• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2000

본 연구에서는 초 중등 학생들의 눈금 읽기 능력과 측정도구의 용도 및 단위에 대한 개념을 조사했다. 초등학생 72명, 중1 학생 69명, 중3 학생 80명의 학생을 대상으로 수행 평가 및 지필 평가를 실시했다. 눈금읽기 능력을 평가하기 위해서 개별 수행 평가를 실시했는데, 학생 개개인은 서류 봉투의 가로 세로 길이, 물의 온도, 물의 부피 등을 실험실에서 주로 사용하는 주어진 측정 도구를 사용하여 측정했다. 측정 도구 및 단위와 관련된 개념을 평가하기 위해서는 그림과 사진이 그려진 질문지를 사용했다. 눈금 읽기 능력 면에서 각 학년마다 적지 않은 측정오차를 내는 학생이 있음이 드러났으며 특히 질량이나 부피 측정의 경우 그 수가 더욱 증가했다. 측정 도구에 대한 학생의 개념 조사 결과 학생들은 물리량 개념이 정확하지가 않아 측정 도구가 측정할 수 있는 물리량을 제대로 지적하지 못했다. 또한 단위에 대해서도 혼동이 있어서 특히 질량, 무게, 부피나 힘의 단위 등을 어려워하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.3587-3592
• /
• 2014

Burden of cancer is progressively increasing in developing countries like India which has also led to a steep rise in toxicity due to anti-cancer therapy. A cross-sectional analysis was here conducted for patients with different malignancies (except leukaemia) who while undergoing radical anti-cancer therapy were admitted to our oncology ward from January-July 2013. In a total of 280 patients, the total number of toxicity events was 473. Nine patients expired over this time period. Among the events, grade 2 anaemia the most common (n=189) while the most common grades of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were grade 4 (n=114) and grade 2 (n=48), respectively. Among the tracable microbial etiologies, gram negative bacteria were the most commonly found pathogens. Treatment interruptions took place in 240 patients (median duration=8.8 days). Prolonged hospital admission, intensive care and artificial ventilation support was needed to be given in 48, 7 and 13 patients respectively. Advanced NSCLC, KPS <70, pancytopenia and artificial ventilation requirement were found to have a significant impact on death. Such studies show the prevailing practice from institutes of our country and may guide us formulating a guideline for managing such toxicities for this part of the world.

• 대한세포병리학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2002

Papillary immature metaplasia (PIM) of the uterine cervix (Immature condyloma) is a subset of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) which is frequently associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) types 6 and 11. The histologic features of PIM include filiform papillae lined by evenly spaced immature metaplastic-type cells with frequent nucleoli, mild anisokaryosis, and a low mitotic index. To characterize the cytologic changes associated with PIM, we analyzed 14 cases of PIM from our file. We reviewed biopsy slides and the cervicovaginal smears taken proximate to the time of blopsy. Histologically, nine cases had either flat condyloma (7 cases) or high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (2 cases). Cytologic changes included cells in various stages of maturation with karyomegaly (14 cases), cells with irregularities in the nuclear membrane (13 cases), intermediate cells with karyomegaly(13 cases), cells with binucleatlon (13 cases), and aborted koliocytes (11 cases) Cervicovaginal smears from all cases were interpreted as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), NOS or ASCUS, rule out squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) or LSIL in two cases with flat condyloma or HSIL in a case with severe dysplasia. PIM is a distinct histologic entity that can present with a spectrum of cytologic findings, but cytologic findings may resemble variable reactive conditions and immature HSIL. Therefore, it is difficult to diagnose PIM by cytology alone. However, the meticulous efforts for making the cytologic diagnoses which can Induce active management of patients are recommended because PIM is a variant of LSIL and frequently has a flat condyloma or HSIL.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.32-39
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine which factors contribute to the surgical treatment outcomes of acetabular fractures. Simultaneously, we aim to report on the treatment results after our hospital was designated as the focused training center for trauma. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who experienced acetabular fractures from January 1, 2014 to May 1, 2017 and visited our hospital. Patients who had associated pelvic ring fractures or were lost to the one-year follow-up were excluded; a total of 37 fractures were evaluated. We evaluated the clinical results using the scoring system of Merle $d^{\prime}Aubign\acute{e}$ (MDA) and grade of Brooker for heterotopic ossification. Results: Thirty-seven patients (31 men and 6 women) were identified. The mean injury severity score (ISS) was 8.7, with 32.4% of patients having a score >15. The average blood transfusion in the first 24 hours was 0.54 pints. Falling was the most common injury mechanism (32.4%). Chest injury was the most common associated injury (16.2%), followed by head injury (13.5%). The posterior wall and both column fracture were the most common (37.8%) fracture patterns. Excellent and good clinical grades of MDA included 28 patients (75.6%) and fair and poor grades included nine (24.3%), respectively. Four patients were diagnosed with a post-operative infection (10.8%); one out of four patients who had co-morbidity died (2.7%), and another patient underwent a replacement surgery (2.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that age and operation time were associated with MDA. In addition, operation time and ISS were significant co-factors of the Brooker grade. Conclusions: Korea University Guro Hospital showed similar treatment results of acetabular fractures compared to other publications. The age and operation time were co-factors of the clinical outcome of this fracture. Additionally, increased operation time and injury severity score were suggested to increase the Brooker grade.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.249-258
• /
• 1993

