• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.58 no.7
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• pp.27.1-27.8
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• 2016

Background: Studies on prevalence of pale, soft, exudative (PSE) condition in Sri Lankan poultry industry is minimal. Hence, the objective of present study was to determine the incidence of PSE chicken meat in a commercial meat processing plant and to find out its consequences on meat quality traits of roasted chicken breast. Method: A total of 60 breast fillets were randomly selected, evaluated based on color L* value, and placed into 1 of 2 categories; PSE (L* > 58) or normal meat ($L*{\leq}58$). A total of 20 breast fillets (10 PSE and 10 normal) were then analyzed for color, pH, and water holding capacity (WHC). After processing those into roasted chicken breast, cooking loss, color, pH, WHC, and texture values were evaluated. A sensory evaluation was conducted using 30 untrained panelists. Results: The incidence of PSE meat was 70 % in the present experiment. PSE fillets were significantly lighter and had lower pH values compared with normal fillets. Correlation between the lightness and pH was negative (P < 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in color, texture, and WHC values between the 2 groups after processing into roasted chicken breast (P > 0.05), an approximately 3 % higher cooking loss was observed in PSE group compared to its counterpart (P < 0.05). Moreover, cooking loss and lightness values showed a significant positive correlation. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in sensory parameters between the 2 products (P > 0.05). Conclusions: These results indicated that an economical loss can be expected due to the significantly higher cooking loss observed in roasted breast processed from PSE meat.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

For high quality DTP products, it is important to optimize the parameters of media, pre- and after-treatment, ink, printer, etc. This study investigated the effect of types of fabrics(media) as a DTP parameters. Especially, the effects of media properties such as yarn twist and knitted fabric structure, on printability and color difference were examined. Two types of cotton yarn twist(830 and 1630 twist/meter) and five knitted structures of media were prepared with a single circular knitting machine. The K/S values of hard-twist samples were higher than those of normal-twist samples in every media structures. It is more effective to use the knitted fabrics of a hard-twist yarn to obtain dark color in the printing above input level value 60 where the printability improvement was most pronounced in case of plain structure. Among the five media structures a plain structure was the highest and that of corduroy was the lowest in terms of K/S values. Also ${\Delta}E$ values and lightness of the hard-twist yarn samples were smaller than that of normal-twist yarn samples when ${\Delta}E$ values were tested by using a standard of a normal twist yarn sample with a plain structure, which was increased in the case of corduroy structure.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2001

Objective : This study was purposed to investigate the acute. subacute toxicity of Herbal acupuncture with Juglandis Semen(JsD) in mice and rats. Methods & Results: Balb/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with JsD for $LD_{50}$ and acute toxicity test Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with JsD for subacute toxicity test. Results: The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. LD50 was uncountable as could not find the expired of treat group. 2. The clinical signs and body weight changes of mice treated with 0.2cc, 0.4cc JsD were not affected during the acute toxicity test. 3. In acute toxicity test of serum biochemical values of mice, total protein was increased in treat-l group, compared with normal group, and total cholesterol was increased in treat-2 group, compared with normal group.(P<0.05) 4. In subacute toxicity test, main toxic syndrome was not found. 5. The body weight was decreased in treat-2 group, compared with normal group and relative liver weight was decreased in treat-1, 2 group, compared with normal group in subacute toxicity test.(P<0.05) 6. In subacute toxicity test, WBC, MCH, MCHC were decreased in treat-2 group and RBC was increased in treat-2 group, compared with normal group in complete blood count test.(P<0.05) 7. In subacute toxicity test, treat groups were not changed serum biochemical values of rats, compared with normal group.(P<0.05) Conclusions: According to the results, Herbal-acupuncture with Juglandis Semen caused no toxicity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.126-131
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• 2009

