• 복식문화연구
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.569-581
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• 2019

This study investigated differences in cosmetic buying behavior and personal characteristics between cosmetic involvement groups. Cosmetics buying behavior refers to reason for using cosmetics, use of information sources, selection criteria, place of purchase, use/non-use of cosmetics, purchase propensity, purchase frequency, purchase amount, and satisfaction with cosmetics. Personal characteristic contains pursuing image, age, residence area, job, and average household monthly income. Data was collected from 5-10 December 2016, from 308 females in their 20s using an internet survey. The analysis included descriptive statistics, t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and chi-square tests. The respondents were divided into two groups (a high cosmetic involvement group and a low cosmetic involvement group) according to the degree of cosmetic involvement. The results of t-tests revealed significant differences between groups in terms of reasons for using cosmetics, use of information sources, selection criteria, purchase frequency, place of purchase, use/non-use of cosmetics, and satisfaction with cosmetics. The results of Mann-Whitney U tests highlighted a significant difference in purchase frequency between both groups. The results of chi-square tests indicated significant differences in purchase frequency, purchase amount, pursuing image, and average household monthly income. However, no significant differences were evident in terms of purchase propensity, age, job, and area of residence between groups.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.665-691
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• 2011

The implementation of an place-based rural policy requires changes in the intra-governmental relations and between the public and private sectors and civil society. Over the past decades, Japan has been increasingly devolving and decentralizing public responsibilities and resources to sub-national government levels. There is assumption that such transfers produce more efficiency in terms of public management and create better conditions for economic development. At the same time, these transfer respond to new expectations of citizens and civil society to participate more closely in the democratic decision-making process. Coordination is also needed at the local level to integrate sectoral approaches, to involve private partners and to achieve the appropriate geographic scale. Local public and private actors join a partnership and pool knowledge and resources. This type of local partnership is characterized by the participation of different actors, including municipalities, sub-regional government institution and development agencies. The participation of private actors(private firms, cooperatives, associations, non-profit organizations, farm organizations, other categories organizations, etc,) is also important.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2021

The damage to non-structural elements in buildings has been increasing due to earthquakes. In Korea, post-installed anchors produced overseas have been mainly used for seismic anchorage of non-structural components to structures. Recently, a new cast-in-place concrete insert anchor installed in concrete without drilling has been developed in Korea. In this paper, an experimental study was conducted to evaluate the tensile and shear strengths of the newly developed anchor under monotonic load. The failure modes of the tension specimens were divided into concrete breakout failure and steel failure, and all shear specimens showed steel failure. In both tension and shear, the maximum loads of specimens were greater than the nominal strengths predicted by the concrete design code (KDS 14 20 54). As a result, it is expected that the current code can also be used to calculate the strength of the developed cast-in anchor.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.717-737
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• 2021

A theoretical energy-based model to capture the mechanical response of thick woven composite laminates, which are used in such applications as maritime or aerospace, to high-velocity impact was developed. The dependences of the impact phenomenon on material and geometrical parameters were analysed making use of the Vaschy-Buckingham Theorem to provide a non-dimensional framework. The model was divided in three different stages splitting the physical interpretation of the perforation process: a first where different dissipative mechanisms such as compression or shear plugging were considered, a second where a transference of linear momentum was assumed and a third where only friction took place. The model was validated against experimental data along with a 3D finite element model. The numerical simulations were used to validate some of the new hypotheses assumed in the theoretical model to provide a more accurate explanation of the phenomena taking place during a high-velocity impact.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2008

