• 제목/요약/키워드: Nickel in-diffusion

검색결과 102건 처리시간 0.032초

라니 니켈 촉매에 대한 알칼리형 연료전지용 수소극의 전극특성 (Hydrogen Electrode Performance with PTFE Bonded Raney Nickel Catalyst for Alkaline Fuel Cell)

  • 이홍기;이주성
    • 공업화학
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    • 제3권3호
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    • pp.527-534
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    • 1992
  • Raney nickel 촉매를 이용하여 알칼리형 연료전지의 수소극을 제작하였다. $700^{\circ}C$에서 소결한 Raney nickel로 제작한 수소극의 경우 가장 좋은 전극성능을 갖는 $450mA/cm^2$의 전류밀도를 나타냈으며 이때의 평균촉매입자 크기는 $90{\AA}$이었다. CO-chemisorption 측정 및 분극곡선과 Tafel slope를 통하여 PTFE의 첨가량에 대한 전극의 전기화학적 성능을 고찰하였다. CO-chemisorption 측정 결과 5wt%의 PTFE가 첨가되었을 때 최고값을 갖는 것이 확인되었으나 전극에서의 전류밀도와 Tafel slope를 비교한 결과 10wt%의 PTFE를 첨가하는 경우가 가장 적당함을 알았다. Raney nickel제조시 nicke과 aluminum의 함량비는 60:40의 경우에 가장 좋은 전극 특성을 나타내었으며 담지량은 $0.25g/cm^2$의 경우가 적당하였다. 전극제조시 촉매층의 press압 및 촉매층과 기체확산층과의 접합시의 Press압에 대한 영향도 검토하였다. 또한 촉매의 표면 구조를 SEM으로 관찰하였으며 활성화시간 및 열처리 온도 등 여러가지 조건에 대한 전극의 영향도 고찰하였다.

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Sorbent Characteristics of Montmorillonite for Ni2+Removal from Aqueous Solution

  • Ijagbemi, Christianah Olakitan;Kim, Dong-Su
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.26-31
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    • 2009
  • Sorption of $Ni^{2+}$ in aqueous solution was studied using montmorillonite. The experimental and equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model. From the kinetics data for nickel sorption onto montmorillonite, the diffusion of $Ni^{2+}$ inside the clay particles was the dorminant step controlling the sorption rate and as such more important for $Ni^{2+}$ sorption than the external mass transfer. $Ni^{2+}$ was sorbed due to strong interactions with the active sites of the sorbent and the sorption process tends to follow the pseudo second-order kinetics. Thermodynamic parameters (${\Delta}G^{\circ},\;{\Delta}H^{\circ},\;{\Delta}S^{\circ}$) indicated a non spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process while the positive low value of the entropy change suggests low randomness of the solid/solution interface during the uptake of $Ni^{2+}$ by montmorilionite. Heavy metals such as $Ni^{2+}$ in aqueous bodies can effectively be sorbed by montmorillonite.

가공의치(架工義齒) 납착부(蠟着部)의 강도(强度)와 내부구조(內部構造)에 관(關)한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究) (An experimental study of the strength and internal structure of solder joint of fixed partial denture)

