• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2016

Volumetric capacity metrics at cryogenic condition are critical for technological and commercial development. It must be calculated and reported in a uniform and consistent manner to allow comparisons among different materials. In this paper, we propose a simple and universal protocol for the determination of volumetric capacity of sorbent materials at cryogenic condition. Usually, the sample container volume containing porous sample at RT can be directly determined by a helium expansion test. At cryogenic temperatures, however, this direct helium expansion test results in inaccurate values of the sample container volume for microporous materials due to a significant helium adsorption, resulting significant errors in hydrogen uptake. For reducing this container volume error, therefore, we introduced and applied the indirect method such as 'volume correction using a non-porous material', showing a reliable cold volume correction.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 1997

This study was conducted to evaluate the personal effects of tobacco smoke and environmental tobacco smoke(ETS) by measuring the concentration of nicotine and cotinine in the urine. While 129 urine samples were being collected, Personal characteristics such as sex, age, number of years since a Person has been a smoker, average consumption number of cigarettes per day, and number of smoker in family were also surveyed. Collected urine samples were used for analysis of nicotine and cotinine by GC/NPD after Passing the extrelut column. In the urine of the smoker, the average contents of nicotine and cotinine were 5.38$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and 3.14 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, respectively. The average contents of nicotine and cotinine were 0.18$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and 0.07$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in the urine of male non-smoker, respectively. The contents of nicotine and cotinine in the non-smoker's urine were dependent on sex and age. On the other hand, the contents of nicotine and cotinine in smoker's urine were dependent on average consumption amount of cigarettes per day. Also, there was a direct relation between nicotine levels in the smoker's urine and the average consumption number of cigarettes Per day of smoker. The Possible sources of nicotine and cotinine in the non-smoker's urine seemed to be caused by food, beverage and En, Our results indicate that the number of smoker in family had no effect on increasing nicotine and cotinine contents in the urine of non-smoker.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2006

This paper studies the effects of the swirl for the variation of intake port configuration that is key parameters in the flow field of direct injection diesel engines. In-cylinder flow characteristics is known to have significant effects on air-fuel mixing, combustion, and emissions. To investigate the effects of the swirl flow, various rpm(250, 500, 750) and two different intake port were used. And to evaluate the swirl motion in the flow field visualization engine, steady state flow test was conducted. Helical port intake port and SCV(Swirl Control Valve) were selected as the design parameters to increase the swirl flow and parametric study was performed. In the case of non-SCV, intake flow rate and non-dimensional swirl ratio were higher than those of SCV for the swirl head type. So, we could strengthen the swirl in the flow field with the swirl head type and don't using SCV. From the results of steady state flow test, non-swirl head type has the most good advantage for intake flow rate, and also the flow rate could be increased by using the SCV slightly. The effects of the type of engine head on intake air flow capability are dominant with respect to the existence of the SCV. We could measure the qualitative grade of swirl by capturing the scattering signal of microballoon from ICCD camera in the visualization diesel engine.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.222-227
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• 2003

Recent advances in room-temperature, visible and near-IR diode laser sources for telecommunication, optical data storage applications are enabling combustion diagnostics system based on diode laser absorption spectroscopy. In contrast to some traditional sampling-based gas-sensing instruments, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy system is advantageous because of their non-invasive nature, high sensitivity, fast response time and real-time measurement capability. So, combined with fiber-optics and high sensitive detection strategies, compact and portable sensor system arc now appearing for a variety of applications. The objective of this research is to take advantage of distributed feed-back diode laser and measure the $CO_{2}$ concentration (by using direct absorption and wavelength modulation spectroscopy methods). In addition to survey spectra of $CO_{2}$ bands and spectroscopic parameters between 1565 and 1579 run were computed at temperatures between 296 and 1200 K (by using HITRAN 2000 database). It experimentally found out that the features of direct absorption and wavelength modulation spectroscopy methods.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.386-390
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• 2014

Purpose: We aimed to investigate whether visuomotor function would be modulated, when healthy subjects performed tracking task after tDCS application over the primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1) in the non-dominant hemisphere. Methods: Thirty four right-handed healthy participants were enrolled, who randomly and evenly divided into two groups, real tDCS group and sham control group. Direct current with intensity of 1 mA was delivered over SM1 for 15 minutes. After tDCS, tracking task was measured, and their performance was calculated by an accuracy index (AI). Results: No significant difference in AI at the baseline between the two groups was observed. The AI of the real tDCS group was significantly increased after electrical stimulation, compared to the sham control group. Two way ANOVA with repeated measurement showed a significant finding in a large main effects of time and group-by-repeated test interaction. Conclusion: This study indicated that application of the anodal tDCS over the SM1 could facilitate higher visuomotor coordination, compared to sham tDCS group. These findings suggest possibility that tDCS can be used as adjuvant brain modulator for improvement of motor accuracy in healthy individuals as well as patients with brain injury.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.219-224
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• 2003

