• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2008

최근 구조물의 국부적인 손상이 전체적인 붕괴로 이어지는 연쇄붕괴 현상에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 연쇄붕괴에 관한 기존의 연구는 대부분 해석변수의 불확실성을 포함하지 않는 확정론적인 방법이므로, 해석결과에 대한 신뢰도를 알 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 재료의 항복강도, 활하중의 크기, 감쇠비, 탄성계수 등치 설계변수들이 기둥이 제거됨에 따라 발생하는 수직변위에 영향을 미치는 민감도를 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션, 일계이차법, 토네이도 다이어그램의 세 가지 해석기법을 적용하였다. 비선형정적 해석결과에 의하면 난수로 설정한 해석변수들 중에서 보의 항복강도가 수직변위의 변동폭이 가장 컸으며, 비선형동적해석의 경우 보의 항복강도와 감쇠비가 서로 유사한 변동폭을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.111-125
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• 2024

Recently, a lot of research has been done on the analysis of axial vibrations of homogeneous and FG nanotubes (nanorods) with various aspects of vibrations that have been fully mentioned in history. However, there is a lack of investigation of the dynamic internal resonances of FG nanotubes (nanorods) between them. This is one of the essential or substantial characteristics of nonlinear vibration systems that have many applications in various fields of engineering (making actuators, sensors, etc.) and medicine (improving the course of diseases such as cancers, etc.). For this reason, in this study, for the first time, the dynamic internal resonances of FG nanorods in the simultaneous presence of large-amplitude size dependent behaviour, inertial and shear effects are investigated for general state in detail. Such theoretical patterns permit as to carry out various numerical experiments, which is the key point in the expansion of advanced nano-devices in different sciences. This research presents an AFG novel nano resonator model based on the axial vibration of the elastic nanorod system in terms of derivation from large-amplitude size dependent internal modals interactions. The Hamilton's Principle is applied to achieve the basic equations in movement and boundary conditions, and a harmonic deferential quadrature method, and a multiple scale solution technique are employed to determine a semi-analytical solution. The interest of the current solution is seen in its specific procedure that useful for deriving general relationships of internal resonances of FG nanorods. The numerical results predicted by the presented formulation are compared with results already published in the literature to indicate the precision and efficiency of the used theory and method. The influences of gradient index, aspect ratio of FG nanorod, mode number, nonlinear effects, and nonlocal effects variations on the mechanical behavior of FG nanorods are examined and discussed in detail. Also, the inertial and shear traces on the formations of internal resonances of FG nanorods are studied, simultaneously. The obtained valid results of this research can be useful and practical as input data of experimental works and construction of devices related to axial vibrations of FG nanorods.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.185-199
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• 2009