This study proposes a conceptual framework of in-situ vibration tests and analyses for quality appraisal of non-slender, cast-in-place piles with irregular cross-section configuration. It evaluates a frequency index from vibration recordings to a series of impulse loadings that is related to total soil-resistance forces around a pile, so as to assess if the pile achieves the design requirement in terms of bearing capacity. In particular, in-situ pile-vibration tests in sequential are carried out, in which dropping a weight from different heights generates series impulse loadings with low-to-high amplitudes. The high-amplitude impulse is designed in way that the load will generate equivalent static load that is equal to or larger than the designed bearing capacity of the pile. This study then uses empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral analysis for processing the nonstationary, short-period recordings, so as to single out with accuracy the frequency index. Comparison of the frequency indices identified from the recordings to the series loadings with the design-based one would tell if the total soil resistance force remains linear or nonlinear and subsequently for the quality appraisal of the pile. As an example, this study investigates six data sets collected from the in-situ tests of two piles in Taipu water pump project, Jiangshu Province of China. It concludes that the two piles have the actual axial load capacity higher than the designed bearing capacity. The true bearing capacity of the piles under investigation can be estimated with accuracy if the amplitude of impact loadings is further increased and the analyses are calibrated with the static testing results.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.233-255
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 조기개입과 교육 복지 의료의 통합지원을 통해 기회균등 효과를 달성하고자 하는 영유아통합지원 실천 참여자의 지역사회 실존적 경험에서 발견한 지역사회변화 인식을 보는 것이다. 연구방법은 연구 참여자 인식을 사진을 통해 공유하는 포토보이스 방법을 사용하였다. 연구결과, 본 사업 참여 전의 지역사회는 '무장소의 발견'(주눅 들어 웅크리고 살아야 하는 의미 없는 공간, 우리동네) 이었다. 하지만 영유아통합지원 실천을 통해 '다시 뿌리내리기'(You are not alone)를 경험한다. 이는 본 실천을 통해 '양육품앗이' 공동체 체험을 하며 지역사회 네트워크로 편입되어가는 과정이었다. 실천경험의 결과 연구 참여자에게 지역사회는 교육 복지 의료자원 네트워크라는 새로운 장소, 즉 '장소성의 회복'(내 안에 피어난 새로운 장소, 우리동네)을 경험하였다. 이에 본 연구는 저소득 빈곤지역을 대상으로 한 지역사회개입의 영유아통합지원 실천의 필요성을 제기하며 포토보이스 연구결과에서 발견한 지역사회에 대한 반성적 고찰단계, 재정착 단계, 장소성 회복 단계 등을 제시한다. 더불어 지역사회변화 실천주체인 '양육품앗이'조직의 중요성과 사회자본 형성 노력 또한 제기한다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2021

대다수 국가에서 공공도서관은 지역사회를 위한 지식정보 및 복합문화의 허브이자 만남과 소통을 위한 제3의 장소다. 근래의 공공도서관은 디지털 전환과 4차 산업혁명 시대에 부응하기 위해 디지털 기술을 이용한 핵심역량 제고와 서비스 확장에 주력하고 있다. 그런데 COVID-19 팬데믹이 발생한 이후 공공도서관에서 폐관, 재개관, 부분 폐관이 반복되자 비접촉, 디지털, 온라인 대체서비스를 제공하는데 모든 자원을 투입하고 있으며 향후에도 계속될 것으로 예상된다. 이에 따라 미래 공공도서관은 디지털 확장성, 복합문화공간화, 지식정보서비스 장소로서의 중요성이 상충되는 트릴레마에 직면할 수밖에 없다. 본 연구는 포스트 코로나 시대의 공공도서관 트릴레마를 담론화하고 극복 방안을 제시하였다. 미래 공공도서관의 지향성은 다중성과 다목적, 장소와 공간, 지식정보와 복합문화, 대면접촉서비스와 비대면 원격서비스를 아우르는 화이부동이다. 공공도서관의 본체는 손가락(디지털과 비접촉)이 아니라 달(지식정보센터)이다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.81-94
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• 2011