Recently, the number of the use of Digital Photogrammetry is increasing, the Digital Photogrammetry is used for the acquisition of images, remote sensing and three dimension location. Especially, the three dimension location is more activated to use digital camera for the Digital Photogrammetry. The reason is that it is cheap and easy to use and also it has high confidence. Using non-metric digital camera not metric camera, in this research, to get images and apply the images to the Direct Liner Transformation which is one of the techniques in Digital Photogrammetry to get three dimensional location of a point. Ⅰ programmed the procedure with Visual C++ to get the position of points speedly and I tested possibility whether it can analyze the displacement and the existence of structure with measurement system which is structured by a inexpensive non-metric digital camera.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제29권B호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2009

A Doppler radar is a radar using the doppler effect of the returned echoes from targets to measure their radial velocity. To be more specific the microwave signal sent by the radar antenna's directional beam is reflected toward the radar and compared in frequency, up or down from the original signal, allowing for the direct and highly accurate measurement of target velocity component in the direction of the beam. In this paper, we designed the doppler radar composed of 10.5 GHz band DROs(Dielectric Resonator Oscillator), $90^{\circ}C$ branch line coupler, single balanced mixer and $4{\times}4$ array antenna of high gain, high directivity, for non-contact type hydrometer. Fabricated Doppler radar can detect slow moving objects.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.221-221
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• 2015

Sustainable use of water resource and conservation of water quality are essential problems in the world. Especially, problems of water quality are serious one for human health as well as ecological system of all creatures on the earth. Recently, the importance of total effluent load as well as the concentrations of pollutant materials has been recognized not only for the conservation of water quality but also for sustainable water use in watersheds. However, the measurement or estimation of total effluent load from non-point source area such as farm lands or forests may be more difficult because both of concentration and discharge of the water are greatly changed depending on various factors especially metrological conditions such as rainfall, while the measurement from a point source area may be easy because the concentration of pollutant materials and amount of discharge water are relatively steady. Therefore, the total effluent load from a non-point source is often estimated by statistical relationships between concentration and discharge, which is called as L-Q equation. However, a lot of work and time are required to collect and analyze water samples and to get the accurate relationship or regressive equation. So, we proposed a new system for direct measurement of total effluent load of water quality from non-point source areas to solve the problem. In this system, the overflow depth at a hydraulic weir is measured with a pressure gage every hourly interval to calculate the amount of hourly discharge at first. Then, the operating time of a small electric pump to collect an amount of water which is proportional to the discharge is calculated to intake the water into a storage tank. The stored water is taken out a few days later in a case of storm event or several weeks later in a case of non-rainfall event and the concentrations of water quality such as total nitrogen and phosphorous are analyzed in a laboratory. Finally, total load of the water quality can be calculated by multiplying the concentration by the total volume of discharge. The system was installed in a small experimental forestry watershed to check the performance and know the total load of water quality from the forest. It was found that the system to collect a proportional amount of water to actual discharge operated perfectly and a total load of water quality was analyzed accurately. As the result, it was expected that the system will be very available to know the total load from a non-point source area.

• 한국실천공학교육학회논문지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2011

우리나라의 공적개발원조는 큰 성장을 보이고 있으며, 특히 직업훈련학교에 대한 지원은 그 효익이 직접적이고 단기적으로 발생되게 되어서 수원국에 큰 효익을 안겨준 것으로 평가되고 있다. 그러나 공적개발원조에 대한 경제적 성과를 측정할 수 있는 모형이 없어서 단편적인 성과 측정에 머무르고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 개도국 직업훈련학교에 대한 공적개발원조 시 적용가능한 경제적 성과측정모형을 개발하고자 하는 것이며, 이를 위하여 재무정보를 중심으로 하는 ROI모형을 설정하고 여기에 비재무정보를 중심으로 하는 BSC를 접목하였다. 직업훈련학교는 그 효익의 대상이 명확하고 효익이 교육생의 졸업과 동시에 발생되는 특징이 있으므로, 비재무정보 보다는 재무정보 중심으로 모형을 구셩하는 것이 보다 목적적합하다고 사료된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.457-468
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• 2005

An experimental study on post-CHF heat transfer has been performed with a $3\times3$ rod bundle using a vertical steam-water two-phase flow at low flow conditions. The effects of various parameters on the post-CHF heat transfer are investigated and the reasons for the parametric effects are discussed. As the heat transfer regime changes from CHF to post-CHF, the radial wall temperature distribution is changed depending on the pressure and the mass flux conditions. The superheat of the fluid increases considerably with an increase of the wall temperature (or heat flux) and with a decrease of the mass flux. This implies, indirectly, a strong thermal non-equilibrium at high wall temperature and low mass flux conditions. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of the existing post-CHF correlations, it is necessary to perform more experiments, particularly direct measurement of the vapor superheat, and to modify the correlation by considering a strong thermal non-equilibrium at low flow and low pressure conditions.