  • 박상남;계기성
    • 대한치과보철학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.39-59
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    • 1985
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate how gap distances of 0.13mm, 0.15mm, 0.20mm, and 0.30mm affects solder joint strength from gold alloys and nickel-chromium base alloys and to examine the composition of solder gold, the solder joint of gold alloys and nickel-chromium base alloys. The tensile test specimens were prepared in the split stainless steel mold with a half dumbbell shape 2.5mm in diameter and l2mm in length. 6 pairs of specimens of each gap distance group of gold alloys and nickel-chromium base alloys were made and 48 pairs of all specimens were soldered with solder gold of 666 fineness. All soldered specimens were machined to a uniform diameter and then a tensile load was applied at a cross-head speed of 0.10mm/min using Instron Universal Testing Machine, Model 1115. The fractured specimens at solder gold of solder joint fracture with each gap distance of 0.13mm, 0.15mm, 0.20mm, and 0.30mm were examined under the Scanning Electron Microscope, JSM-35c and the composition of solder gold, the solder joint of gold alloys and nickel-chromium base alloys was analyzed by Electron Probe Micro Analyzer. The results of this study were obtained as follows: 1. In case of soldering of gold alloys, the tensile strength between gold alloys showed $37.33{\pm}2.52kg/mm^2$ at 0.13, $39.14{\pm}3.35kg/mm^2$ at 0.15mm, $43.76{\pm}2.97kg/mm^2$ at 0.20mm, and $49.18{\pm}4.60kg/mm^2$ at 0.30mm. There was statistically significant difference at each gap distance, and so the greater increase of gap distance showed the greater tensile strength. 2. In case of soldering of nickel-chromium base alloys, the tensile strength between nickel-chromium base alloys showed $34.84{\pm}4.26kg/mm^2$ at 0.13mm, $37.25{\pm}2.49kg/mm^2$ at 0.15mm, $42.91{\pm}4.32kg/mm^2$ at 0.20mm, and $46.93{\pm}4.21kg/mm^2$ at 0.30mm. There was not statistically significant difference only between 0.13mm and 0.15mm and bet ween 0.20 mm and 0.30mm, but generally the greater increase of gap distance showed the greater tensile strength. 3. The greater increase of gap distance shoed less porosities in solder gold at solder joint fracture. 4. In solder gold Au, Cu, Ag, Zn, and Sn were composed and Au and Cu were mostly distributed uniformly. 5. In solder joints of solder gold and gold alloys Au, Cu, Ag, Zn, and Sn were composed in solder gold and Au, Cu, Ag, Pt, and Pd were composed in gold alloys. Au and Cu of solder gold and gold alloys were mostly distributed uniformly and the diffusion of other elements except Pt and Pd around the solder joint was not almost found. In solder joints of solder gold and nickel-chromium base alloys Au, Cu, Ag, Zn, and Sn were composed in solder gold and Ni, Cr, and Al were composed in nickel-chromium base alloys. Au and Cu of solder gold and Ni and Cr of nickel-chromium base alloys were mostly distributed uniformly and the diffusion of other elements except Cr around the solder joint was not almost found.

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미량확산분석법에 의한 청산의 정량법 (제2보) 혈액중(CN-Met Hb)청산의 정량 (Quantitative Analysis of Prussic Acid by "Micro-Diffusion Analsis." II Determination of Prussic Acid in Human Blood)

  • 심상혁;서정현
    • 약학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.47-49
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    • 1959
  • Another application of the new quantitative analytical method of prussic acid by "Microdiffusion analysis" for the determination of prussic acid in human blood was studied. The blood containing potassium cyanide was dropped in outer room of unit, and then N-sulfuric acid was added. The liberated HCN gas was absorbed into nickel sulfate solution of inner room, afterward, absorbed prussic acid was determined with EDTA by residual titration. The result was coincided with the result of Liebig Denigs' method at ordinary temperature.

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Physioelectrochemical Investigation of Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Saccharose on Conductive Polymer Modified Graphite Electrode

  • Naeemy, A.;Ehsani, A.;Jafarian, M.;Moradi, M.
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.88-94
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    • 2015
  • In this study we investigated the electrocatalytic oxidation of saccharose on conductive polymer- Nickel oxide modified graphite electrodes based on the ability of anionic surfactants to form micelles in aqueous media. This NiO modified electrode showed higher electrocatalytic activity than Ni rode electrode in electrocatalytic oxidation of saccharose. The anodic peak currents show linear dependency with the square root of scan rate. This behavior is the characteristic of a diffusion controlled process. Under the CA regime the reaction followed a Cottrellian behavior and the diffusion coefficient of saccharose was found in agreement with the values obtained from CV measurements.

Ni 삽입재를 사용한 마그네슘 AZ31 합금의 TLP접합 특성평가 (Characterization of TLP Bonded of Magnesium AZ31 Alloy using a Nickel Interlayer)

  • 진영준
    • 한국자동차공학회논문집
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.113-119
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    • 2013
  • The transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding was used to fabricate autogenous joints in a magnesium alloy AZ31 with the aid of a pure Ni interlayer. A $13{\mu}m$ thick pure Ni foil was used in order to form a Mg-Ni eutectic liquid at the joint interface. The interface of reaction and composition profiles were investigated as a function of bonding time using a pressure of 0.16 MPa and a bonding temperature of $515^{\circ}C$. The quality of the joints produced was examined by metallurgical characterization and the joint microstructure developed across the diffusion bonds was related to changes in mechanical properties as a function of the bonding time.

석출강화형 Ni 기 초내열합금의 천이액상확산접합 (Transient Liquid Phase Bonding of Gamma Prime Precipitation Strengthened Ni Based Superalloy)

  • 김정길;박해지;심덕남
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.52-61
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    • 2017
  • Transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding is essential technology to repair micro-cracking on the airfoil of blades and vanes for gas turbines. Understanding of the characteristics of TLP bonding of the superalloys is necessary in the application of the technology for repairing these components. In this study, the focus was on investigating TLP bonding characteristics of ${\gamma}^{\prime}$ precipitation strengthened Ni based superalloy. TLP bonding was carried out with an amorphous filler metal in various bonding conditions, and the microstructural characterization was investigated through optical microscopy (OM) and electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA). The experimantal results explained clearly that bonding temperatures had critical effects on the TLP bonding behaviors, and that isothermal solidication of the joints made at higher temperatures than $1170^{\circ}C$ was controlled by Ti diffusion instead of B.