Buddhism that has arisen in India began to build the Stupa to enshrine body and Sari of Buddha as an object of worship. The stupa existed as a tome of holy leaders even before the birth of Buddha, which was called stupa or tupa in the Sanskrit and the Pali, the ancient language of India. The stupa was renamed accordingly in each Buddhism transmitted countries such as Ceylon, Tibet, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand and China and also reshaped according to their own formative style. But its original meaning and type are kept unchanged. The stupa was established in the 4 holy places including the birth place of Buddha, the place where Buddha found enlightenment, the place where Buddha preached for the first time, and the place where Buddha died. Thus, a pagoda to commemorate holy ancient places is called Chaitya, which became differentiated from the stupa in which Sari is enshrined. The stupa means Nirvana, the eternal body of Buddha, and also a place filled with teaching and preaching of Buddhism. It signifies the symbol of Buddha who escaped from the death and rebirth, to achieve complete extinction, i.e. parinirvana, and to reach ultimate eternal world, rather than simply means death. During the non-statue of th Buddha period, people built the stupa to embody Nirvana of the Buddha, and worshipped the tomb where body of holy saints was enshrined. On the other hand, they also sanctified memorial things such as tools that holy saints used, the Bo tree under which one achieved Nirvana, Dharma cakra that implied words, footprint that carried out mission work, and a way to reach to heaven.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.627-641
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• 2008

1949년 신중국 성립 이후 중국에서는 빈번한 행정구역 개편이 이루어져 왔다. 이러한 개편은 주로 '공소제도(共銷制度)'와 '호구제도(戶口制度)'에 기반한 '시관현제(市管縣制)'와 '현개시(縣改市)' 실시에 의한 것이었다. 이 글에서는 이러한 배경을 가진 중국의 행정구역 개편과 그에 수반된 지명의 개편이 소수민족지구에서는 어떠한 영향과 의미를 가지고 있는 지에 대해 검토하고자 하였다. 변경 소수민족지구에서 진행된 시(市)의 증가 및 그에 수반된 행정구역과 지명의 개편은 해당 지역에서 내재적으로 이루어진 인구의 증가나 산업화 및 산업구조의 고도화를 반영한 것이라기보다는 한족이면서 비농업호구를 소지한 인구의 증가를 반영한 것으로, 해당 지역을 보다 완전하게 중국이라는 국토의 일원으로 포섭하는 과정이었다는 점을 결론으로 도출할 수 있었다. 따라서, 신중국 성립 이후 변경 소수민족지구에서 실시된 행정구역과 지명의 개편과정은 '인민'과 '지역'에 대한 확인 과정이면서, 동시에 분류와 통제의 과정, 정체성의 해체와 재구성의 과정이라고 해석할 수 있다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.15-34
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• 2019

Today, there is increasing recognition of the importance of urban regeneration for better public places. Urban parks as a public area play an important role in harnessing its positive impact on people's well-being: where the standards and funding of/for the parks are getting worse. There is however less a focus on policy approach to park regeneration in the country. Neverthless, a few UK's cases of such innovative park management(PM) has shown successful park regeneration based on policy support. Therefore, the aim of this research is to draw policy implications by exploring a case of successful park regeneration. To address the aim, this research conducts an in-depth case study of 'Manor Fields Park, UK', digging into its PM structure and PM body 'Green Estate Ltd' in relation to relevant policy. The data is mainly collected by interviews including a group interview. The analytical framework 'Place-keeping(PK)' and its six dimensions are employed to determine the characteristics of MFP's PM structure. Resultingly, there is a significant shift in the approach to PM which stresses the principle of long-term and self-sustaining structure led by a non-profit organisation and strong impacts of policy. In this context, PK highlights significant drivers for parks regeneration particularly in terms of policy implications: 1)providing policy support to encourage non-profit organisations in PM, 2)extending community involvement in decision-making processes, 3)promoting income generation by community groups, 4)shifting public awareness of shared responsibility for PM, 5)completing regular park maintenance assessment by community groups, and 6)delivering low-maintenance approaches to PM. To support these implications, PM structure for successful parks regeneration does meet a holistic and multi-dimensional approach of place-keeping underlined by understanding policy contexts and rethinking current status quo of PM. Addressing these implications will shed light on urban PM in an era of austerity and ultimately contribute to improving people's well-being.