. So far, several different molecular detection methods for SVV have been published but not validated as the reference method, yet. In this study, seven different molecular methods for detecting SVA were evaluated. Among them, the method by Flowler et al, (2017) targeted to 3D gene region with the highest sensitivity and no cross reaction with other vesicular disease agents including FMDV, VSV and SVD, was selected and applied further to antigen surveillance of SVA. A total of 245 samples of 157 pigs from 61 farms submitted for animal disease diagnose nationwide during 2018 were tested all negative. In 2018, no sign of SVA occurrence have been confirmed in Korea, but the results of the surveillance for SVA needs to be continued and accumulated at a high risk of SVA in neighboring countries.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.155-159
• /
• 2004

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the microclimate of wheat canopy, growth and yield characteristics of wheat under north-south and east-west row orientation. The variety used in this experiment was "AG South 2000", which was developed in USA. Solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and soil temperature were monitored by data logger from March to May in 2002, The ratio of light penetration to the bottom from the upper canopy was 36.8% in north-south and 21.4% in east-west row orientation. Temporal march of light penetration to the bottom from March to May decreased as wheat developed canopy structure and decreased a little from May as plant were matured. The highest light penetration to the bottom from upper canopy occurred at 13：00 in both north-south and east-west row orientations, respectively which were 36 times in north-south and 27 times in east-west row orientation, respectively. Daily maximum temperature at the bottom of canopy occurred at 14：00 with 29 times in north-south, while 19 times were obtained at 14：00 and 15：00, respectively in east-west row orientation. Relative humidity at the bottom of the canopy in east-west yow orientation showed higher than that of north-south row orientation. Occurrence of daily maximum soil temperature of north-south showed one hour later compared with east-west yow orientation. 1000 grain weight and test weight of north-south row orientation was higher than those of east-west vow orientation. Correlation coefficient between solar radiation of upper canopy and 1000 grain weight showed r=$0.8132^{*}$, and between air temperature of upper canopy and number of spikes per $\textrm{m}^{2}$ and 1000 grain weight showed significant positive correlation with r=$0.8139^{*}$, and r=$0.8293^{*}$, respectively.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.78-81
• /
• 2006

Freshly harvested, immature (green) seeds of North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) were stratified for up to 3 years in plastic pails in controlled environment rooms at $5{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 9 months and then $21{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for 3 months (Trt. 1, regular stratification), or continuously at $-2{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$ (Trt. 2), or continuously at $3{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$ (Trt. 3). During stratification at -2 and $3^{\circ}C$ embryos did not grow. On seeding in the field embryos grew rapidly and resultant seedlings were comparable to those from regularly stratified seed. Seedling emergence rate was acceptable at the industry expected rate of 68% after one year of storage, but not after two years storage when it declined to 17.5%. Seed rot was so severe in year 3 that no planting was carried out. Seedling and second year growth were similar at the three stratification temperatures; most importantly, root dry weight (economic yield) was similar. Low-temperature storage of freshly-harvested North American ginseng seed is an acceptable method for short-term retention of propagating material.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.386-390
• /
• 2021

Petrorhagia nanteuilii (Burnat) P. W. Ball & Heywood (Caryophyllaceae), native to western Europe and western North Africa and an introduced or alien plant in South America, Australia, and Japan, was newly found in Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. Petrorhagia is clearly distinguished from other genera by a bract at the base of calyx, which differs from Gypsophila L., and commissures at the sepals, which is different from Dianthus L. Petrorhagia nanteuilii grows on slopes and roadsides, suggesting that it is likely to have been introduced through the installation of green sites and road construction. A precise description, illustration, photographs, and a key to related genera and species is provided.