• Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper was to examine acoustical characteristics of phonatory offset-onset mechanism in the connected speech of female adults with stuttering and normal nonfluency. The phonatory offset-onset mechanism refers to the laryngeal articulatory gestures. Those gestures are required to mark word boundaries in phonetic contexts of the connected speech. This mechanism included 7 patterns based on the speech spectrogram. This study showed the acoustic features in the connected speech in the production of female adults with stuttering (n=1) and normal nonfluency (n=3). Speech tokens in V_V, V_H, and V_S contexts were selected for the analysis. Speech samples were recorded by Sound Forge, and the spectrographic analysis was conducted using Praat. Results revealed a stuttering (with a type of block) female exhibited more laryngealization gestures in the V_V context. Laryngealization gesture was more characterized by a complete glottal stop or glottal fry both in V_H and in V_S contexts. The results were discussed from theoretical and clinical perspectives.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.2 no.1 s.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 1999

Transient flow inside a hollow shaft of a Gas Turbine engine during sudden engine stop may result in non uniform heat transfer coefficients in the shaft due to flow instability similar to steady Taylor vortex, which may decrease the lifetime of the shaft. In the present study, transient Taylor vortex phenomena inside a suddenly stopped hollow shaft are studied analytically. Flow visualization is also performed to study the shape and onset time of Taylor Vortices for various initial rotational speed.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.277-283
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• 2006

It is a world trend to construct large terminal and develop automated container terminal to attract Super Post-Panamax and provide service which is based on differentiation. In fact, there is insufficient research for automatization of terminal gate since the automatization of current constructed container terminal is only focused on increasing productivity and unmanned system through the automatization of quay, yard, etc. In this paper, we have investigated advantage/disadvantage of existing gate operation systems and compared each gate operation system in the aspect of raising terminal image and the productivity. For the specific study, we have used data from actual terminal gate operation and RFID model business sponsored by MOMAF (Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries). As a result, this paper carried out an efficient gate operation system and it has been expected that it will be performed as groundwork of automated gate operation system which is for design of container terminal and improvement of gate operation system.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.51-60
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• 2000

Non-verbal sound feedback, called earcon, has been used for portable digital electronic products to give appropriate information for the selected function. This study evaluated usability based on user cognition time, error rate, and subjective satisfaction using 20 male and female subjects. The study compared five major user functions from a portable digital electronic product with currently available earcons and the same functions from the product with the new earcons (suggested by this study) which considered user cognitive characteristics, such as loudness, pitch, melody, and length. For subjective evaluation, the study assessed various earcons by subjective impression of sounds using the seven-point rating scales. Major statistical results indicated that the new earcons significantly reduced user error rates and generally improved user performance functions, such as 'play, off, stop, fast forward, and rewind.'

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.144-148
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• 2015

An alternative description for the Gaussian image plane (GIP) of an optical system for a given object is presented, which applies to both aberration-free and non-aberration-free systems. We extend the definition of transverse magnification (TM) to the image plane (IP) displaced from the GIP and find that the TM depends linearly on the locations of both an aperture stop placed in front of the system and the IP. Hence, we redefine the GIP as the location at which the slope of the TM variance changes sign. The definition is deterministic and self-consistent and, therefore, no other parameters or measurements are needed. The derivation of this definition using a set of paraxial ray tracings and supporting experimental data for a thick bi-convex lens system is presented.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.748-754
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• 2006

Small Rapid Transit System(SRTS) will be defined fully automated urban transit system providing a rapid and personalized door to door transport service. Conventional forms of public transit require passengers to collect in groups until a large vehicle is scheduled to travel on predetermined routes. In contrast, SRTS offers personal transport with no waiting, and takes passengers non-stop to their chosen destination. This is a transport system which is as convenient as, or in congested environments more convenient than, the car, but with minimal environmental impact. Accordingly the foundation study of choice system size for development of SRTS

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.771-778
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• 2007

A container terminal gate is not only an entrance of containers, but also the first input point of containers' information. Therefore, to achieve the accuracy of container information, there are various containers' numbers recognition methods used. Gate productivity can significantly vary depending upon those recognition methods. Recently, RFID which is one of the u-IT businesses run by the Korean government is under consideration for application to the gate as an automatic system. If RFID is used, it is expected to have both the qualitative benefits through avoiding defects of other systems and the quantitative benefits by improving productivity. Hence, this study aims to provide some insight on the benefits of RFID, and to compare productivity of the existing gate system with the RFID gate system based on computer simulation.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.17-19
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• 2003

Electric arc furnace has consumed plenty of power. Hence electric arc furnace can be expected to use for demand side management. When electric arc furnace use for demand side management, electric arc furnace frequently occur a starting and a stop. Electric arc furnace irregularity change consumption of power. Due to character of time-varing and non-linear, electirc arc furnace has a problem with voltage quality(flicker, harmonics). Producted harmonic in electric art furnace is different any harmonic source because of electric arc furnace peculiar operating. Accordingly, analysis for generated harmonic in electric arc furnace operating is demanded. This paper analyze effect of harmonic by arc furnace operating.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.193-228
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• 2022

This study investigates the production and perception of Vietnamese tones by Japanese, Lao, and Taiwanese second language (L2) learners [n=30], comparing their performance in an Imitation task to that of Identification and Read-Aloud tasks. The results show that the Imitation task is generally easier for L2 speakers than the Identification and Read-Aloud tasks, suggesting that imitation is performed without some of the skills required by the other two tasks. It is also found that Lao and Taiwanese speakers outperform Japanese speakers, suggesting that prior experience with one tone language facilitates the acquisition of tone in another language. The result on speakers' tonal range show that L2 leaners have significantly narrower tonal F0 range than control Vietnamese speakers [n=11]. The results of error pattern analysis and tonal transcription also suggest that non-modal voice (glottal stop and creakiness) and contour tones (bidirectional fall-rise) are more difficult for L2 learners than modal voice tones (e.g., unidirectional contours: rising, falling, and level).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.403-411
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• 2016

Recently, the number of occurrences of inundation and the severity of flood damage has increased rapidly as the frequency of localized heavy rainfall and the ratio of impervious area increased in urban areas. Most local governments focus on employing structural measures (e.g., the construction of detention reservoirs/pump stations, rehabilitation of drainage and sewer pipes) to prevent urban inundation. On the other hand, the effectiveness of implementing such structural measures is being dimished because there are already many inundation prevention facilities. The limitation of structural measures can be overcoming by employing non-structure measures, such as flood alerts and the operation of drainage facilities. This study suggests the pump operation rule (i.e., suggesting pump stop level) for a new detention reservoir operating method, which triggers the operation of a pump based on the water level at the monitoring node in urban drainage system. In the new reservoir operation, a total of 48 rainfall events are generated by the Huff distribution for determining the proper pump stop level. First, the generated rainfall events are distributed as frequencies, quartiles, and durations. The averaged system resilience value was determined to range from 1.2 m to 1.5 m is based on the rainfall-runoff simulation with rainfall generated by the Huff distribution. In this range, 1.2 m was identified considering the safety factor of 1.25 by the Standard on sewer facilities in 2011.