• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.8B
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• pp.683-690
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• 2003

In this paper we present a theoretical framework for the network design with delay QoS guarantee to a voice at the packet level. Especially, we propose a method for estimating the bandwidth at the ingress edge routers accommodating the voice connections and data sessions in the next-generation If network. First, we describe network architecture for VoIP (Voice over IP) services in the NGN (Next Generation Network). After that, we propose a procedure for dimensioning the bandwidth at the output port of a router that accommodates voice and data traffic using the non-preemptive queuing system with strict priority service scheme. Via numerical experiments we illustrate the implication of the proposition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.109-111
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• 2001

경성 실시간 태스크에서 마감시간 보장이 매우 중요한 문제이며 이를 보장하지 못할 시 인명피해 등 막대한 손실을 발생시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 경성 실시간 태스크의 설계 시 마감시간을 보장을 위한 비선점형 정적 테이블 기반 스케줄러를 설계한다. 이 방법은 경성 실시간 스케줄러가 비선점형 스케줄링을 사용함으로써, I/O 스케줄링과 같이 선점이 불가능한 작업을 선점함으로써 발생할 수 있는 문제를 해결할 수 있고, 작업을 선점하지 않으므로 선점을 할 경우 발생할 수 있는 오버헤드 등을 줄일 수 있다. 또한 정적 스케줄링 방법을 이용하여 실행시간 오버헤드를 최소화 할 수 있다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.60.3-60
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• 2001

Usually the static scheduling algorithms such as DMS(Deadline Monotonic Scheduling) or RMS(Rate Monotonic Scheduling) are used for CAN scheduling due to its ease with implementation. However, due to their inherently low utilization of network media, some dynamic scheduling approaches have been studied to enhance the utilization. In case of dynamic scheduling algorithms, two considerations are needed. The one is a priority inversion due to rough deadline encoding into stricted arbitration fields of CAN. The other is an arbitration delay due to the non-preemptive feature of CAN. In this paper, an extended algorithm is proposed from an existing EDS(Earliest Deadline Scheduling) approach of CAN scheduling algorithm having a solution to the priority inverstion ....

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.670-673
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• 2009

TinyOS는 현재 가장 널리 사용되는 센서 노드용 운영체제이지만, 태스크의 실시간성을 지원하지 않는다는 단점이 있다. 이에 TinyOS에 실시간성을 부여하기 위한 다양한 연구가 진행되었다. 그러나 이들 연구는 TinyOS의 사용자 태스크에 대한 실시간성만을 고려하여, TinyOS 플랫폼이 제공하는 태스크가 포함된 실제의 센서 노드 작업에 대해서는 실시간성을 만족시키지 못한다는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 TinyOS에서 센서 노드 작업의 실시간성을 지원하는 새로운 스케줄링 기법을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 기존 연구의 스케줄링 기법을 센서 노드 작업에 적용했을 때 나타나는 작업 중첩 현상과 우선순위 조정 현상을 분석하고, 이를 효율적으로 해결하는 비선점형 EDF(Earliest Deadline First) 작업 스케줄링 기법을 구현하였다. 그리고 제안한 스케줄링 기법은 TinyOS의 이벤트 기반 비선점형 속성을 유지하여 제한된 하드웨어 자원을 가지는 센서 노드에 적합하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-2
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• 2023

As the industrial paradigm shift, often condensed as the "4th Industrial Revolution," gains momentum, there is a growing need to actively introduce digital healthcare into the medical field. The new administration announced its commitment to become a global leader in the biohealth and digital healthcare sector. To fulfill this pledge, preemptive policy leadership and attention from the government are required. The recent issue of legislating non-face-to-face medical care suggests that introducing digital healthcare goes beyond simply adopting new technologies. Incorporating digital healthcare involves changing the existing healthcare delivery process and coordinating the roles of stakeholders. To successfully change the structure of the medical industry, a mid- to long-term roadmap should be meticulously organized and promoted. Policy efforts are needed to resolve conflicts and lead to compromises through continuous communication with interest groups.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

