• 대한수의학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.51-52
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• 2016

Hodgson's bats are critically endangered in South Korea. This study analyzed the concentrations of elements in liver, kidney, and intestine tissues from a Hodgson's bat found dead in the wild. The concentrations of essential elements followed the order Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Se in the three tissues. Hg was detected at the highest concentrations among the non-essential elements analyzed in the liver and kidney tissues, while As was the most highly concentrated non-essential element in the intestine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of tissue element concentrations in Hodgson's bats.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.653-659
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• 1995

We prove that two essentially normal elements of a type $II_{\infty}$ factor von Neumann algebra are unitarily equivalent up to the compact ideal if and only if they have the identical essential spectrum and the same index data. Also we calculate the spectrum and essential spectrum of a non-unitary isometry of von Neumann algebra.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.2650-2655
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• 2023

In the process of growth and development, plants not only absorb essential nutritional elements, but also absorb radioactive and non-essential elements from the environment, and their distribution varies in different parts of the plant. In this study, neutron activation analysis and gamma spectrometry were performed on stems, roots, and leaves of vegetables. The results indicate that the accumulation of radionuclides and multi-elements depends on the plant type and plant parts. Activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th in plants were accumulated in the following order: Roots > Stems > Leaves. The highest concentrations of ⁴⁰K and ²¹⁰Pb were observed in the stems and leaves of plants, respectively. Essential nutrient requirements of plants are in the following order: K > Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn. Among the nonessential metals, the concentration of Na in the vegetable sample was much greater than those of the other elements. The K/Na ratio in the plant depends on the type of plant and the translocation within the plant.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2021

현대 사회는 사물인터넷, 빅데이타 등으로 급속하게 발전하고 있으며 코로나 시대에도 발전하는 산업이 있다. 그러나, 교회는 코로나 시대에 발전하지 못하고 충분히 대응하지 못하고 있으며 교회의 존립 자체를 흔들고 있다. 교회의 본질은 예배, 전도, 교육, 봉사, 교제로 구성된다. 비대면의 안전을 중요시하는 코로나 시대에는 본질은 변화하지 않지만 사회적 책임감이 있게 교회의 본질을 구현하는 노력이 필요하다. 본 논문은 이러한 측면에서 교회의 5대 본질 요소를 중심으로 교회의 사회적 책임을 논한다. 이를 위해 교회의 본질적 요소를 살펴보고, 코로나 시대에 적합한 구현 방법을 연구한다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.803-809
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• 2000

For the effective analysis of an engineering problem, meshless methods which require only positioning finite points without the element meshing recently have been proposed and being studied extensively. Meshless methods have difficulty in imposing essential boundary conditions directly, because non-interpolate shape functions originated from an approximation process are used. So some techniques, which are Lagrange multiplier method, modified variational principles and coupling with finite elements and so on, were introduced in order to impose essential boundary conditions. In spite of these methods, imposition of essential boundary conditions have still many problems like as non-positive definiteness, inaccuracy and negation of meshless characteristics. In this paper, we propose a new method which modifies shape function. Through numerical tests, convergence, accuracy and validity of this method are compared with the standard EFGM which uses Lagrange multiplier method or modified variational principles. According to this study, the proposed method shows the comparable accuracy and efficiency.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.4057-4071
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• 2018

The software centered world following the fourth industrial revolution is rapidly approaching us. Countries around the world attach importance to software's ability as one of the key elements for training future human resources. In order to train software centered human resources, each university has designated Software Education as an essential curriculum for not only major but also non-majors. In the past Software Education was an education for a major, but recent Software Education was changed to the essential education that is necessary for all living in the software centered world. In the past the curriculum was focused on software development and implementation-oriented education, but recent curriculum emphasizes sequential arranging and thinking of problem solving. In order to reflect trends in recent Software Education in detail, we integrate Software Education with major concept of Computational Thinking. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of the main concept of Computational Thinking on Software Education for non-majored learners who received Software Education based on Computational Thinking (here refers to learners who major in humanities, social sciences and arts). In addition, research models of satisfaction, self-efficacy, and occupational change was established as the elements of Software Education, and it was found that there was a relation between Computational Thinking and Software Education.

• 경영과학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2005

The recent notion of Network Centric Warfare (NCW) emphasizes the ability to distribute the right information at the right time to maximize the combat effectiveness. Accordingly, in the modern combat system, the importance of non-physical elements, such as a communication system, is increasing. However, an NCW-support communication network system is expensive. Therefore, it is essential to develop a proper combat system evaluation method to establish an efficient NCW-support combat system. Traditionally, combat system effectiveness is measured in terms of physical elements such as men and fire power, Obviously, such method is hardly applicable to a modern combat system. To overcome this difficulty, we propose an evaluation model based on CA (Cellular Automata) simulation. A set of preliminary combat simulations show that CA simulation may be promising in evaluating non-physical element of a modern combat system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제68권5호
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• pp.591-601
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• 2018

Non-moment beam-to-column connections, which are usually referred to as simple or shear connections, are typically designed to carry only gravity loads in the form of vertical shears. Although in the analysis of structures these connections are usually assumed to be pinned, they may provide a small amount of rotational stiffness due to the typical connection details. This paper investigates the effects of this small rotational restraint of simple beam-to-column connections on the behavior and seismic response of steel braced non-moment resisting frames. Two types of commonly used simple connections with bolted angles, i.e., the Double Web angle Connection (DWC) and Unstiffened Seat angle Connection (USC) are considered for this purpose. In addition to the pinned condition - as a simplified representation of these connections - more accurate semi-rigid models are established and then applied to some frame models subjected to nonlinear pushover and nonlinear time history analyses. Although the use of bracing elements generally reduces the sensitivity of the global structural response to the behavior of connections, the obtained results indicate considerable effects on the local responses. Namely, our results show that consideration of the real behavior of connections is essential in designing the column elements where the pin-connection assumption significantly underestimates design of outer columns of upper stories.

• 분석과학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.346-353
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• 1999

For the non-destructive multi-elemental analysis of environmental and biological materials, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied for the determination of toxic and trace elements in a set of three Algae samples provided by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The analytical quality control was evaluated by comparing the analytical results of two standard reference materials of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Oyster Tissue (SRM 1566a) and Citrus Leaves (SRM 1572). According to given analytical procedure, the concentration of 15-25 elements including spiked elements such as As, Cd, Cr and Hg in Algae samples were determined. To identify and validate these results, a data intercomparison program using more than 35 analytical methods in 150 laboratories was carried out and the estimated statistical data are summarized. Result of INAA is favorable, therefore, it is illustrated that can be applied for routine analysis of essential and toxic elements in algae samples as well as analytical quality assurance.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2022

초고층 건물에서 수평변위 제어와 수직부재에서 발생하는 부등축소에 대한 검토가 필수적이다. 이러한 부등축소는 비구조요소의 사용성과 구조요소의 안전성에 대해 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 120층 규모의 철근콘크리트 주거용 초고층 건물에 대해 시공단계해석을 수행하여 각 수직부재의 부등축소량을 비교하고 콘크리트의 장기거동의 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 영향요인에 따라 축소량을 탄성축소량, 크리프축소량, 건조수축축소량으로 구분하여 검토하였으며 최대 절대축소량에 대한 지배적 요인을 분석하였다. 또한, 입주완료 후 30년에서 발생한 부등축소량에 대해 사용성 검토를 진행하였으며, 구조요소에 대해 설계단계와 시공단계의 부재력을 비교하여 분석하였다.