• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.821-827
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• 2003

The so-called boundary node method (or NDIF method) that was developed by the authors has been extended for free vibration analysis of arbitrarily shaped plates with free edges. Since the proposed method requires no interpolation functions. no integration Procedure is needed on boundary edges of the plates and only a small amount of numerical calculation is involved, compared with FEM and BEM. In order to explain tile reason why spurious eigenvalues are generated when the NDIF method is applied to free plates, the NDIF method has been considered for free vibration analysis of both a fixed string and a free beam. Finally, verification examples show that natural frequencies obtained by the present method agree well with those given by an exact method or a numerical method (ANSYS).

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권6호
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• pp.767-772
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• 2018

Recently, some meta-heuristic algorithms, such as GA(Genetic Algorithm) and GP(Genetic Programming), have been used to optimize CNN(Convolutional Neural Network). The CNN, which is one of the deep learning models, has seen much success in a variety of computer vision tasks. However, designing CNN architectures still requires expert knowledge and a lot of trial and error. In this paper, the recent attempts to automatically construct CNN architectures are investigated and analyzed. First, two GA based methods are summarized. One is the optimization of CNN structures with the number and size of filters, connection between consecutive layers, and activation functions of each layer. The other is an new encoding method to represent complex convolutional layers in a fixed-length binary string, Second, CGP(Cartesian Genetic Programming) based method is surveyed for CNN structure optimization with highly functional modules, such as convolutional blocks and tensor concatenation, as the node functions in CGP. The comparison for three approaches is analysed and the outlook for the potential next steps is suggested.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.375-387
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• 2005

This paper presents an application of parallel Genetic Algorithm-Tabu Search (GA-TS) algorithm to search an optimal solution of a service restoration in distribution systems. The main objective of service restoration of distribution systems is, when a fault or overload occurs, to restore as much load as possible by transferring the do-energized load in the out of service area via network reconfiguration to the appropriate adjacent feeders at minimum operational cost without violating operating constraints, which is a combinatorial optimization problem. This problem has many constraints with many local minima to solve the optimal switch position. This paper develops parallel GA-TS algorithm for service restoration of distribution systems. In parallel GA-TS, GA operators are executed for each processor. To prevent solutions of low fitness from appearing in the next generation, strings below the average fitness are saved in the tabu list. If best fitness of the GA is not changed for several generations, TS operators are executed for the upper $10\%$ of the population to enhance the local searching capabilities. With migration operation, best string of each node is transferred to the neighboring node after predetermined iterations are executed. For parallel computing, we developed a PC cluster system consists of 8 PCs. Each PC employs the 2 GHz Pentium IV CPU and is connected with others through ethernet switch based fast ethernet. To show the validity of the proposed method, proposed algorithm has been tested with a practical distribution system in Korea. From the simulation results, we can find that the proposed algorithm is efficient for the distribution system service restoration in terms of the solution quality, speedup, efficiency and computation time.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.556-564
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• 2004

This paper presents an application of parallel Genetic Algorithm-Tabu Search(GA-TS) algorithm to search an optimal solution of a reconfiguration in distribution system. The aim of the reconfiguration of distribution systems is to determine switch position to be opened for loss minimization in the radial distribution systems, which is a discrete optimization problem. This problem has many constraints and very difficult to solve the optimal switch position because it has many local minima. This paper develops parallel GA-TS algorithm for reconfiguration of distribution systems. In parallel GA-TS, GA operators are executed for each processor. To prevent solution of low fitness from appearing in the next generation, strings below the average fitness are saved in the tabu list. If best fitness of the GA is not changed for several generations, TS operators are executed for the upper 10% of the population to enhance the local searching capabilities. With migration operation, best string of each node is transferred to the neighboring node aster predetermined iterations are executed. For parallel computing, we developed a PC-cluster system consisting of 8 PCs. Each PC employs the 2 GHz Pentium Ⅳ CPU and is connected with others through ethernet switch based fast ethernet. To show the usefulness of the proposed method, developed algorithm has been tested and compared on a distribution systems in the reference paper. From the simulation results, we can find that the proposed algorithm is efficient and robust for the reconfiguration of distribution system in terms of the solution qualify. speedup. efficiency and computation time.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제5A권2호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2005

This paper presents an application of the parallel Genetic Algorithm-Tabu Search (GA- TS) algorithm, and that is to search for an optimal solution of a reconfiguration in distribution systems. The aim of the reconfiguration of distribution systems is to determine the appropriate switch position to be opened for loss minimization in radial distribution systems, which is a discrete optimization problem. This problem has many constraints and it is very difficult to solve the optimal switch position because of its numerous local minima. This paper develops a parallel GA- TS algorithm for the reconfiguration of distribution systems. In parallel GA-TS, GA operators are executed for each processor. To prevent solution of low fitness from appearing in the next generation, strings below the average fitness are saved in the tabu list. If best fitness of the GA is not changed for several generations, TS operators are executed for the upper 10$\%$ of the population to enhance the local searching capabilities. With migration operation, the best string of each node is transferred to the neighboring node after predetermined iterations are executed. For parallel computing, we developed a PC-cluster system consisting of 8 PCs. Each PC employs the 2 GHz Pentium IV CPU and is connected with others through switch based rapid Ethernet. To demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method, the developed algorithm was tested and is compared to a distribution system in the reference paper From the simulation results, we can find that the proposed algorithm is efficient and robust for the reconfiguration of distribution system in terms of the solution quality, speedup, efficiency, and computation time.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.190-193
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• 2004

Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is becoming more and more important in the deregulation environment of power pool and there is an urgent need of faster solution technique for on-line application. So this paper presents parallel genetic algorithm-tap search for the solution of the OPF. The control variables modeled unit active power outputs, generator-bus voltage magnitudes and transformer-tap settings. A number of functional operating constraints, such as branch flow limits, load bus boltage magnitude limits and generator reactive capabilities are included as penalties in the fitness function. In parallel GA-TS, GA operators are executed for each process. If best fitness of the GA is not changed for several generations, TS operators are executed for the upper three populations to enhance the local searching capabilities. With migration operation, best string of each node is transferred to the neighboring node after predetermined iterations are executed. For parallel computing, we developed a PC-cluster system consisting of 8 PCs. Each PC employs the 2 GHz Pentium IV CPU and is connected with others through ethernet switch based fast ethernet. To show the usefulness of the proposed method, developed algorithm has been tested and compared on an IEEE 30-bus system in the reference paper. From the simulation results, we can find that the proposed algorithm is efficient for the OPF.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2010

기존에 제안된 XML 레이블링 기법은 XML 문서 변경 시, 문서 내 노드들의 구조 관계를 정확하게 유지하기 위해 재레이블링을 수행하거나 한 노드의 레이블이 많은 정보를 표현할 수 있는 레이블링 기법을 사용한다. 하지만, 대용량 XML 문서 내에서의 재레이블링은 많은 비용이 요구되고, 많은 정보를 표현할 수 있는 레이블링 기법은 많은 저장 공간이 요구돼 질의 처리 성능이 저하되는 문제를 야기한다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 재레이블링을 피하고 질의 처리 성능을 향상시키기 위해 최적화된 저장 공간을 사용하는 비트-패턴 기반의 레이블링 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 비트-패턴 기반의 레이블링 기법은 노드들의 구조관계를 하나의 비트열에 표현함으로써 기존에 제안된 레이블링 기법들에 비해 우수한 성능을 가진다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제6권5_6호
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• pp.561-578
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• 2010

This study proposes a multi-level damage localization strategy to achieve an effective damage detection system for civil infrastructure systems based on wireless sensors. The proposed system is designed for use of distributed computation in a wireless sensor network (WSN). Modal identification is achieved using the frequency-domain decomposition (FDD) method and the peak-picking technique. The ASH (angle-between-string-and-horizon) and AS (axial strain) flexibility-based methods are employed for identifying and localizing damage. Fundamentally, the multi-level damage localization strategy does not activate all of the sensor nodes in the network at once. Instead, relatively few sensors are used to perform coarse-grained damage localization; if damage is detected, only those sensors in the potentially damaged regions are incrementally added to the network to perform finer-grained damage localization. In this way, many nodes are able to remain asleep for part or all of the multi-level interrogations, and thus the total energy cost is reduced considerably. In addition, a novel distributed computing strategy is also proposed to reduce the energy consumed in a sensor node, which distributes modal identification and damage detection tasks across a WSN and only allows small amount of useful intermediate results to be transmitted wirelessly. Computations are first performed on each leaf node independently, and the aggregated information is transmitted to one cluster head in each cluster. A second stage of computations are performed on each cluster head, and the identified operational deflection shapes and natural frequencies are transmitted to the base station of the WSN. The damage indicators are extracted at the base station. The proposed strategy yields a WSN-based SHM system which can effectively and automatically identify and localize damage, and is efficient in energy usage. The proposed strategy is validated using two illustrative numerical simulations and experimental validation is performed using a cantilevered beam.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2009

동적이고 자원 제한적인 무선 애드혹 네트워크 환경에서, 발행/구독을 위한 이벤트 라우팅 알고리즘은 네트워크의 성능을 결정하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 지금까지는 노드간의 거리 정보를 이용하여 네트워크 오버헤드를 최소화하려는 이벤트 라우팅 알고리즘이 대표적으로 사용되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 오버헤드 중심의 이벤트 라우팅 알고리즘을 기반으로, 구독되는 주제의 유사도를 추가적으로 고려하여 발행/구독 트리에서의 노드 부모를 결정하는 새로운 알고리즘, TopSim을 제안한다. 본 제안 알고리즘은 기반이 되는 ShopParent 알고리즘을 이용하여 네트워크 오버헤드를 계산하고, 이를 기반으로 부모 후보 집합을 만든 후 새로 가입하는 노드와 부모 후보 노드들의 구독주제의 유사도를 계산하여 이를 기반으로 부모를 결정한다. 그럼으로써 노드들이 다수의 구독 주제를 가지는 경우에 보다 효과적으로 네트워크 오버헤드를 줄이도록 하였다. 성능평가를 통해 기존의 네트워크 오버헤드기반의 알고리즘에 비해 제안 알고리즘이 네트워크 성능을 향상시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.947-970
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• 2015

An equivalent friction element is proposed to simulate the friction in cable-strut joints. Equivalent stiffness matrixes and load vectors of the friction element are derived and are unified into patterns for FEM by defining a virtual node specially to store internal forces. Three approaches are described to verify the rationality of the new equivalent friction element: applying the new element in a cable-roller model, and numerical solutions match well with experimental results; applying the element in a continuous sliding cable model, and theoretical values, numerical and experimental results are compared; and the last is applying it in truss string structures, whose results indicate that there would be a great error if the cable of cable supported structures is simulated with discontinuous cable model which is usually adopted in traditional finite element analysis, and that the prestress loss resulted from the friction in cable-strut joints would have adverse effect on the mechanical performance of cable supported structures.