• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.108-115
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• 1991

Endobronchial tuberculosis is a serious disease which is frequently complicated with bronchial stenosis, and it may simulate a bronchial asthma or bronchogenic carcinoma. We have analyzed the clinical characteristics of endobronchial tuberculosis in 166 patients, and we introduce new classification of endobronchial tuberculosis. Endobronchial tuberculosis is classified into seven subtypes as stenotic type with fibrosis, stenotic type without fibrosis, actively caseating type, tumorous type, ulcerative type, granular type and nonspecific bronchitic type, according to the bronchoscopic findings. Actively caseaing type, stenotic type without fibrosis, nonspecific bronchitic type and stenotic type with fibrosis are predominant in the order of frequency, but ulcerative type and granular type are relatively rare. Stenotic type with or without fibrosis, actively caseating type and tumorous type of endobronchial tuberculosis are closely related to bronchial stenoses. We believe that our new classification of endobronchial tuberculosis, which is based on bronchoscopic features, is helpful to understand the pathogenesis of disease and to make a therapeutic plan for preventing or minimizing bronchial stenosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.321-330
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• 1993

Fibricola seoulensis의 피낭유충을 흰쥐에게 경구 감염시켜 3, 4, 5. 6, 7일 별로 부 검 회수하여 생리 식염수로 씻은 후, 10% neutral formalin buffer에 고정 후 세척하였다. Acetylcholinesterase 염색은 기질로 acetylthiocholine iodide를 사용한 효소조직화학적 방법으로 피낭유충과 여러 성장 과정에 있는 충체의 신경계 분포 발달과정을 관찰하고 억제제로는 eserine, iso-OMPA, BW284C51를 사용하였다. 신경계는 피낭유충과 성충의 전반부 부위의 인두와 구흡반과 후반부의 배설 신경총을 연결하는 3쌍의 종주신경간과 그들을 연결하는 횡신경 연합과 환상신경 연합으로 구성되어 있으며, 다수의 환상신경 연합은 충체표면 가까이에 위치한 종주신경간과도 연결되어 있다. 충체 발달의 모든 단계에서 구흡반 및 복흡반, 인두, 신경계에 acetylcholinesterase와 nonspeciaccholinesterase의 염색반응이 관찰되었다. F. seoulensis의 acetylcholinesterase 동위효소 유형은 분자량 69 kDa. 132 kDa의 2개의 분획이 분리되었으며 그 중 69 kDa 분획대가 주분획을 이루었다.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2012

Purpose: To determine a method to improve the efficacy and accuracy of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) - polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we compared hot start PCR and conventional multiplex nested PCR. Materials and Methods: This study was performed with single lymphocyte isolated from whole blood samples that were obtained from two couples with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). We proceeded with conventional multiplex nested PCR and hot start PCR in which essential reaction components were physically removed, and we compared the amplification rate, allele dropout rate and nonspecific products. Afterward, we used selective method for PGD. Results: In the two couples, the respective amplification rate were 93.5% and 80.0% using conventional multiplex nested PCR and 95.5% and 92.0% using hot start PCR. The respective mean allele dropout rates for the two couples were 42.0% and 14.0% with conventional multiplex nested PCR and 36.0% and 6.0% with hot start PCR. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the hot start PCR procedure provides higher amplification rates and lower allele dropout rate than the conventional method and that it decreased the nonspecific band in multiplex nested PCR. The hot start method is more efficient for analyzing a single blastomere in clinical PGD.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2021

Purpose: Intussusception is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in children; however, it is rarely diagnosed in newborn infants. This study aimed to describe the clinical features of intussusception in newborn infants. Methods: Medical records of eight patients diagnosed with intussusception during the newborn period at Ulsan University Hospital between March 2007 and March 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Among the eight cases, two occurred in the intrauterine period and six occurred in the postnatal period. Intrauterine intussusception presented with symptoms of bowel obstruction within 1 to 2 days after birth, and ileal atresia was diagnosed simultaneously through exploratory laparotomy. All the postnatal patients were extremely low birth weight infants (median gestational age and birth weight: 25⁺⁶ weeks and 745 g, respectively). Four cases were diagnosed preoperatively using abdominal ultrasonography. One patient was diagnosed by exploratory laparotomy because the clinical symptoms were nonspecific and difficult to differentiate from those of necrotizing enterocolitis, a more prevalent complication in preterm infants. The site of intussusception in all six patients was the small bowel. Meckel's diverticulum (one case) and meconium obstruction (two cases) were found to be the lead point. Conclusion: Neonatal intussusception tends to show different clinical features according to its period of occurrence. Intussusception, especially in preterm infants, has nonspecific clinical features; therefore, clinicians should always be cautious of this disease for its early diagnosis.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.74-78
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• 2019

