• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2013

Ammonium dinitramide (AND) is one of the most promising oxidizers in propellants without chlorinated pollution to the atmosphere in these days. Potassium sulfamate (PS) is a key substance in ADN synthesis as forming nitrates such as $-N(NO_2)_2$. In this paper, potassium sulfamate as a starting material for ADN synthesis was prepared in a lab scale through crystallization with ethanol solvent, and observed the effects on the yield and purity of KDN. The prepared potassium sulfamates were analyzed using FE-SEM, XRD, BET and TGA-DSC. The lab-made PS, which was ground to $20{\mu}m$ showed more beneficial than a commercial product achieving high yield and purity of the synthesized KDN. It would be associated closely with crystallinity, porosity and pore size of prepared PS.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.191-198
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• 1995

In order to evaluate the distribution and behaviour of atmospheric particulate metals in high-altitude area, we collected 22 aerosol samples using a high volume air sampler at Soback Mt. Meteorological Observation Station from Jan. to Nov. 1993 and analysed for metals (Al, Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) with ICP/AES and ICP/MS. Although sampling site is located in high-altitude and far from local sources of atmospheric pollutants, enrichments of metals are 2 times higher than those of western coastal reural area. This fact may imply that of metallic pollutants in the coastal rural site were came from further western side (e.g. China), atmospheric metals in this study area contain the signal of metropolitan cities located in the main wind direction (NNW). Sea salts are negligible in the aerosol particle population because reference elements of sea salts (Na, Mg) are all originated from soil particles. The contents of soil particles in aerosols are highest in spring and lowest in winter. Atmospheric enriched elements (Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) are diluted with soil particles, especially during the yellow sand period. The results of factor analysis suggest possibility of interpreting their chemical significance in terms of sources (soil, pollutants) and gas-particle conversion processes (formation of ammonium sulfates, ammonium nitrates and/or their mixtures).

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.394-397
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• 2006

Hydrogeologic and hydrochemlcat conditions of two uncontrolled landfills without reliable underlying liners, leachate collection and treatment systems were compared. With similar weather conditions, spatial distribution and temporal variations of contaminants of concern and redox parameters were different for the two landfills. These differences are highly associated with ages and hydrogeologic settings of the landfills. Groundwater flow diverges from the Cheonan landfill while it converges to downgradient area in the Wonju landfill. Less permeable clayey silt layer or silty soil in the subsurface limited dispersion of leachate plume in the former landfill but highly permeable sandy soil with good lateral extent facilitated rapid plume dispersion in the latter landfill. In addition, hydraulic properties of the cover soil played a role in the different development of redox conditions, which resulted in significantly different concentrations of nitrates. Most problematic contaminants at downgradient wells of the landfills are ammonia and nitrate.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.445-449
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• 1999

소수성인 poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene]에 methoxyethylenoxy 측쇄를 치환시켜 친수성을 증가시킨 포스파젠 고분자를 합성하였으며 합성된 고분자를 다공성 polypropylene 지지체위에 dip-coating법으로 금속이온 분리막을 제조하였다. $Cr^{3+},\;Co^{2+},\;Mn^{2-}$이온 수용액에 대한 분리실험을 $25^{\circ}C$에서 $60^{\circ}C$까지 온도범위에서 행하였다. 치환된 methoxyethylenoxy기 중의 ethylenoxy의 반복단위가 증가할수록 이온의 투과특성이 증가하는 것을 알수 있었다. Trifluoroethoxy methoxyethoxyethoxyethoxy co-substituted polyphosphazene의 경우 $Cr^{3-}$ 이온이 $60^{\circ}C$에서 분리계수 4.5의 값을 갖고 $Co^{2+},\;Mn^{2+}$ 이온들로부터 분리가 됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2001

An optimum route to fabricate the ferrous alloy dispersed $Al_2O_3$ nanocomposites such as $Al_2O_3$/Fe-Ni and $Al_2O_3$/Fe-Co with sound microstructure and desired properties was investigated. The composites were fabricated by the sintering of powder mixtures of $Al_2O_3$ and nano-sized ferrous alloy, in which the alloy was prepared by solution-chemistry routes using metal nitrates powders and a subsequent hydorgen reduction process. Microstructural observation of reduced powder mixture revealed that the Fe-Ni or Fe-Co alloy particles of about 20 nm in size homogeneously surrounded $Al_2O_3$, forming nanocomposite powder. The sintered $Al_2O_3$/Fe-Ni composite showed the formation of Fe$Al_2O_4$ phase, while the reaction phases were not observed in $Al_2O_3$/Fe-Co composite. Hot-pressed $Al_2O_3$/Fe-Ni composite showed improved mechanical properties and magnetic response. The properties are discussed in terms of microstructural characteristics such as the distribution and size of alloy particles.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.229-236
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• 1998

