• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1457-1465
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• 2012

Intestinal phosphate (Pi) absorption across the apical membrane of small intestinal epithelial cells is mainly mediated by the type IIb Na-coupled phosphate co-transporter (NaPi-IIb), but its expression and regulation in the chicken remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the mRNA and protein levels of NaPi-IIb in three regions of chicken small intestine, and related their expression levels to the rate of net phosphate absorption. Our results showed that maximal phosphate absorption occurs in the jejunum, however the highest expression levels of NaPi-IIb mRNA and protein occurs in the duodenum. In response to a low-Pi diet (TP 0.2%), there is an adaptive response restricted to the duodenum, with increased brush border membrane (BBM) Na-Pi transport activity and NaPi-IIb protein and mRNA abundance. However, when switched from a low-(TP 0.2%) to a normal diet (TP 0.6%) for 4 h, there is an increase in BBM NaPi-IIb protein abundance in the jejunum, but no changes in BBM NaPi-IIb mRNA. Therefore, our study indicates that Na-Pi transport activity and NaPi-IIb protein expression are differentially regulated in the duodenum vs the jejunum in the chicken.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.1990-1993
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a technique for automatic spinal deformity detection from $moir\acute{e}$ topographic images. Normally the $moir\acute{e}$ stripes show symmetry as a human body is almost symmetric. According to the progress of the deformity of a spine, asymmetry becomes larger. Numerical representation of the degree of asymmetry is therefore useful in evaluating the deformity. First, displacement of local centroids and difference of gray values are evaluated statistically between the left- and the right-hand side regions of the $moir\acute{e}$ images with respect to the extracted middle line. We classify the moire images into two categories i.e., normal and abnormal cases from the features, employing discriminant analysis. An experiment was performed employing 1,200 $moir\acute{e}$ images and 85% of the images were classified correctly.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3499-3502
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• 2013

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenously expressed small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression, mainly by binding to 3'- untranslated regions (3'UTR) of their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which cause blocks of translation and/or mRNA cleavage. Recently, miRNAprofiling studies demonstrated the microRNA-497 (miR-497) level to be down-regulated in all prostate carcinomas compared with BPH samples. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential role of miR-497 in human prostate cancer. Proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis assays were conducted to explore the potential function of miR-497 in human prostate cancer cells. Results showed that miR-497 suppressed cellular growth and initiated G0/G1 phase arrest of LNCaP and PC-3 cells. We also observed that miR-497 increased the percentage of apoptotic cells by increasing caspase-3/7 activity. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-497 can inhibit growth and induce apoptosis by caspase-3 activation in prostate cancer cells, which suggest its use as a potential therapeutic target in the future.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2003

Fluoranthene, a common polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), exhibits phototoxicity which may affect aquatic organisms. The eventual goal of this study is to develop a biomarker of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) used in monitoring hazardous chemicals in the ecosystem. In this study we investigated neural toxicity of fluoranthene in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) along with comparative analysis of corresponding behavioral response. The untreated individuals shooed normal behavioral characteristics (i. e., smooth and linear movements). The treated fish, however, showed stopping and abrupt change of orientation (100 ppb), and severely reduced locomotive activity and enhanced surfacing activity (1,000 ppb). Treatment of the medaka fish with fluoranthene caused a significant suppresson of acetycholine esterase (AChE) activities in the body portion but not in the head portion. When fish were exposed to 1,000 ppb of fluoranthene for 24 hr, the body AChE activities decreased from 126.${\pm}$31.89 (nmoles substrate hydrolyzed per min per mg protein) to 49.51${\pm}$11.99. Expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein in the different organs from both head and body portions were comparatively analyzed using an immunohistochemical technique. Five organs of the medaka fish showing a strong TH protein expression were the olfactory bulb, hypothalamus, optic lobe, pons and myelencephalon regions. This study provides molecular and neurobehavioral bases of a biomonitoring system for toxic chemicals using fish as a model organism.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.43-47
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• 2016

Pile foundations constructed on extremely cold regions cause serviceability problems of superstructures from repeated actions of ground freezing and thawing. Oil sand module plants are mainly constructed on seasonal frozen ground. Due to the freezing and thawing actions of grounds, vertical movements of piles have been observed. To solve these erratic pile movement problems, thin vertical layer of PET aggregates is installed around the pile shaft to prevent potential unfavorable pile movements. There is no known method to calculate "thin PET aggregate layer" -surrounded pile shaft resistance (capacity) against vertical loads; therefore, this experimental research is conducted. Specifically, in this study, horizontal (normal) pressures on pile shaft were assessed varying PET aggregate layer thickness based on the experiment.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1997

