• Title/Summary/Keyword: Neutral loss

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The Design and Implementation of Arc Power supply for Neutral Beam Injection (중성입자빔 가열을 위한 아크 전원 공급장치 설계 및 구현)

  • Lee, Hee-Jun;Shin, Soo-Cheol;Lee, Seung-Gyo;Jung, Yong-Chae;Won, Chung-Yuen
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.50-58
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    • 2013
  • The Neutral Beam Injection(NBI) generates ultra-high temperature energy in the tokamak of nuclear fusion. The NBI consists of filament power supply acceleration and deceleration power supply and arc power supply(APS). The APS has characteristics of low voltage and high current. APS generate arc through constant output of voltage and current. So this paper proposed suitable buck converter for low voltage and high current. The case of proposed buck converter used parallel switch because it can increase capacity and decrease conduction loss. When an arc is generated, the NBI chamber occur high voltage. And it will break output capacitor of buck converter. Therefore the output capacitor was removed in the proposed converter. Thus buck converter with constant output is the most important design of the output inductor. In this paper, designed APS verified operation of system and stability through simulation and prototype.

Characteristics of High Power Semiconductor Device Losses in 5MW class PMSG MV Wind Turbines

  • Kwon, Gookmin;Lee, Kihyun;Suh, Yongsug
    • Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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    • 2014.07a
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    • pp.367-368
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    • 2014
  • This paper investigates characteristics of high power semiconductor device losses in 5MW-class Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) Medium Voltage (MV) wind turbines. High power semiconductor device of press-pack type IGCT of 6.5kV is considered in this paper. Analysis is performed based on neutral point clamped (NPC) 3-level back-to-back type voltage source converter (VSC) supplied from grid voltage of 4160V. This paper describes total loss distribution at worst case under inverter and rectifier operating mode for the power semiconductor switches. The loss analysis is confirmed through PLECS simulations. In addition, the loss factors due to di/dt snubber and ac input filter are presented. The investigation result shows that IGCT type semiconductor devices generate the total efficiency of 97.74% under the rated condition.

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Comparison of Efficiency for Voltage Source and Current Source Based Converter in 5MW PMSG Wind Turbine Systems

  • Kang, Tahyun;Suh, Yongsug
    • Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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    • 2015.07a
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    • pp.357-358
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    • 2015
  • This paper provides a comparison of power converter loss and thermal description for voltage source and current source type 5MW-class medium voltage topologies of wind turbines. Neutral-point clamped three-level converter is adopted for voltage source type topology while two-level converter is employed for current source type topology considering the popularity in the industry. In order to match the required voltage level of 4160V with the same switching device of IGCT as in voltage source converter, two active switches are connected in series for the case of current source converter. The loss analysis is confirmed through PLECS simulations. In addition, the loss factors due to di/dt and dv/dt snubber and ac input filter are presented. The comparison result shows that VSC-based wind turbine system has a higher efficiency than that of CSC under the rated operating conditions.

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Instability Analysis of Counterflow Diffusion Flames with Radiation Heat Loss (복사 열손실을 받는 대향류 확산화염의 불안정성 해석)

  • Lee, Su-Ryong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.36 no.8
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    • pp.857-864
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    • 2012
  • A linear stability analysis of a diffusion flame with radiation heat loss is performed to identify linearly unstable conditions for the Damk$\ddot{o}$hler number and radiation intensity. We adopt a counterflow diffusion flame with unity Lewis number as a model. Near the kinetic limit extinction regime, the growth rates of disturbances always have real eigenvalues, and a neutral stability condition perfectly falls into the quasi-steady extinction. However, near the radiative limit extinction regime, the eigenvalues are complex, which implies pulsating instability. A stable limit cycle occurs when the temperatures of the pulsating flame exceed the maximum temperature of the steady-state flame with real positive eigenvalues. If the instantaneous temperature of the pulsating flame is below the maximum temperature, the flame cannot recover and goes to extinction. The neutral stability curve of the radiation-induced instability is plotted over a broad range of radiation intensities.

