• Entomological Research
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.533-539
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• 2018

The RNA interference (RNAi) has been considered as an important genetic tool and applied to develop a new living modified (LM) crop trait which is an improvement of nutrient quality or pest management. The RNAi of DvSnf7 has been used for resistance to LM maize and the Western Corn Rootworm which is a major agricultural pest for the US Corn Belt. Most of the environmental risk assessments (ERA) of double strand RNA (dsRNA) have been performed using in vitro transcript products, and not in vivo expressed product. A large amount of dsRNA was required for the acute toxicity assay of water fleas. Therefore development of massive dsRNA purification techniques is critical. Daphnia, a freshwater microcrustacean, is a model organism for studying cellular and molecular mechanism involved in life history traits and ecotoxicology. In this study, we established the massive dsRNA purification method using Escherichia coli and implemented acute toxicity assays to Daphnia magna. As a result, the present RNase A and DNase I, dsRNA was efficiently purified without any special techniques or equipment. Even though purified dsRNA existed during the acute toxicity test, lethality or abnormal behavior were not observed in D. magna. These results indicated that GFP and DvSnf7 dsRNA were not significantly affected to D. magna due to their lack of sequence matching in its genome. The purification method of dsRNA and the acute toxicity assay of water fleas using purified dsRNA would be suitable for the toxicological studies of LMOs to aquatic non-target organisms.

• 생약학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.328-335
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• 2018

'EGCG(epigallocatechin gallate) rich Green Tea extract(EGTE)' was prepared by a convenient chromatographical manner using water and alcohol which was regarded as the most suitable and appropriate process for food manufacturing. The EGCG content in EGTE was estimated above 97%. Analysis of polyphenol components in green tea, i.e., catechin(C), epigallocatechin(EGC), epicatechin(EC), epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG), epicatechin gallate(ECG) and caffeine was performed by HPLC. The optimized HPLC method exhibited a good linearity of calibration curve, accuracy and precision. The long-term stability evaluation of EGTE was carried out with a powdered formulation and solution formulation by estimating the color change and measuring the EGCG content by HPLC analysis for one year. The EGCG content of the powdered EGTE stored in a transparent bottle at room temperature was retained over 97% at the end of the experimental period. The EGCG content of 0.1% water solution of EGTE stored in a transparent bottle at RT were observed to decrease below 30%, whereas that stored at $2^{\circ}C$ retained over 70%, respectively. These results suggested that a powdered formulation could be recommended for the commercialized nutraceutical product of EGTE rather than a solution formulation.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2019

Background: The efficacy of ginseng, the representative product of Korea, and its chemical effects have been well investigated. The ginsenoside RG3 has been reported to exhibit apoptotic, anticancer, and antidepressant-like effects. Methods: In this report, the putative effect of RG3 on several cellular function including cell survival, differentiation, development and aging process were evaluated by monitoring each specific marker. Also, mitochondrial morphology and function were investigated in ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblast cells. Results: RG3 treatment increased the expression of extracellular matrix proteins, growth-associated immediate-early genes, and cell proliferation genes in UV-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblast cells. And, RG3 also resulted in enhanced expression of antioxidant proteins such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 and heme oxygenase-1. In addition, RG3 affects the morphology of UV-induced mitochondria and plays a role in protecting mitochondrial dysfunction. Conclusioin: RG3 restores mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and membrane potential via its antioxidant effects in skin cells damaged by UV irradiation, leading to an increase in proteins linked with the extracellular matrix, cell proliferation, and antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.776-784
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• 2019

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), the most well-known polyhydroxyalkanoate, is a bio-based, biodegradable polymer that has the potential to replace petroleum-based plastics. Lignocellulose hydrolysate, a non-edible resource, is a promising substrate for the sustainable, fermentative production of PHB. However, its application is limited by the generation of inhibitors during the pretreatment processes. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of PHB production in E. coli in the presence of inhibitors found in lignocellulose hydrolysates. Our results show that the introduction of PHB synthetic genes (bktB, phaB, and phaC from Ralstonia eutropha H16) improved cell growth in the presence of the inhibitors such as furfural, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and vanillin, suggesting that PHB synthetic genes confer resistance to these inhibitors. In addition, increased PHB production was observed in the presence of furfural as opposed to the absence of furfural, suggesting that this compound could be used to stimulate PHB production. Our findings indicate that PHB production using lignocellulose hydrolysates in recombinant E. coli could be an innovative strategy for cost-effective PHB production, and PHB could be a good target product from lignocellulose hydrolysates, especially glucose.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2004

