• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The study compared the satisfaction of the exercise program in a face-to-face and non-face-to-face manner with the same exercise program. METHODS: This study was conducted through convenience sampling for 57 seniors over 65 years of age. After conducting 30 minutes of the same exercise program face-to-face on the first visit and non-face-to-face on the second visit, a satisfaction survey was conducted. The survey data were processed statistically using SPSS 26.0 (SPSS Inc, IBM, USA). An independent t-test was used to compare the type of exercise program. The Spearman's Rank Correlation was conducted to correlate the satisfaction between cognitive function and education level. RESULTS: The overall satisfaction with the face-to-face program was higher than the non-face-to-face exercise programs. All three satisfaction items in face-to-face exercise programs were higher than in non-face-to-face exercise programs (p < .05). The main source of dissatisfaction in the case of face-to-face exercise programs was having a good relationship with people for face-to-face and a 'lack of communication' in the case of non-face-to-face. CONCLUSION: The elderly showed higher satisfaction in face-to-face exercise than in non-face-to-face exercise. This study is significant in that accurate satisfaction comparison was possible by conducting the same exercise program on the same subject for a relatively short time, and through this, the development of an exercise program was suggested.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.413-423
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• 2024

8주간 주 2회, 1회 30분 16명의 남자 대학생을 대면 운동 그룹 8명, 실시간 비대면 운동 그룹 8명으로 나누어 운동을 실시하였다. 종속변인으로는 신체조성과 체력을 홈트레이닝 실시 전과 후 총 2번 측정하였다. 자료처리는 운동 방법의 차이와 측정 시기에 따른 신체조성과 체력에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 반복측정 이원배치분산분석(two-way ANOVA with repeated measure)을 실시하였고, 사후분석으로 Bonferoni를 실시하였다. 그룹 간 변화량의 평균 차이를 비교하기 위해 사전-사후 차이의 변화량을 산출한 후 독립표본 t-검정(Independent t-test)을 실시하였다. 모든 통계적 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정했다. 8주간의 홈트레이닝은 대면 운동과 실시간 비대면 운동 방법에 상관없이 남자 대학생의 골격근을 증가시키고 근력, 근지구력, 심폐지구력을 증가시켰다. 또한, 대면·실시간 비대면 운동 방법간의 효과 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 실시간 비대면은 대면 운동과 마찬가지로 남자 대학생들의 골격근과 체력을 향상시키기에 효과적인 운동 방법이 될 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한, 이동이 불편한 환자들이나 노인들에게 적용될 수 있는 실시간 비대면 운동 프로그램이 검증된다면 대면 운동을 실시하기 어려운 대상에게도 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2021

Objective: This study is to investigate the effect of real-time feedback from the therapist on posture, muscle strength, pain of subjects with forward head posture based on a non-face-to-face complex exercise program. Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty healthy men and women in their twenties with forward head posture with a Craniovertebral angle of 52° or less were targeted, the final selection was made as 15 experimental groups who performed the non-face-to-face intervention program while receiving real-time feedback and 15 control subjects who performed the non-face-to-face intervention program without providing feedback. Six of them were eliminated, and a total of 24 were conducted as subjects. All exercise groups performed an exercise program three times a week, 30 minutes each, for a total of two weeks. Before and after exercise, Craniovertebral angle (CVA), CranioRotation angle (CRA), muscle strength, and tenderness threshold were evaluated. Results: Significant differences were shown in both groups in CVA, and tenderness threshold before and after exercise (p<0.05), and CRA, the left middle trapezius muscle strength, only in the experimental group (p<0.05). In the comparison of theamount of change between exercise groups, the group that received feedback on CVA, CRA and tenderness threshold showed a significant change than the group without feedback (p<0.05). Conclusions: As a result of this study, it can be seen that the therapist's real-time feedback is more effective in improving the forward head posture. This requires feedback from the therapist on posture correction during non-face-to-face exercise intervention.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2023