1983년 3월부터 1989년 12월까지 가톨릭의과대학 강남성모병원 치료방사선과에서 뇌교종으로 방사선치료를 받은 환자 90명을 대상으로 방사선치료 성적 및 생존률에 영향을 미치는 예후인자들의 후향적 분석조사를 실시하였다. 대상환자의 연령분포는 3세에서 69세였으며(중앙값 42세), 남녀비는 60:36이었고, 임상주증상은 두통 및 $(67\%)$ 운동신경 마비 $(54\%)$였다. 조직학적 진단방법 및 수술은 생검 21명 $(22\%)$, 부분절제 21명 $(22\%)$, 아전절제 29명 $(30\%)$, 전절제 14명 $(15\%)$이였고, 뇌간을 침습한 환자 12명중 11명은 조직검사를 시행하지 않았다. 조직학적 분류는 성상세포종이 64명 (75\%)$으로 가장 많았고, 회돌기교세포종이 17명 $(20\%)$, 혼합형이 4명$(5\%)$였다. 조직학적 등급에 따른 구분은 49명이 grade I, II 종양$(58\%)$이였으며, 30명이 grade III, IV종양$(42\%)$이였다. 전체 96명 중 64명 $(67\%)$이 수술과 방사선 치료를 병행하였고, 32명$(33\%)$이 방사선단독 요법으로 치료하였으며, 25명$(26\%)$의 환자에서 화학요법을 병행하였다. 전체환자의 평균 생존기간은 53개월이었고, 2년 및 5년 생존률이 각각 $69\%,\;49\%$이였다. 조직학적 등급에 의한 생존률은 grade I 종양의 5년 생존률이 $70\%$였고, grade II, III, IV 종양이 각각 $58\%,28\%,15\%$였다. 연령, 조직학적 등급 및 분류, Karnofsky performance status(KPS), 침습부위, 수술적 제거여부 및 제거정도, 방사선치료선량, 방사선조사야, 화학요법 병행 여부에 따라 생존률을 분석한 결과 연령 (p=0.0121), KPS(p=0.0002), 조직학적 등급(P=0.0001), 수술적 제거 (p=0.0240)가 유의한 예후인자로 분석되었으며, 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았지만 천막하병소가 천막상부 병소에 비해, 부분조사가 전뇌조사에 비해 높은 생존률을 보이는 매개변수로 분석되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권8호
• /
• pp.4119-4123
• /
• 2012

Background: Neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy is the accepted approach for women with locally advanced breast cancer. Anthracycline- and taxane-based regimens have been extensively studied in clinical trials and consequently are widely used. In this study aimed to research the complete response (pCR) rates in different regimens for neoadjuvant setting and determine associated clinical and biological factors. Methods: This study included 63 patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma among 95 patients that had been treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 2007 and 2010. TNM staging system was used for staging. The histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was characterized as a pCR when there was no evidence of residual invasive tumor in the breast or axillary lymph nodes. Biologic subclassification using estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 were performed. Luminal A was defined as ER+, PR+, HER2-; Luminal B tumor was defined as ER+, PR-, HER2-; ER+, PR-, HER2+; ER-, PR+, HER2-; ER+, PR+, HER2+; HER2 like tumor ER-, PR+, HER2+; and triple negative tumor ER, PR, HER2 negative. Results: Patients median age was 54.14 (min-max: 30-75). Thirty-two patients (50.8%) were premenapousal and 31 (49.2%) were postmenapousal. Staging was performed postoperatively based on the pathology report and appropriated imaging modalities The TNM (tumor, lymph node, metastasis) system was used for clinical and pathological staging. Fifty-seven (90.5%) were invasive ductal carcinomas, 6 (9.5%) were other subtypes. Thirty nine (61.9%) were grade II and 24 (38.1%) were grade III. Seven (11.1%) patients were stage II and 56 (88.9) patients were stage III. The patients were classified for ER, PR receptor and HER2 positivity. Seventeen patients had complete response to chemotherapy. Forty patients (63.5%) were treated with dose dense regimen (cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 and doxorubicine 60 mg/m every two weeks than paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 every two weeks with filgrastim support) 40 patients (48%) were treated anthracycline and taxane containing regimens. Thirteen patients (76%) from 17 patients with pCR were treated with the dose dense regimen but without statistical significance (p=0.06). pCR was higher in HER2(-), ER(-), grade III, premenopausal patients. Conclusion: pCR rate was higher in the group that treated with dose dense regimen, which should thus be the selected regimen in neoadjuvant setting. Some other factors can predict pCR in Turkish patients, like grade, menopausal status, triple negativity, percentage of ER positivity, and HER2 expression.

• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.347-376
• /
• 2021

지역적인 규모에서 식물자원을 조사하고 평가하는 것은 대상 지역에 대한 식물다양성의 보전을 위한 기초적인 정보이다. 그럼에도 관심도가 높지 않은 지역에 대한 조사는 충분하지 않다. 본 연구는 비교적 관심도가 높지 않은 한반도 중남부에 위치한 백암산(1,004m) 일원의 식물자원을 조사하였다. 총 9회의 조사를 통해 108과 339속 572종 12아종 49변종 5품종 638분류군이 관찰되었다. 환경부 지정 멸종위기야생식물은 1분류군이 조사되었고 한국고유종으로는 총 29분류군이 조사되었다. 식물구계학적특정식물종은 V등급이 1분류군, IV등급이 13분류군, III등급이 36분류군, II등급이 29분류군 그리고 I등급이 34분류군으로 조사되었다. 귀화식물은 총 38분류군이 조사되었고 그중 생태계교란 외래식물은 3종이 분포하였다. 백암산을 중심으로 서쪽과 동쪽에 분포하는 식물에서 차이가 있었다. 백암산의 정상과 능선 및 서쪽지역에서 멸종위기야생식물 및 보전가치가 높은 식물이 주로 관찰되었다. 분포하는 식물을 고려해 볼 때 낙동정맥 상에 위치한 백암산은 식물의 확산경로로 기능하였다고 추정되었다.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.288-306
• /
• 2015

This study analyzes the determinants on employment of 4-year college graduates. Data were collected from nine semesters from 2009 to 2014 totaling 4,176 engineering graduates of University ‘A’ in the capital area of Korea. Employment is analyzed on three levels reflecting the quality of employment such as total employment, preferred jobs and the top 500 companies. Eighteen variables were divided into four categories such as private attributes, curriculum activities, non-curriculum activities, and job preparation activities. The Hierarchical Logistic Regression Model was used. The results are as follows: top determinants included in each definition of employment are departments group, gender, employment program, and internship program. Also, grade points in major and basic courses were added as a result of curriculum activities. There is no statistical significance in household income, club activities and employment preparation activities. Also, the curriculum for major intensive courses and multi-majoring imposed by the university are not effective.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.119-125
• /
• 2017

The plucking season of green tea leaves is one of the important parameters that decide their metabolic diversity, quality, and prices. The effects of plucking sghlwleasons on green tea metabolites were investigated through metabolite profiling by $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy. The orthogonal projection on latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) showed clear discriminations of green teas by three different grades depending on plucking seasons: Ujeon, Sejak, and Jungjak. These results suggested that the nine peak groups could be used for diagnostics for identification of high quality Ujeon grade of green tea.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.132-146
• /
• 2015

To develop tailored elementary, middle, and high school textbooks suitable for understanding the nuclear energy and radiation, quantitative and qualitative research was carried out in parallel, which included nine steps to ensure the validity of content and structure. The elementary, middle, and high school students wanted to acquire information used in their daily lives, including the definition of nuclear energy and radiation, principles and status of nuclear power generation, and information about irradiated food, medical radiation, and radiation in life. In the evaluation of the effects of textbook contents according to the educational requirements of each school level, high suitability frequencies (>80%) were shown for the human character, education goals, curriculum goals, evaluation method, and education time. At some levels, the high suitability frequencies (>70%) were shown for the education grade, education type, and textbook type.