Odontodysplasia is a rare developmental anomaly of tooth formation in which hard tissue are affected. Odontodyplasia affects the primary and permanent dentitions in the maxilla, mandible, or both jaws. The maxilla is involved twice as often as the mandible. The condition is more common in female than in male patients and in the anterior than in the posterior regions. The clinical manifestation of odontodysplasia are hypoplasia and hypocalcification of the enamel and dentin of affected teeth. Teeth tend to be small and discolored, with short roots and widely open pulp canal. Delayed eruption of affected teeth with abscess formation is common. Radiographically teeth assume a faint radiolucent image ("ghost teeth"). enamel and dentin appear thin and are similar in radiodensity. The pulp chambers are often larger than normal, calcifications(pulp stone and denticle) are found within them. The etiology of regional odontodysplasia is unknown. However, several causes have been discussed, including somatic mutation, local circulatory disorders, local trauma, failure of migration and differentiation of neural crest cells, local infection.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2016

This study investigated natural convection flow behavior in airflow path designed in concrete dry storage cask to remove the decay heat from spent nuclear fuels. Using FLUENT 16.1 code, thermal analysis for natural convection was carried out for three dimensional, 1/4 symmetry model under the normal condition that inlet ducts are 100% open. The maximum temperatures on other components except the fuel regions were satisfied with allowable values suggested in nuclear regulation-1536. From velocity and temperature distributions along the flow direction, the flow behavior in horizontal duct of air inlet and outlet duct, annular flow-path and bent pipe was delineated in detail. Theses results will be used as the theoretical background for the composing of airflow path for the designing of passive heat removal system by understanding the flow phenomena in airflow path.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.316-320
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• 1999

Nine accessions of red rices collected from different regions were tested for germination characteristics in relation to seed maturity and several storage conditions after harvest. No red rice seeds germinated at five days after anthesis (DAA). Wanjuaengmi (long-grain red rice) seeds at 10DAA germinated up to 30% of total samples, producing only abnormal seedlings, whereas 10D-AA-seeds of normal cultivar showed only 3.3% germinability. Some red rice seeds absorbed more water than cultivated varieties, and showed less decrease in germination rate than cultivated varieties when seeds were exposed at -1, -5 or -1$0^{\circ}C$ for up to 60 hours after soaking. Red rice accessions maintained more than 95% germination when stored. indoor for 120 days. Two short-grain red rices showed about 50% germination when overwintered in the field, while other long-grain red rices and cultivated rices germinated less than 10%. Germination of seeds overwintered in clay loam soil was lower than that in loam soil, and seeds on surface germinated less than those in 1~7cm depth.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.165-172
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• 2003

This article deals with the spin loss analysis of friction drive CVTs, especially for the cases of S-CVT and SS-CVT. There are two main sources of power loss resulting from slippage in the friction drive CVT, spin and slip loss. Spin loss, which is also a main design issue in traction drives, results from the elastic contact deformation of rotating bodies having different rotational velocities. The structure and operating principles of the S-CVT and SS-CVT are first reviewed briefly. And to analyze the losses resulting from slippage, we reviewed previous analyses of the friction mechanism. A modified classical friction model is proposed, which describes the friction behavior including Stribeck (i.e., pre-sliding) effect. It is also performed an in-depth study for the velocity fields generated at the contact regions along with a Hertzian analysis of deflection. Hertzian results were employed to construct the geometric parameters and normal pressure distributions of the contact surface with respect to elastic and plastic deformations. With analytic formulations of the relative velocity field, deflection, and friction mechanism of the S-CVT and SS-CVT, quantitative analyses of spin loss for each case are carried out. As a result, explicit models of spin loss were developed.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2010

An efficient plant regeneration system has been developed for figleaf gourd (Cucurbita ficifolia Bouch$\'{e}$), which is exclusively used as a rootstock for cucumber. The protocol is based on results obtained from a series of culture experiments involving different parts of the cotyledons and various media. The culture of cotyledon explants was critical for the enhancement of shoot regeneration frequency. The lower parts of the cotyledon excised at the plumule base were found to display a markedly enhanced production of adventitious shoots compared to other cotyledon regions. Culture in silver nitrate-supplemented Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was not beneficial for shoot regeneration and suppressed root regeneration. Efficient shoot regeneration was obtained on MS medium containing 1.0 $mg\;l^{-1}$ zeatin and 0.1 $mg\;l^{-1}$ indole-3-acetic acid. Regenerated shoots successfully elongated and rooted in medium containing 0.1 $mg\;l^{-1}$ 1-naphthalene-acetic acid after 10-15 days of subculturing. The plantlets were satisfactorily acclimatized in a greenhouse and grew into normal plants without any morphological alterations.