• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.158-166
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to confirm the efficient umbilical cord care of healthy newborns in nursery. In order to determine the efficient care, the time of umbilical cord separation and the skin condition of periumbilical area were evaluated. The data were collected in sample of 529 normal, healthy newborns of C hospital in Seoul, from September 1st, 1999 to January 16th, 2000. The babies were randomly selected and allocated into four groups-alcohol swab/tub bath, alcohol swab/partial bath, natural dry/tub bath, natural dry/partial bath- by the methods of care. The mothers of babies were also surveyed by questionnaire about general characteristics. The data were analyzed by SAS program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The average gestation period of newborns was 39+3 weeks. The average birth weight was 3.27Kg. In gender of babies, boys were 51.7% and girls were 48.3%. The 65% of newborns were born normal vaginal delivery, 35% were C-section. The feeding methods were 55.3% of the babies fed by mixed type, 22.9% by breast, and 21.8% by bottle. There was no significance among four groups by general characteristics. 2. The average time of umbilical cord separation was 8.27 days(SD=2.3). The time was no difference significantly among four groups(F=1.68, P=0.17). 3. The prevalence of the umbilical care complication did not show differences among four groups( 2=3.93, P=0.27). In conclusion, Nurses have preferred the traditional alcohol swab/partial bath method in care of newborns. But there was no difference among the ways to take care of umbilicus according to this study. The way to naturally is more efficient due to reduce the time and expense in umbilical care for normal babies of nursery. This also matched the change in approach to healthy population from intervention to nonintervention way. This could be suggested in education for normal and healthy babies care at home and nursery as a useful way. Endly, the further study about bacterial colony nda infection rate at umbilicus by ways of care is needed.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 1974

On day 2 after treatment of Lewis rat with 25mg of hydrocortisone, the cell number in the thymus was reduced to less than 10% of the matched control. By day 12 after hydrocortisone treatment the thymic cell population was recovered almost its original value and on day 24 after treatment the number of thymocytes was equivalent to that of normal thymocytes. The density distribution profile of hydrocortisone treated rats as compared with normal rats showed a marked decrease in the denser fraction D while the lighter fractions. (A plus B, and C) showed a considerable proportional increase. The proportion of dead cells in thymus suspension from hydrocortisone treated rats was higher than that from their normal counterparts. On separation, the dead cells accumulated selectively in the pellet and A fraction. The response of the thymocytes from hydrocortisone treated rats to PHA was increased compared to that from normal rats. Among the subpopulations, D fraction, which was relatively unresponsive in normal rats, showed a marked increase in PHA response and C fraction showed some increase in the response.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.745-750
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• 2000

Steel plate bonding technique is most widely used in strengthening of existing concrete structures, but it has inherently a problem of the premature failure such as interface separation and rip off. So far, many studies have been arid out in the manner of laboratory tests for the reinforced concrete beams to find out he mechanism of the premature failure. However, in order to verify the characteristics of the premature failure, more reasonable local investigations are needed rather than such relatively global experimental works. In this study, therefore, the double lap test which simulate the pure shear loadings and the half beam tests which consider combined flexure-shear force have been done. There are, however, difficulties in getting the normal stress caused to premature failure, so that finite element analysis was performed, too. In numerical study, material nonlinearity was considered, and the interface element was applied to model the interface between steel plate and adhesive. From the results of experimental and numerical studies, a realistic failure criterion on the separation of steel plates has been derived.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.159-165
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• 2003

This paper describes numerical efforts to characterize the flame-holding and air-fuel mixing process of model SCRamjet engine combustor, where a hydrogen jet injected into a supersonic cross flow and in a cavity. Combustion phenomena in a model SCRamjet engine, which has been experimentally studied at University of Queensland and Australian National University using a free-piston shock tunnel, was observed around separation region of upstream of the normal injector and inside of cavity. The results show that the separation region and cavity generates several recirculation zones, which increase the fuel-air mixing. Self ignition occurs in the separation-freestream and cavity-freestream interface.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.271-276
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• 2008

The oil trap in oil separator is one of the most important characteristics for normal operation of compressor. In this study, oil separation characteristics has been investigated for $CO_2$/PAG mixture using a gravity type of oil separator. The experimental study has been carried out in the range of oil concentration 0 to 5 weight-percent and the mixture temperature range of $0^{\circ}C$ to $15^{\circ}C$. The results obtained indicate that oil separation ratio in oil separator is increased with an increase in the oil concentration and mixture temperature.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.858-869
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• 2023