Background: This study was carried out to determine whether non-face-to-face physical therapy would have similar exercise effects to face-to-face physical therapy. Hence, we developed an approach for patients, unable to visit hospitals due to circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic, to conduct physical therapy comfortably at home. Objects: This study aimed to compare the effects of a face-to-face and a non-face-to-face physical therapy treatment on improving a rounded shoulder posture. Methods: The participants with rounded shoulders were randomly divided into a face-toface group (n = 15) and a non-face-to-face group (n = 15), and each group performed exercises for four weeks. The exercise program consisted of the bare hands exercise, Thera-Band exercise, and foam roller exercise. The participants in the face-to-face group came to a designated place to perform their exercises, and those in the non-face-to-face group performed the exercises at their own home using Google Meet (Google). Acromial height, total scapular distance (TSD), shoulder pain and dysfunction index (SPADI), and pectoralis minor thickness were measured. Data analysis was performed using the R Statistical Software (R Core Team), and a normality test was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Results: There were no significant differences between the face-to-face and the non-face-toface groups (p > 0.05). When comparing the differences before and after the exercises, both the face-to-face and the non-face-to-face groups showed significant differences in acromial height, SPADI, and pectoralis minor thickness (p < 0.05), and both groups showed no significant difference in TSD before and after the exercises (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study support the results of previous studies reporting that shoulder stabilization exercise and pectoralis minor stretching training improves round shoulders. In addition, this study revealed that both the face-to-face and the non-face-to-face physical therapy treatments had therapeutic effects.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2024

Purpose : This study was conducted to compare two non-face-to-face exercise interventions depending on whether mobile applications and wearable exercise aids are used to find out which interventions are more effective in improving senile sarcopenia. Ultimately, it was conducted to provide basic data for developing non-face-to-face intervention methods to improve sarcopenia. Method : In this study, 18 elderly sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia aged 65 or older were randomly assigned to the digital and self-exercise intervention groups. The digital exercise intervention group performed eight exercise programs with mobile applications and wearable exercise aids to record and manage the elderly performing the programs in real time. And the self-exercise intervention group performed the same program on its own as implemented in the digital exercise group. The intervention was applied for 8 weeks, and before and after the intervention, sarcopenia evaluation and physical function evaluation were performed. Results : In the digital exercise intervention group, arm muscle mass, skeletal muscle index, SPPB, 5TSTS, and BBS were improved, and in the self-exercise intervention group, grip strength, SPPB, 5TSTS, and BBS were improved. Conclusion : It was confirmed that both groups are effective in improving physical performance and physical function, the digital exercise intervention is effective in improving muscle mass and self-exercise intervention is effective in improving muscle strength. Therefore, this study proposes to apply intervention methods separately according to the indicators to improve and prevent sarcopenia, and also simplify the instructions of applications used to improve sarcopenia and to create an environment where users can be trained regularly on how to use it. And, In the future, studies for the development of devices to be designed to help non-face-to-face exercise interventions or studies on the differences between face-to-face and non-face-to-face exercise interventions should be conducted in terms of the effect of improving sarcopenia.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.225-235
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• 2021

Purpose: Since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread around the world, non-face-to-face services have emerged as the new normal. The functioning of children with developmental disabilities and cerebral palsy improves when parents, therapists, and institutions cooperate. We aimed to investigate the difficult environment of pediatric physical therapy caused by COVID-19, and grasp parents' perceptions of home exercise programs. We intend to design home exercise programs for pediatric treatment in the future and create a non-face-to-face pediatric rehabilitation service system based on our findings. Methods: The first survey was conducted on 30 parents who had children with cerebral palsy and developmental disabilities. It was produced after consultation with relevant experts and discussion with the research team, based on a survey conducted in a previous study. The second survey was produced by revising and supplementing the opinions of parents who completed the first survey and consulting experts. Thereafter, an online survey was conducted on 118 parents who had children with cerebral palsy and developmental disabilities. Results: 61.01 % of the parents reported that they were anxious or afraid for their children to be treated for infectious diseases. 83.90 % of the parents reported that the role of parents had increased. 50.00 % of the parents complained of a lack of skill. 85.59 % of the parents reported that they needed a home exercise program provided by the organization. As a non-face-to-face exercise management method, 35.59 % of the parents wanted a real-time video recording electronically mailed to them, and 34.75 % wanted real-time education using video conferencing programs such as zoom. Conclusion: The threat of COVID-19 has further emphasized the importance of social cooperation and management, leading organizations to enter a new era of non-face-to-face rehabilitation services. It is necessary to collect and systematize related studies to reflect more diverse opinions and improve the perceptions of therapists and parents.