니켈 표면처리공정에서 전류밀도 효과분석 (Effect of Current Density on Nickel Surface Treatment Process)

  • 김용운;정구형;홍인권
    • 공업화학
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.228-235
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    • 2008
  • 니켈 표면처리 공정에서 전류밀도에 따라 니켈의 전착두께가 증가되었으며, 증가폭은 $6{\sim}10A/dm^2$에서 저전류보다 높게 나타났다. 전류밀도를 측정하기 위해 Hull-cell 분석을 수행 하였다. 최적 공정온도는 $60^{\circ}C$, pH는 3.5~4.0이었고, 전해용액 중 니켈이온의 농도는 300 g/L 이상에서 농도에 따라 전착두께가 증가되었다. 전류밀도에 따라 용액 중 니켈이온 감소 속도가 증가되었는데, 이는 음극표면에서 니켈 전착 량에 따른 전착두께의 증가를 나타낸다. 그러나 전착속도가 빠를 경우 니켈 전착 층의 치밀성은 저하되며, 표면의 상태는 불규칙하게 변화된다. 니켈이온의 전착과정이 불규칙하게 일어나 조직의 pin hole 등을 야기해 표면특성을 저하시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 광택니켈 전착 후 25 h 내식을 유지한 결과, 낮은 전류밀도를 유지하는 것이 내식특성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 프로그램모사 결과, 전류밀도가 높아질수록 확산 층의 두께는 증가하며, 음극표면의 농도는 낮아진다. 농도분포는 낮은 전류밀도에서 고른 분포를 나타내었으며 이는 일정한 전착두께를 예측할 수 있다. 생산성 저하를 예방하기 위해 공정시간은 크게 변화시키지 않았으며, 전류밀도와 전착두께를 변화시키면서 공정변수를 조절하였다. 본 연구의 표면분석 결과 조직특성이나 내식성 등의 표면 물성이 낮은 전류밀도를 사용할 경우에 더욱 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

팔라듐 합금 수소 분리막의 전처리에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Surface Pre-treatment of Palladium Alloy Hydrogen Membrane)

  • 박동건;김형주;김효진;김동원
    • 한국표면공학회지
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    • 제45권6호
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    • pp.248-256
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    • 2012
  • A Pd-based hydrogen membranes for hydrogen purification and separation need high hydrogen perm-selectivity. The surface roughness of the support is important to coat the pinholes free and thin-film membrane over it. Also, The pinholes drastically decreased the hydrogen perm-selectivity of the Pd-based composite membrane. In order to remove the pinholes, we introduced various surface pre-treatment such as alumina powder packing, nickel electro-plating and micro-polishing pre-treatment. Especially, the micro-polishing pretreatment was very effective in roughness leveling off the surface of the porous nickel support, and it almost completely plugged the pores. Fine Ni particles filled surface pinholes with could form open structure at the interface of Pd alloy coating and Ni support by their diffusion to the membrane and resintering. In this study, a $4{\mu}m$ surface pore-free Pd-Cu-Ni ternary alloy membrane on a porous nickel substrate was successfully prepared by micro-polishing, high temperature sputtering and Cu-reflow process. And $H_2$ permeation and $N_2$ leak tests showed that the Pd-Cu-Ni ternary alloy hydrogen membrane achieved both high permeability of $13.2ml{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}min^{-1}{\cdot}atm^{-1}$ permation flux and infinite selectivity.

화염을 이용한 탄소나노튜브와 나노섬유의 합성에 미치는 촉매금속 및 기판온도의 영향 (Effects of Catalyst Metal and Substrate Temperature on a Flame Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials)

  • 이교우;정종수;황정호
    • 한국연소학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.27-33
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    • 2003
  • Synthesis of carbon nanomaterials on a metal substrate by an ethylene fueled inverse diffusion flame was illustrated. Stainless steel plates were used for the catalytic metal substrate. The effects of catalyst metal particles were investigated through $Fe(NO_3){_3}$ (ferric nitrate, nonahydrate) and $Ni(NO_3){_2}$ (nickel nitrate, hexahydrate). Carbon nanotubes and nanofibers with diameters of $30{\sim}70nm$ were found on the substrate for the case of using SUS304 substrates only and using them with metal nitrates. In case of using metal nitrates, due to the easy activation of the metal particles, the formation and growth of carbon nanomaterials were occurred in the lower temperature region than that of using SUS304 substrates only.

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