Acetabular dysplasia is a condition defined by inadequate development of an individual's acetabulum. Individual diversity of the symptoms in this disease needs safe and accurate preoperative planning. Technologies that utilize multidimensional image information are thus important. The assessment method by Janzen et al. was suggested a coefficient method in evaluation of acetabular dysplasia. In this study, we applied it, using a three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) on the koreans. 19 cases of the normal hips and 4 cases of the acetabular dysplasia were investigated to evaluate the proved method; 3D CT was used to define the geometric center of the femoral head and to measure center edge angles at $10^{\circ}$ rotational increments around the acetabular rim. Mean and standard deviation in CEAs (Center Edge Angle) of normal 19 hips at $10^{\circ}$ rotational increments from anterior to posterior rim were determined, and termed as a 'normal curve'. Then this normal values were compared with the CEA data measured from 4 cases of acetabular dysplasia patiens. Quantative comparison of the CEA values between the normal cases and dysplasia cases was successfully demonstrated, and thus, we claim that this simple CT method of assessing acetabular dysplasia can be well applicable to diagnosis, quantification and surgical planning for adult acetabular dysplasia patients.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2019

In this paper, we are interested in the evaluation of special values of the Dedekind zeta function of a totally real number field. In particular, we revisit Siegel method for values of the zeta function of a totally real number field at negative odd integers and explain how this method is applied to the case of non-normal totally real number field. As one of its applications, we give divisibility property for the values in the special case

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.367-373
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• 2010

Investigations for hematologic and biochemical values for Gyeongju DongGyeong dogs were performed. This study were conducted to determine normal blood and serum chemical values on DongGyeong dogs. Normal blood and serum chemical values were studied in 47 healthy dogs (male 28, female 19). The hematologic and serum chemistry results were confirmed by age, sex, shape of tail. The hematological values showed no difference from Korea native dogs. The hematocrit values ($49.0{\pm}8.1$(%)) of DongGyeong dogs (2-3 years group) were significantly higher than other dogs. The mean levels of MCV ($61.6{\pm}3.8({\mu}m^3)$) in DongGyeong dogs were lower than general dogs. The levels of cholesterol($220{\pm}80.5$(mg/dl)) and inorganic phosphorus ($3.6{\pm}1.0$ (mg/dl)) of DongGyeong dogs (2~3 years group) were significantly higher than Korea native dogs. Totally concentration of triglyceride ($66.2{\pm}17.0$ (mg/dl)) of DongGyeong dogs were significantly lower than Korea native dogs. The mean values of BUN were increased with age but no significantly. In conclusion, data obtained from this study may be valuable as a standard for interpretation of the results in hematologic and biochemical analysis of Gyeongju DongGyeong dog populations.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.3 s.74
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• pp.317-325
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• 1999

In proper diagnosis of skeletal Class III malocclusion, it was important to know the pattern of three dimensional skeletal & facial disharmony. The purpose of this study was to obtain P-A cephalometric characteristics in skeletal Class III malocclusion comparing with normal occlusion. The samples were consisted of 120 subjects, divided into four groups : Male normal occlusion, Female normal occlusion, Male skeletal Class III malocclusion, Female skeletal Class III malocclusion. Posteroanterior and lateral cephalogram were taken from the subjects with a x-ray apparatus (ASHAI CX90SP, Japan) and traced on acetate paper with routine manner. The transverse and vertical values from posteroanterior cephalometry, the sagittal values from lateral cephalometry and their ratio were obtained. The results were as follows: 1. The anteroposterior discrepancy in skeletal Class III group was not due to short maxillary length(Cd-A), but to longer mandibular length(Cd-Gn) than normal occlusion group. 2. The faces of skeletal Class III group were longer than normal occlusion group. It was not due to increase of upper face height(Cg-ANS) but to increase of the lower face height(ANS-Me) especially mandibular height(Cd-Me). 3. There was no difference in the facial width values between normal occlusion group and skeletal Class III group, except upper molar width(U6-U6), lower molar width(L6-L6) and mandibular width(Ag-Ag) of female skeletal Class III group which were larger than normal occlusion group. 4. The increase of mandibular length of skeletal Class III group was reflected in the increase of lower facial height but did not have an effect on the mandibular width.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1918-1926
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• 2004