• 미래기술융합논문지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 체간 안정화 운동으로 대면, 비대면, 자가로 실시하였을 때 정적균형과 동적균형에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 신체적으로 질병이 없는 건강한 20대 36명을 모집하였다. 대상자들은 무작위로 세 그룹으로 나뉘어져 체간 안정화 운동을 실시하였으며, 중재 전후 정적균형과 동적균형을 각각 측정하였다. 대면 및 비대면 그룹에서 중재 전, 후 동적 균형 및 정적 균형이 유의하게 증가하였다. 자가운동군은 동적균형 3방향에서 유의하게 증가하였으나 정적균형에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구 결과, 대면 및 비대면 운동이 체간 안정화 운동이 정적균형과 동적균형 향상에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 균형 능력 향상을 위한 비대면 운동의 사용 가능성을 지지하며, 균형 능력 뿐만 아니라 다양한 신체 능력에 대한 비대면 운동의 효과에 대해 추가적인 연구가 필요합니다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of videoconferencing-based telerehabilitation exercise program on the gait, knee function, and quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: Forty-eight subjects, who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the knee by the radiologic findings, history, and a physical examination, were assigned randomly to a Control group, Experiment group I, and Experiment group II. The control group did not perform any exercise program and were educated in understanding and managing the disease of knee osteoarthritis for only one hour. Experimental groups I and II were provided with an exercise guidelines book for knee osteoarthritis, and the same exercise programs were conducted by face-to-face visits and non-face-to-face using telerehabilitation for eight weeks, respectively. To verify the effectiveness of each exercise program, the gait speed, knee disability index, and health related quality of life were measured. All assessments were conducted twice before and after the intervention. RESULTS: The participants who underwent both face-to-face and telerehabilitation exercise programs showed an improved gait speed, knee function, and health-related quality of life. In particular, there was no significant difference between the telerehabilitation exercise group and the direct face-to-face exercise group in improving the knee joint function and health related quality of life. CONCLUSION: A these findings the telerehabilitation exercise program for patients with knee osteoarthritis can alternate or supplement the face-to-face exercise program. Therefore, the telerehabilitation exercise program should be used not only as a substitute supplement program but also as an intervention for various diseases.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.28-40
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to reduce loneliness through a systematic review by analyzing the effectiveness, composition and method of non-face-to-face services on the elderly living in the local community. Methods: From June 11 to 15, 2021, related papers were searched using six databases: Ovid-Medline, Ovid-Embase, Cochrane library, KISS, Koreamed, and RISS. Two authors independently assessed the quality of selected studies and data was synthesized. Results: Non-face-to-face services promoted loneliness and social isolation, social support and quality of life, other emotional responses, attitudes and usability, and diet and exercise. As the composition and method of services are being tried in various ways, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive service using ICT to provide systematic intervention to the elderly in the local community. Conclusion: Reflecting the difficulties in implementing face-to-face services due to COVID-19, it is expected to be used as basic data for developing comprehensive non-face-to-face services that meet the major needs of the elderly people and maintain the continuity of care.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.577-582
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• 2021

최근 AR, VR 및 스마트 디바이스 기술의 발전에 따라 피트니스 산업에서도 비대면 환경을 기반으로 한 서비스 수요가 증가하고 있다. 비대면 온라인 홈트레이닝 서비스는 기존의 오프라인 서비스에 비해 시간과 장소의 제약이 없다는 장점이 있으나 운동 기구의 부재 및 사용자의 정확한 운동 자세 유지여부, 운동량의 측정이 어려운 단점이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 단점을 보완할 수 있는 표준 운동 프로그램을 개발하고 딥러닝 기반 신체 자세 추정 영상처리를 통하여 새로운 비대면 홈트레이닝 어플리케이션 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 연구의 알고리즘 기반 어플리케이션을 활용한다면 표준 운동 프로그램 영상의 트레이너를 사용자가 직접 보고 따라하면서 사용자 스스로 자세를 교정하며 정확한 운동이 가능하다. 나아가 본 연구의 알고리즘을 용도에 맞게 커스터마이징 한다면 공연, 영화, 동아리 활동, 컨퍼런스 분야로의 적용도 가능할 것이다.