Objective: Myofascial release (MFR) is used to restore tissue extensibility of the fascia tissue and is considered to be useful in a number of clinical settings, such as low back pain (LBP). Dynamic myofascial release (DMFR) is the manual therapy, which combined the conventional MFR with the joint mobilization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the DMFR on trunk mobility, and furthermore, whether the increase of trunk mobility can carry over the improvement of dynamic standing balance in persons with chronic nonspecific LBP. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty persons with chronic non-specific LBP participated in the study and were randomly assigned to the DMFR group (n=15) or the control group (n=15). DMFR was performed for two sessions (15 minutes/session) per week for four weeks for the treatment group. Both the DMFR and control groups were allowed to perform low-intensity physical activities during the treatment period. The Modified-modified $Sch{\ddot{o}}ber$ test (MMST) for trunk mobility and the Functional Reach Test (FRT) for dynamic standing balance were measured before and after the treatment period in both the DMFR group and the control group. Results: The MMST value of DMFR group increased significantly in all trunk range of motion (flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation) after treatment, compared with the control group (p<0.05). Additionally, the FRT value of the DMFR group improved significantly after treatment, compared with the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that DMFR have a positive effect on trunk mobility and standing balance in persons with chronic LBP.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2019

Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) is one of the varieties of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Diagnosis of idiopathic NSIP can be done via multidisciplinary approach in which the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings were discussed together and exclude other causes. Clinical manifestations include subacute or chronic dyspnea and cough that last an average of 6 months, most of which occur in non-smoking, middle-aged women. The common findings in thoracic high-resolution computed tomography in NSIP are bilateral reticular opacities, traction bronchiectasis, reduced volume of the lobes, and ground-glass opacity in the lower lungs. These lesions can involve diffuse bilateral lungs or subpleural area. Unlike usual interstitial pneumonia, honeycombing is sparse or absent. Pathology shows diffuse interstitial inflammation and fibrosis which are temporally homogeneous, namely NSIP pattern. Idiopathic NSIP is usually treated with steroid only or combination with immunosuppressive agents such as azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil. Prognosis of idiopathic NSIP is better than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Many studies have reported a 5-year survival rate of more than 70%.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2024

Manubriosternal 관절의 패혈성 관절염은 특히 청소년에서 드물게 발생하는 질환으로, 종종 근골격 흉통, 갈비뼈염 등과 같은 보다 흔한 진단과 비슷하게 비특이적 증상으로 나타난다. 우리는 17세 소녀의 패혈성 관절염 사례를 보고하며 이러한 질환의 진단과 치료에 대한 어려움을 강조한다. 처음에는 일시적 비특이적 흉통으로 진단된 급성 흉통으로 시작하여, 환자의 응급실 재방문에서 고열과 같은 증상이 심화되어 추가적인 영상 촬영을 진행하였다. 결과적으로 Manubriosternal 관절의 패혈성 관절염 진단이 확인되었으며, 혈액 배양 결과 메티실린 감수성 황색포도상구균이 검출되었다. 진단 지연은 전형적인 증상의 부재 및 환자의 입원에 대한 소극적 태도 등이 영향을 끼친 것으로 보인다. 이 사례는 흉통이 있는 청소년에서 드문 감염 원인을 고려하는 중요성과 전형적이지 않은 해부학적 부위에서의 감염 의심의 필요성을 강조한다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2000

Objective: To describe the neuroradiologic findings of primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (PAPS). Materials and Methods: During a recent two-year period, abnormally elevated antiphospholipid antibodies were detected in a total of 751 patients. In any cases in which risk factors for stroke were detected - hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and the presence of SLE or other connective tissue diseases - PAPS was not diagnosed. Neuroradiologic studies were performed in 11 of 32 patients with PAPS. We retrospectively reviewed brain CT (n = 7), MR (n = 8), and cerebral angiography (n = 8) in 11 patients with special attention to the presence of brain parenchymal lesions and cerebral arterial or venous abnormalities. Results: CT or MR findings of PAPS included nonspecific multiple hyper-intensity foci in deep white matter on T2-weighted images (5/11), a large infarct in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (4/11), diffuse cortical atrophy (2/11), focal hemorrhage (2/11), and dural sinus thrombosis (1/11). Angiographic findings were normal (5/8) or reflected either occlusion of a large cerebral artery (2/8) or dural sinus thrombosis (1/8). Conclusion: Neuroradiologic findings of PAPS are nonspecific but in young or middle- aged adults who show the above mentioned CT or MR findings, and in whom risk factors for stroke are not present, the condition should be suspected.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2003