Using a strain-controlled rheometer [Advanced Rheometric Expansion System (ARES)], the steady shear flow properties and the dynamic viscoelastic properties of $Antiphlamine-S^{(R)}$ lotion have been measured at $20^{\circ}C$ (storage temperature) and $37^{\circ}C$ (body temperature). In this article, the temperature dependence of the linear viscoelastic behavior was firstly reported from the experimental data obtained from a temperature-sweep test. The steady shear flow behavior was secondly reported and then the effect of shear rate on this behavior was discussed in detail. In addition, several inelastic-viscoplastic flow models including a yield stress parameter were employed to make a quantitative evaluation of the steady shear flow behavior, and then the applicability of these models was examined by calculating the various material parameters. The angular frequency dependence of the linear viscoelastic behavior was nextly explained and quantitatively predicted using a fractional derivative model. Finally, the strain amplitude dependence of the dynamic viscoelastic behavior was discussed in full to elucidate a nonlinear rheological behavior in large amplitude oscillatory shear flow fields. Main findings obtained from this study can be summarized as follows : (1) The linear viscoelastic behavior is almostly independent of temperature over a temperature range of $15{\sim}40^{circ}C$. (2) The steady shear viscosity is sharply decreased as an increase in shear rate, demonstrating a pronounced Non-Newtonian shear-thinning flow behavior. (3) The shear stress tends to approach a limiting constant value as a decrease in shear rate, exhibiting an existence of a yield stress. (4) The Herschel-Bulkley, Mizrahi-Berk and Heinz-Casson models are all applicable and have an equivalent validity to quantitatively describe the steady shear flow behavior of $Antiphlamine-S^{(R)}$ lotion whereas both the Bingham and Casson models do not give a good applicability. (5) In small amplitude oscillatory shear flow fields, the storage modulus is always greater than the loss modulus over an entire range of angular frequencies tested and both moduli show a slight dependence on angular frequency. This means that the linear viscoelastic behavior of $Antiphlamine-S^{(R)}$ lotion is dominated by an elastic nature rather than a viscous feature and that a gel-like structure is present in this system. (6) In large amplitude oscillatory shear flow fields, the storage modulus shows a nonlinear strain-thinning behavior at strain amplitude range larger than 10 % while the loss modulus exhibits a weak strain-overshoot behavior up to a strain amplitude of 50 % beyond which followed by a decrease in loss modulus with an increase in strain amplitude. (7) At sufficiently large strain amplitude range (${\gamma}_0$>100 %), the loss modulus is found to be greater than the storage modulus, indicating that a viscous property becomes superior to an elastic character in large shear deformations.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 등가 정적 지진하중을 받는 고층 벽식구조물의 거동을 파악하고자 탄소성해석을 수행하고 극한 수평내력을 평가하였다 해석 대상 건물로 현재 국내에서 분양되고 있는 두세대로 이루어진 25층 고층벽식 아파트 평면 형식을 선정하였다 3차원 정적 탄소성 입체 해석 프로그램(CANNY)을 이용하여 벽식 아파트 건물의 층별 초기 탄성강성 항복후 항복강성, 종국 내력 등을 평가한다 정적 탄소성 해석결과 해석대상 해석대상 아파트 건물의 항복내력은 설계용 등가 정적 지진하중의 1.6배 정도의 여유를 가지고 있음을 보여준다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to propose the proper fillet welding process for preventing the buckling distortion in thin panel welded structure. In order to do it, a heat input model for laser hybrid welding process was developed using FEA and experiment. The principal factors controlling the angular distortion and longitudinal shrinkage force caused by FCA and laser hybrid welding were identified as the welding heat input and weld rigidity using FEA. The predictive equations of angular distortion and longitudinal shrinkage force for each welding process were formulated as a function of the principal factors proposed. With the predictive equations, the buckling distortion at the thin panel welded structure with welding process was evaluated and compared using nonlinear buckling analysis and STEM(simplified thermo elastic method). Based on the results, the best way to prevent the buckling distortion at the given welded panel structures was identified as an intermittent FCA welding.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권4D호
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• pp.571-576
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• 2011

일반적으로 도로구조물들은 포화상태라는 가정 하에 설계되고 있으나 실제 도로구조물의 재료인 입상지반재료는 대부분 불포화 상태에 존재하고 있다. 이러한 부분을 반영하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 다져진 입상지반재료를 대상으로 삼축압축시험과 함수특성곡선 시험 결과를 활용하여 다양한 조건에서의 불포화 전단강도를 추정하였다. 이를 바탕으로 비선형 모형을 활용한 2차원 유한요소해석을 실시하고 Mohr-Coulomb항복조건을 통하여 항복하중을 규명하였다. 또한, 입상재료의 항복하중에 대한 도로구조물 표층두께의 변화에 따른 영향을 확인하였다. 해석 결과 입상지반재료의 불포화토 이론을 고려하여 포장 혹은 비포장 도로의 지지력을 예측할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2017