Osteoporosis is defined as a progressive systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mineral density, microarchitectual deteriorations of bone and susceptibility to fracture. numerous methods have been used for quantitative assessment of the skeleton in osteoporosis. QCT has been shown to measure changes in trabecular mineral content in the spine with great sensitivity and precision. To provide the normal reference values and changes of lumbar spinal bone mineral density in korean adult spinal bone mineral density was evaluated in 451 women (229 premenopausal and 222 postmenopausal women) and 206 men, aged 20 to 74 years old in Wonkwang hospital from 2000 to 2004, which was carried out by using QCT. women with oophorectomy, vertebral compression fracture, any history of endocrine disease and use of drugs that alter bone metabolism were excluded. According to the WHO definition, a patient is osteoporotic based on a bone mineral density(BMD) measurement that is 2.5 standard deviations (SDs) below typical peak bone mass of young healthy white women. This measurement of standard deviation from peak mass is called the T score. BMD values of normal women in their 20-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, 35-39 years, 40-44 years, 45-49 years, 50-54 years, 55-59 years, 60-64 years, 65-69 years, over 70 years were 168.95㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 155.41㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 166.87㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 160.67㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 154.06㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 132.04㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 114.05㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 91.78㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 78.61 ㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 61.35㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 50.53㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄ Mean bone density of normal women was 115.77K₂PHO₄ K₂PHO₄. BMD values of normal men in their 20-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, 35-39 years, 40-44 years, 45-49 years, 50-54 years, 55-59 years, 60-64 years, 65-69 years, over 70 years were 171.46㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 162.19㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 155.62㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 147.28㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 137.56㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 137.56㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 101.25㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 109.00㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 103.32㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 91.53㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 88.35㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄ Mean density of normal men was 115.77㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄. Peak bone density of women and men was in the age group of 20-24 years and 168.95㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, 171.46㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, respectively. Bone loss was increased with aging and was accelerated in postmenopausal women than that of premenopausal women. The total loss of BMD for women and men was 70.09% and 48.47%, respectively. Postmenopausal women(mean BMD : 85.83㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄) had significantly lower BMD than premenopausal women(meand BMD : 144.80㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄)(p<0.001). The annual loss of BMD of women and men was 2.702㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄ and 1.795㎎/㏄ K₂PHO₄, respectively. This study provided the BMD reference data for normal korean adult. further studies on BMD in healthy adult and comparison with published data are needed.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.174-179
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• 1986

The thymus weight of the mouse was 54.1% in protein malnutritive diet group and 39.2% in group treated with saponin fraction of Panax ginseng in comparison to normal diet group. This decreasing effects of protein malnutritive diet and saponin fraction on the thymus weight practically disappeared after four weeks. The saponin fraction showed no effect on the spleen weight of the mouse. The supplement of the saponin fraction enhanced total peritoneal exudate cells, content of total serum protein and albumin content of the mouse, each 45, 8 and 10% respectively in comparision to that of normal diet group. And these values in protein malnutritive diet group were 61.2, 83.6 and 87.0% respectively in comparision to that of normal diet group, and recovered to the level of normal diet group by the supplement of the saponin fraction. The electrophoregram of the serum protein of the mouse fed with protein malnutritive diet was different from that of the mouse fed with normal diet, but this difference practically disappeared by the supplement of the saponin fraction.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.715-720
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• 2017

This study tries to analyze morphology and formant frequencies of linear prediction spectra of stethoscope sounds for heart diseased children. For this object, heart diseased stethoscope sounds were collected in the pediatrics of an university hospital. The collected signals were preprocessed and analyzed by the Burg algorithm, a kind of linear prediction analysis. The linear prediction spectra and the formant frequencies of the spectra for the stethoscope sounds for the normal and the diseased children are estimated and compared. The spectra showed outstanding differences in morphology and formant frequencies between the normal and the diseased children. Normal children showed relatively low frequency of F1(the first formant) and small negative slope from F1. VSD children revealed stiff slope change around F1 to F3. Spectra of ASD children is similar with the normal case, but have negative values of F3. F1-F2 difference of the functional murmur children were relatively large.