As a result of climate change, non-point source pollution (NPS) from farmland with the steep slope during the rainy season is expected to have a significant impact on the water system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of furrow mulching using alfalfa and PAM (Polyacrylamide) materials for each rainfall event, while considering the load characteristics of NPS. The study was conducted in Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, in 2022, with a testbed that had a slope of 13%, sandy loam soil, and maize crops. The testbed was composed of four plots: bare soil (Bare), No mulching (Cont.), Vegetation mulching (VM), and PAM mulching (PM). Runoff was collected from each rainfall event using a 1/40 sampler and the NPS load was calculated by measuring the concentrations of SS, T-N, T-P, and TOC. During farming season, the reduction efficiency of NPS load was 37.1~59.5% for VM and 38.2~75.7% for PM. The analysis found that VM had a linear regression correlation (R²=0.28~0.86, P-value=0.01~0.1) with elapsed time of application, while PM had a quadratic regression correlation (R²=0.35~0.80, P-value=0.1). These results suggest that the selection of furrow mulch materials and the appropriate application method play a crucial role in reducing non-point pollution in farmland. Therefore, further studies on the time-series reduction effect based on the application method are recommended to develop more effective preemptive reduction technologies.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2011

The OPRoS (Open Platform for Robotic Service) framework provides uniform operating environment for service robots. As an OPRoS-based service robot has to support real-time as well as non-real-time applications, application of Windows NT kernel based operating system can be restrictive. On the other hand, various benefits such as rich library and device support and abundant developer pool can be enjoyed when service robots are built on Windows NT. The paper presents a user-mode component scheduler of OPRoS, which can provide near real-time scheduling service on Windows NT based on the restricted real-time features of Windows NT kernel. The component scheduler thread with the highest real-time priority in Windows NT system acquires CPU control. And then the component scheduler suspends and resumes each periodic component executors based on its priority and precedence dependency so that the component executors are scheduled in the preemptive manner. We show experiment analysis on the performance limitations of the proposed scheduling technique. The analysis and experimental results show that the proposed scheduler guarantees highly reliable timing down to the resolution of 10ms.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.177-184
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• 1976

As the organizational size of a military service or business increases and its management becomes complex, the success in its management depends less on static type of management but more on careful, dynamic type of management. In this thesis, an operations research technique is applied to the problems of determining optimal air traffic control rule and of optimal capacity of air base for a military air base. An airport runway is regarded as the service facility in a queueing mechanism, used by landing, low approach, and departing aircraft. The usual order of service gives priority different classes of aircraft such as landings, departures, and low approaches; here service disciplines are considered assigning priorities to different classes of aricraft grouped according to required runway time. Several such priority rules are compared by means of a steady-state queueing model with non-preemptive priorities. From the survey conducted for the thesis development, it was found that the flight pattern such as departure, law approach, and landing within a control zone, follows a Poisson distribution and the service time follows an Erlang distribution. In the problem of choosing the optimal air traffic control rule, the control rule of giving service priority to the aircraft with a minimum average waiting cost, regardless of flight patterns, was found to be the optimal one. Through a simulation with data collected at K-O O Air Base, the optimal take-off interval and the optimal capacity of aircraft to be employed were determined.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1301-1306
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• 2011

RTOS in the embedded system is a powerful tool for the design of multi-tasking. However, previous RTOS has large proportion in the MCU with limited memory. So it is difficult to apply RTOS. In this paper, I removed less frequently used features from the traditional RTOS, and designed lightweight RTOS that schedules and manages the resources with minimal code. I used techniques to obtain user memory using sharing stack, and to reduce the overhead at context. Considering ratio of kernel and applications, the RTOS designed in this paper is available on the MCU with more than 4KB of program memory.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.75-85
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• 2020

Purpose : This study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of cognitive impairment in survivors discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods : This secondary analysis study utilized data from a multicenter prospective cohort of post-ICU patients. We analyzed the data of 175 patients enrolled in the primary cohort who completed the cognitive function evaluation three months after ICU discharge. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale. The cut-off points for cognitive impairment were < 23 for face-to-face evaluation and < 18 for telephone evaluation. Results : The prevalence of cognitive impairment three months after ICU discharge was 32.6%. Significant risk factors for cognitive impairment were age ≥ 60 years (OR=10.52, 95% CI=3.65~30.33, p<.001), education < high school graduation (OR=2.53, 95% CI=1.07~6.01, p=.035), unplanned ICU admission (OR=4.01, 95% CI=1.45-11.14, p=.008), and delirium in the ICU (OR=4.33, 95% CI=1.08-17.23, p=.038). Conclusion : ICU nurses should use preemptive strategies to reduce post-ICU cognitive impairment of patients with risk factors. It is necessary to frequently assess and detect early delirium in critically ill patients, while attempting various non-pharmacological interventions.