Time-dependent buckling of embedded straight concrete columns armed with Silicon dioxide($SiO_2$) nano-particles exposed to fire is investigated in the present study for the fire time. The column is simulated mathematically with Timoshenko beam model. The governing mass conservation equations to describe heat and moisture transport in concrete containing free water, water vapor, and dry air in conjunction with the conversion of energy are considered. The characteristics of the equivalent composite are determined using Mori-Tanaka approach. The foundation around the column is simulated with spring and shear layer. Employing nonlinear strains-displacements, energy methods and Hamilton's principal, the governing equations are derived. Differential quadrature method (DQM) is used in order to obtain the critical buckling load and critical buckling time of structure. The influences of volume percent of $SiO_2nano-particles$, geometrical parameters, elastic foundation and concrete porosity are investigated on the time-dependent buckling behaviours of structure. Numerical results indicate that reinforcing the concrete column with $SiO_2nano-particles$, the structure becomes stiffer and the critical buckling load and time increase.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.625-638
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• 2009

Applications of membrane mechanisms are widely found in nano-devices and nano-sensor technologies nowadays. An alternative approach for large deflection analysis of the orthotropic, elliptic membranes - subject to gravitational, uniform pressures often found in nano-sensors - is described in this paper. The material properties of membranes are assumed to be orthogonally isotropic and linearly elastic, while the principal directions of elasticity are parallel to the coordinate axes. Formulating the potential energy functional of the orthotropic, elliptic membranes involves the strain energy that is attributed to inplane stress resultant and the potential energy due to applied pressures. In the solution method, Rayleigh-Ritz method can be used successfully to minimize the resulting total potential energy generated. The set of equilibrium equations was solved subsequently by Newton-Raphson. The unparalleled model formulation capable of analyzing the large deflections of both circular and elliptic membranes is verified by making numerical comparisons with existing results of circular membranes as well as finite element solutions. The results are found in excellent agreements at all cases. Then, the parametric investigations are given to delineate the impacts of the aspect ratios and orthotropic elasticity on large static tensions and deformations of the orthotropic, elliptic membranes.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.373-393
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• 2018

This paper is concerned with the wave propagation behavior of rotating functionally graded temperature-dependent nanoscale beams subjected to thermal loading based on nonlocal strain gradient stress field. Uniform, linear and nonlinear temperature distributions across the thickness are investigated. Thermo-elastic properties of FG beam change gradually according to the Mori-Tanaka distribution model in the spatial coordinate. The nanobeam is modeled via a higher-order shear deformable refined beam theory which has a trigonometric shear stress function. The governing equations are derived by Hamilton's principle as a function of axial force due to centrifugal stiffening and displacement. By applying an analytical solution and solving an eigenvalue problem, the dispersion relations of rotating FG nanobeam are obtained. Numerical results illustrate that various parameters including temperature change, angular velocity, nonlocality parameter, wave number and gradient index have significant effect on the wave dispersion characteristics of the understudy nanobeam. The outcome of this study can provide beneficial information for the next generation researches and exact design of nano-machines including nanoscale molecular bearings and nanogears, etc.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.437-454
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• 2014

The influence of spacers on the behaviour and ultimate capacity of intermediate length CFS open section columns under axial compression is investigated in this paper. The focus of the research lies in the cross- section predominantly, failed by distortional buckling. This paper made an attempt to either delay or eliminate the distortional buckling mode by the introduction of transverse elements referred herein as spacers. The cross-sections investigated have been selected by performing the elastic buckling analysis using CUFSM software. The test program considered three different columns having slenderness ratios of 35, 50 & 60. The test program consisted of 14 pure axial compression tests under hinged-hinged end condition. Models have been analysed using finite element simulations and the obtained results are compared with the experimental tests. The finite element package ABAQUS has been used to carry out non-linear analyses of the columns. The finite element model incorporates material, geometric non-linearities and initial geometric imperfection of the specimens. The work involves a wide parametric study in the column with spacers of varying depth and number of spacers. The results obtained from the study shows that the depth and number of spacers have significant influence on the behaviour and strength of the columns. Based on the nonlinear regression analysis the design equation is proposed for the selected section.