As one of the pivotal techniques of image restoration, single-channel blind source separation (SCBSS) is capable of converting a visual-only image into multi-source images. However, image degradation often results from multiple mixing methods. Therefore, this paper introduces an innovative SCBSS algorithm to effectively separate source images from a composite image in various mixed modes. The cornerstone of this approach is a novel triple generative adversarial network (TriGAN), designed based on dual learning principles. The TriGAN redefines the discriminator's function to optimize the separation process. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the algorithm's capability to distinctly separate source images from a composite image in diverse mixed modes and to facilitate effective image restoration. The effectiveness of the proposed method is quantitatively supported by achieving an average peak signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 30 dB, and the average structural similarity index surpassing 0.95 across multiple datasets.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.293-298
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• 2010

We introduce to the notions of $GT_1$, $GT_2$, G-regular and G-normal on a GTS. And we investigate characterizations for such notions and relationships among $GT_1$, $GT_2$, $GT_3$ and $G_4$.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.317-332
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• 2004

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted under highly turbulent and disturbed flow conditions over a solid/perforated plate with a long splitter plate in its plane of symmetry. The effect of varied level of perforation of the normal plate on fluctuating velocities and fluctuating pressures measured across and along the separation bubble was studied. The different perforation levels of the normal plate; that is 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% are studied. The Reynolds number based on step height was varied from $4{\times}10^3$ to $1.2{\times}10^4$. The shape and size of the bubble vary with different perforation level of the normal plate that is to say the bubble is reduced both in height and length up to 30% perforation level. For higher perforation of the normal plate, bubble is completely swept out. The peak turbulence value occurs around 0.7 to 0.8 times the reattachment length. The turbulence intensity values are highest for the case of solid normal plate (bleed air is absent) and are lowest for the case of 50% perforation of the normal plate (bleed air is maximum in the present study). From the analysis of data it is observed that $\sqrt{\overline{u^{{\prime}2}}}/(\sqrt{\overline{u^{{\prime}2}}})_{max}$, (the ratio of RMS velocity fluctuation to maximum RMS velocity fluctuation), is uniquely related with dimensionless distance y/Y', (the ratio of distance normal to splitter plate to the distance where RMS velocity fluctuation is half its maximum value) for all the perforated normal plates. It is interesting to note that for 50% perforation of the normal plate, the RMS pressure fluctuation in the flow field gets reduced to around 60% as compared to that for solid normal plate. Analysis of the results show that the ratio [$C^{\prime}_p$ max/$-C_{pb}(1-{\eta})$], where $C^{\prime}_p$ max is the maximum coefficient of fluctuating pressure, $C_{pb}$ is the coefficient of base pressure and ${\eta}$ is the perforation level (ratio of open to total area), for surface RMS pressure fluctuation levels seems to be constant and has value of about 0.22. Similar analysis show that the ratio $[C^{\prime}_p$ max/$-C_{pb}(1-{\eta})]$ for flow field RMS pressure fluctuation levels seems to be constant and has a value of about 0.32.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.423-427
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• 2013

A new convenient derivatization method of ${\alpha}$-amino acid esters as nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) derivatives for chiral resolution was introduced and the enantiomer separation of ${\alpha}$-amino acid esters as NBD derivatives was performed by normal HPLC using chiral columns based on polysaccharide derivatives. The NBD derivatives were readily prepared by stirring NBD-Cl and ${\alpha}$-amino acid methyl ester HCl with $NaHCO_3$ in ethanol. The performance of Chiralpak IA was superior to the other chiral stationary phases for enantiomer resolution of NBD derivatives of several ${\alpha}$-amino acid methyl esters. Owing to fluorescence detection as well as strong UV absorption, it is expected that the convenient analytical method developed in this study will be very useful for enantiomer separation of ${\alpha}$-amino acid esters as NBD derivatives on polysaccharide-derived chiral columns.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.57-64
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose the automatic detection method for individual region separation using panorama image. Finding areas that contain individual teeth is one of the most important tasks in automating 3D models through individual tooth separation. In the conventional method, the maxillary and mandibular teeth regions are separated using a straight line or a specific CT slide, and the tooth regions are separated using a straight line in the vertical direction. In the conventional method, since the teeth are arranged in a curved shape, there is a problem that each tooth region is incorrectly detected in order to generate an accurate tooth region. This is a major obstacle to automating the creation of individual tooth models. In this study, we propose a method to find the correct tooth curve by using the jawbone curve which is very similar to the tooth curve in order to overcome the problem of finding the area containing the existing tooth. We have proposed a new method to accurately set individual tooth regions using the feature that individual teeth are arranged in a direction similar to the normal direction of the tooth alignment curve. In the proposed method, the maxillary and mandibular teeth can be more precisely separated than the conventional method, and the area including the individual teeth can be accurately set. Experiments using real dental CT images demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.