인터넷 이용의 폭발적인 증가와 유무선 통신기술의 발달로 인해 디지털 영상의 교환이 매우 빈번하게 일어나고 있는 현실에서 개인 사생활과 기업 및 기관의 기밀에 관련된 영상에 대한 보안이 매우 중요시 되어가고 있다. 또한 최근 카오스 이론과 암호와의 밀접한 관련성으로 인해 카오스 사상(Map)에 기반 한 새로운 암호기술 개발에 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 1차원 카오스 사상(Map)인 PLCM(Piecewise Linear Chaotic Map)과 2차원 카오스 사상인 Baker 사상을 이용한 정지영상 암호 시스템을 제안한다. 본 제안 시스템은 1차원 PLCM을 기반으로 한 섭동(Perturbance)기반 카오스 스트림(Stream)암호 기법과 2차원 Baker 사상을 기반으로 한 카오스 블록(Block)암호 기법이 결합된 구조로서 좋은 혼동(Confusion)특성과 확산(Diffusion)특성을 지닌 매우 안전하고 구현이 쉬운 암호시스템이다. 또한 본 논문에서는 실험 결과를 통해 통계적(Statistical) 공격에도 매우 강함을 보여주었다.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.49-91
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• 2022

Recent years have witnessed renewed interest in Africa and public diplomacy has emerged as the vital tool being used to cultivate these relations. China has been leading in pursuing stronger economic partnership with Africa while middle powers such as Korea are also intensifying engagement with the continent. While previous studies have analyzed the implications of China's activities in Africa on advanced powers, none has examined them from the paradigm of middle powers. This study fills this gap by assessing China's activities in Africa, their economic engagement and implications for Korea's interest in Africa. The analysis is qualitative based on secondary data from various sources and literature. The study shows that China's public diplomacy strategy involves a high degree of innovation and has evolved to encompass new tools and audiences. China has institutionalized a cooperative model that permeates many aspects of governance institutions in Africa, enabling it to strengthen their relations. This could also be helping China to adjust faster leadership transitions in Africa. Whereas the US is still the most influential country in Africa, China is influential in economic policies and has outstripped the US in infrastructure diplomacy. This could be because African policy makers align more with China's economic model than the US' mainstream economics. Chinese aid to Africa has been diversified to social sectors that are more responsive to the needs of Africa. Trade and investment relations between China and Africa have deepened, but so does trade imbalance since 2010. China mainly imports natural resources and raw materials from Africa. But this product portfolio is not different from Korea and the US. China's energetic insertion in Africa using various strategies has significant implications for countries with ambitions in Africa. Korea can achieve its ambitions in Africa by focusing resources in areas it can leverage its core strengths-such as education and vocational training, environmental policy and development cooperation.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2021

This study is a record of ethnomedicinal knowledge in Begumganj province focussed on medicinal plants and their local uses for primary health care. The aim was to document and preserve the ethnomedicinal knowledge used by traditional healers of Begumganj upazila, Bangladesh, to treat human diseases and evaluate the relative efficacy of the medicinal plants. The uses of medicinal plants were documented as an ethnomedicinal data sheet using direct observation, field interview, plant interview and group interview techniques from December 2012 to January 2014 in the study area. Data were collected from 98 traditional healers through a questionnaire survey and analyzed through informant consensus factor and fidelity level. This study revealed comprehensive relationship among various diseases and families, forms and parts of plants and modes of preparation. Overall, 75 plant species under 71 genera of 47 families were documented, which are used to treat 41 diseases. Data analysis revealed that 41.33%, 14.67%, 36% and 8% of the medicinal plant species were herbs, shrubs, trees, and climbers, respectively. Leaves were the most used parts, followed by stem, root, fruit, bark, latex and rhizome. The most frequently treated diseases were dysentery, rheumatism and skin diseases. This is the first ethnobotanical survey, which recorded the importance of medicinal plants in Begumganj upazila, Bangladesh. This study can contribute to preserving the indigenous knowledge on the traditional use of medicinal plants in this region and new drug development with attracting future generations towards traditional healing practice.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.213-224
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• 2022