Visibility is a good indicator of comprehensive alto quality. The prevailing visibility in Seoul is no better than the past although the average concentration of SO2 and TSP (total suspended particulate) has decreased quite significantly in the past decade, owing to the government efforts to reduce the emission. Then, a question arises why visibility has not been improved. In order to answer this question we have investigated which components of air pollutants are most responsible for the visibility degradation in Seoul. Analysis on the visibility vs the aerosol sixte distribution measured by an optical particle counter shows that the particles of the size interval between 0.5mm and 2.5mm are most responsible for the visibility degradation. Among the criteria air Pollutants, NOB concentration is found to be moot responsible, rather than PM10. ton analysis of the particulate collected by a high volume sampler shows that the nitrate component increases more significantly than other ions when visibility becomes very poor. Therefore, we conclude that the major causes of visibility degradation in Seoul are the increase of NOB, nitrates and the particles of the size range between 0.5mm and 2.5mm.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.197-202
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• 1994

Microalga, Spirulina platensis has been cultivated in a pilot scale photo-bioreactor to treat wastewater and to produce high protein feedstocks from swine waste containing medium. 0.31(1/day) of specific growth rate and 0.170 of bioenergeric yield were obtanined from batch cultivation in 30% waster containing medium, compared to 0.71(1/day) and 0.545 from clean culture. An optimal dilution concentration was decided as 20% of working volume, based upon the cell growth and biomass productivity. The removal rate of nitrates in the wastewater was decreased as the adding concentration of wastewater was increased while the decrease of total phosphates was reversed, showing 0.33(1/day) and 0.30(1/day) of rate constants for nitrate removal in 10% addition and for phosphate removal in 30% addition, respectively. The chemical composition and amino acid profile of the biomass were superior to those of commerically available health food product, Spirulina sp.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.15
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• pp.116-119
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• 2002

A different route to the synthesis of $Eu^{3+}$ - activated matrices such as $YAlO_{3}$ and $GdAlO_{3}$ and luminiscent properties of these compounds, were studied. The new route (Combustion method) consist of the redox reactions between the respective metal nitrates and urea in a preheated furnace at ${500^{\circ}C}$. The Phosphor thus obtained were then heated at ${1000^{\circ}C}$ for 2-3 hours to get better luminiscent properties. The incorporation of $Eu^{3+}$ activator in these phosphors were checked by luminiscence investigations. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were carried out to understand surface morphological features and the particle size. X-ray energy dispersive analysis (EDAX) was also performed for the qualitative analysis of the phosphors.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.503-507
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• 2005

Microstructure and wear behavior of A1203-based nanocomposites with Cu and Ni-Co dispersions were investigated. $Al_2O_3/Cu$ and $Al_2O_3/Ni-Co$ nanocomposites were fabricated by hydrogen reduction and sintering method using metal oxide and metal nitrates. The nanocomposites showed increased mechanical properties compared with monolithic $Al_2O_3$. In particular, high toughness and hardness were measured for the $Al_2O_3/Ni-Co$ nanocomposite consolidated by spark plasma sintering. A minimum value of wear coefficient comparable to the monolithic $Al_2O_3$ was obtained for $Al_2O_3/Ni-Co$ nanocomposite. Wear behavior is discussed in terms of microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocomposites

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 1999

HF purification performance of an ion exchange membrane(IEM) was evaluated with 0.5% HF spiked with 10ppb of Fe, Ni and Cu nitrates. The result show that after less than five turnovers through an IEM, the metallic impurity concentration drops below 1ppb. The decrease rate can be fitted to a model assuming the experimental tanks to be continuously stirred tank reaction and that the metallic impurity concentration after the IEM is a function of the single-pass purification efficiency of the membrane, the concentration before purification and the metals desorbed form the IEM. The Concentration after purification was investigated up to a cumulative Fe loading of 300ppb in the 23 liter recirculated loop. It increases linearly vs. cumulative loading and can be explained by the Langmuir theory resulting in a purification efficiency at the equilibrium of close to 99.5% in this loading regime.