목적: 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder : 이하 ADHD)는 도파민계의 이상 기능으로 생기는 대표적 소아정신과 질환이다. Methylphenidate는 dopamine transporter(DAT)를 차단함으로써 ADHD 증상을 호전시키는 약물로 널리 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 ADHD 아동들을 대상으로 I-123 IPT SPECT를 이용하여 methylphenidate 투여 전후의 DAT density 양상을 비교해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 연구대상은 9명의 ADHD 아동과 7명의 정상 대조군이었다. ADHD 아동군과 정상 대조군에게 모두 약물 비노출 상태에서 $[^{123}I]IPT$를 정맥 주사후 2시간이 경과한 상태에서 SPECT를 촬영하였다. 이후 ADHD 아동군을 대상으로 methylphenidate 0.7mg/kg/d을 투여한 후 약 8주가 경과한 상태에서 $[^{123}I]IPT$ SPECT를 재촬영 하였다. Methylphenidate 투여 전과 후의 좌, 우측 기저 신경절 DAT 특이결합/비특이결합 비율을 구한 뒤 비교하였고, 약물 투여 후의 ADHD 증상 척도로 측정한 증상 호전도와 좌, 우측 기저 신경절 DAT 특이결합/비특이결합 비율 변화사이의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 결과: ADHD 아동군에서 약물 비노출 상태와 정상 대조군 사이의 좌, 우측 기저 신경절 DAT특이결합/비특이결합 비율을 비교한 결과 DAT 결합 비율이 정상 대조군에 비해서 유의하게 증가되었다. (Right : z=2.057, p=0.041 ; Left z=2.096, p=0.032). 또한 ADHD 아동들에게 methylphenidate 투여 전과 후 상태에서의 기저 신경절 DAT 특이결합/비특이결합 비율을 비교한 결과, methylphenidate 투여 후 상태가 methylphenidate 투여 전 상태에 비해 좌, 우측 DAT 결합비율이 유의하게 낮아진 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. (우측 : t=3.239, p=0.018 ; 좌측 : t=3.133, p=0.020). ADHD 증상의 호전도와 좌, 우측 기저 신경절 DAT 특이결합/비특이결합 비율 변하사이에는 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 이러한 결과는 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애의 치료제인 methylphenidate가 작용하는 기전을 이용하여 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애의 병태생리와 연관된 도파민계 기능이상 가능성을 지지한다고 생각된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 1995

토양(土壤)의 구성성분(構成成分) 중 많은 부분(部分)을 차지하고 있는 철(鐵) 및 알루미늄의 수산화물(水酸化物)에 의한 중금속(重金屬)ion들의 흡착(吸着) mechanism을 구명(究明)하기 위하여, 무정형(無晶型) Fe 및 Al 수산화물(水酸化物), Goethite 및 Gibbsite에 의한 중금속(重金屬)ion들의 흡착(吸着) mechanism을 조사(調査)하였다. 1. 철(鐵) 및 알루미늄의 수산화물(水酸化物)에 의한 중금속(重金屬)ion들의 흡착등온선(吸着等溫線)은 Langmuir식(式)에 잘 부합되었으며, 이들의 최대흡착량(最大吸着量) 및 흡착(吸着)에너지는 무정형(無晶型) 수산화물(水酸化物)이 결정형(結晶型) 수산화물(水酸化物)보다 또 알루미늄 수산화물(水酸化物)이 철수산화물(鐵水酸化物)보다 많았다. 2. 중금속(重金屬)ion별(別) 최대흡착량(最大吸着量) 및 흡착(吸着)에너지는 Cu>Zn>Cd의 순(順)으로 CEC, 비표면적(比表面積) 및 하전밀도(荷電密度)와 정(正)의 상관(相關)이 인정(認定)되었다. 3. Goethite 및 Gibbsite에 의한 중금속(重金屬)ion들의 첫번째 흡착(吸着) mechanism은 $Cl^-$를 수반하는 nonspecific adsorption으로 1 Mole의 중금속(重金屬)ion이 흡착(吸着)되는데 대하여 표면(表面) aquo group이나 hydroxo group으로 부터 1 Mole의 H가 탈착(脫着)되었으며, 회응비율(灰應比率)은 pH가 증가(增加)할수록 감소(減少)되고 흡착(吸着)된 중금속(重金屬)ion들은 치환성양(置煥性陽)ion에 의하여 재치환(再置換)될 수 있었다. 4. Goethite 및 Gibbsite에 의한 중금속(重金屬)ion들의 두번째 흡착(吸着) mechanism은 $Cl^-$을 수반하지 않는 specific adsorption으로 1 Mole의 중금속(重金屬)ion이 흡착(吸着)되는데 대하여 표면(表面) aquo group이나 hydroxo group으로부터 2 Mole의 $H^+$가 탈착(脫着)되었으며. 흡착반응(吸着反應)의 비율(比率)은 pH가 증가(增加)할수록 증가(增加)되었으며 흡착(吸着)된 중금속(重金屬)들은 置換性 陽ion에 의하여 再置煥되지 않았다.