본 연구는 상품과 생산, 마케팅 등 다양한 측면에서 장점을 갖고 있어 급격하게 비중이 커져가는 니트 갑피를 활용한 스니커즈의 스타일 유형과 디자인 특성을 분석하여 디자인 전략과 상품 개발의 방향을 설정하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 니트 갑피 스니커즈 시장에서 주목받고 있는 브랜드의 상품과 온라인 마켓에서 인기를 끌고 있는 상품 총 924개를 대상으로 스타일 유형과 디자인 특성을 분석하였다. 분석된 연구의 결과는 첫째, 고유성으로, 전통적인 소재와 제작기법을 따르지 않음으로써 니트 갑피 스니커즈만의 고유한 하이브리드적 스타일과 디자인이 정립되고 있다. 둘째, 복합성으로 컬러와 소재에 있어 다양한 조합을 통해 각각의 특성을 살린 멀티플한 이미지를 창출하고 있다. 셋째, 실험성으로 일반 스니커즈에 비해 한층 더 공학적이고 새로운 재료와 기법을 접목하여 과감한 디자인 변화를 꾀하고 있다. 스니커즈 시장이 날로 확대되어 가는 현 시점에서 산업의 경향을 반영한 본 연구를 통해 신발 분야에 대한 다양한 연구 활동과 산업 분야의 브랜드 기획 방향에 기초적인 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2021

과거에 비해 기술의 급속한 발전으로 인해 기업들은 혁신을 하지 않으면 치열한 경쟁환경하에서 살아남기가 어려워지고 있다. 기업이 혁신활동을 전개하기 위해서는 새로운 지식을 찾고 이를 소화하고 자신만의 기술역량을 확보하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 탐험활동과 활용활동, 기술혁신역량, 혁신성과(기술성과, 제품성과), 흡수역량, 혁신강도간의 인과관계를 파악하였다. 분석결과, 탐험 및 활용 활동은 기술혁신역량에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 기술혁신역량, 흡수역량, 혁신강도는 혁신성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 흡수역량과 혁신강도는 기술혁신역량과 혁신성과간에 매개역할을 수행하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 기업에서 혁신활동을 기획하거나 수행시에 유용한 가이드라인으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 보인다.

• 고무기술
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.119-149
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• 2021

Domestic materials & components industry is making a shift from quantitative growth to qualitative growth, while the paradigm of a future society is changing rapidly to energy, mobility, smartification and etc. The main features of materials & components industry are analyzed broadly based on three aspects that are: ① industry Status, ② the value chain structure, ③ the competitiveness. With regard to the national aspect, it is shown that the number of an export and a trade surplus increased consistently after the government advanced the policy on materials & components and Korea's trade deficit with Japan has been decreased. Moreover, the state's export ranking increased from tenth place in 2001 into sixth place in 2017, dedicating to the growth of a national economy. The analysis of the chain value indicates that specifications of an end product are set when the materials & components are combined with manpower, infrastructure and technologies. In terms of the competitiveness, it requires a long time and high costs to develop technologies on materials and it is important for components to have a process innovation and credibility wired. Following the industry structure with priority given on materials, Jeonnam Province accounts for 14.8% of national material production. As a result of analyzing Jeonnam's export competitiveness, it is measured that a serious polarization exists, revealing there are 6 major technology industries by 11 categories for materials & components, Jeonnam has presented 6 major materials & components considering the key industry and the new industry in future to remedy the mentioned problem so far, and plans to knock on the industry development through 10 different strategies.