Comparison of the copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity identified from whole-exome sequencing data using three different tools

  • Lee, Gang-Taik;Chung, Yeun-Jun
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.4.1-4.8
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    • 2022
  • Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is a genomic aberration. In some cases, LOH can be generated without changing the copy number, which is called copy-neutral LOH (CN-LOH). CN-LOH frequently occurs in various human diseases, including cancer. However, the biological and clinical implications of CN-LOH for human diseases have not been well studied. In this study, we compared the performance of CN-LOH determination using three commonly used tools. For an objective comparison, we analyzed CN-LOH profiles from single-nucleotide polymorphism array data from 10 colon adenocarcinoma patients, which were used as the reference for comparison with the CN-LOHs obtained through whole-exome sequencing (WES) data of the same patients using three different analysis tools (FACETS, Nexus, and Sequenza). The majority of the CN-LOHs identified from the WES data were consistent with the reference data. However, some of the CN-LOHs identified from the WES data were not consistent between the three tools, and the consistency with the reference CN-LOH profile was also different. The Jaccard index of the CN-LOHs using FACETS (0.84 ± 0.29; mean value, 0.73) was significantly higher than that of Nexus (0.55 ± 0.29; mean value, 0.50; p = 0.02) or Sequenza (0 ± 0.41; mean value, 0.34; p = 0.04). FACETS showed the highest area under the curve value. Taken together, of the three CN-LOH analysis tools, FACETS showed the best performance in identifying CN-LOHs from The Cancer Genome Atlas colon adenocarcinoma WES data. Our results will be helpful in exploring the biological or clinical implications of CN-LOH for human diseases.

Comparative Performance Evaluation of 10kV IGCTs in 3L ANPC and TNPC Converters in PMSG MV Wind Turbines (PMSG 풍력발전기용 3L ANPC와 TNPC 컨버터에서의 10kV IGCT 성능 비교 평가)

  • Lyngdoh, Amreena Lama;Suh, Yongsug;Park, Byoung-Gun;Kim, Jiwon
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.419-427
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    • 2019
  • Several multilevel converter topologies have been proposed and compared. The three-level (3L) neutral-point-clamped (NPC) topology is promising and widely accepted. However, this topology suffers from uneven loss distribution among switches due to its fixed switching strategy. The 3L active NPC (ANPC) topology, which exhibits improved loss distribution profile, was proposed to address this disadvantage. The 3L T-NPC topology, a hybrid configuration of 2L and 3L NPC topologies, was introduced to address not only the loss distribution problem but also the reduction in the number of switches. In the present research, the application of these three topologies in PMSG-based medium-voltage wind turbines was investigated. The power devices considered were 10 kV IGCTs. Performance was evaluated in terms of a power loss of 10 kV IGCT for each NPC topology, which is a crucial indicator of thermal behavior, reliability, cost, and lifetime of any converter. The comparison was performed using ABB make 10 kV IGCT 5SHY17L9000 and the simulation tool PLECS.

An Analysis and Optimum Design of o Neutral Line Harmonics Eliminating Reactor (중성선 영상고조파 저감용 특수 Reactor 최적설계 연구)

  • Shin, Pan-Seok;Chung, Gyo-Bum;Kim, Han-Deul;Kim, Cheol
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2006
  • In the modem power distribution systems, there are lots of zero-phase current harmonics in the neutral power line due to much usages of the controlled switching devices, various semiconductor power converting systems, OA(Office Automation) equipments, PC etc. In order to minimize the current harmonics a zero-phase neutral line current eliminating reactor (NHER) is designed and analyzed its performance using the finite element program. For the design of NHER a program is developed using C++ program. To verify the program a case model(380/220[V], 200[A]) is designed and analyzed by the developed program. As the results of the optimal design, the core loss is reduced by 26[%] with eliminating of the current harmonics. Especially the ninth harmonics is much reduced as compared with the others. When the design of NHER is adapted to the load of the power system, the eliminating effect and efficiency of the device will be much better

Suppression of the Methyl Radical Loss from Acetone Cation within (CH3COCH3)n{CH3COCH3}+ Clusters

  • Lee, Yong-Hoon;Oh, Myoung-Kyu;Choi, Sung-Chul;Ko, Do-Kyeong;Lee, Jong-Min
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.29 no.8
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    • pp.1519-1524
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    • 2008
  • We have investigated the photophysics of the acetone radical cation in the vacuum ultraviolet energy region by multiphoton ionization combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry in a cluster beam. We have found that the loss of methyl radical from the acetone radical cations is remarkably suppressed at 10.5 eV when they are solvated by a few neutral acetone molecules. The cluster ion mass spectra obtained by nanosecond and picosecond laser pulses reveal that there are intermolecular processes, occurring in several tens of picoseconds, which are responsible for the survival of the acetone cations in clusters. This remarkable solvation effect on the yield of the methyl radical loss from the acetone cation can be rationalized by the intracluster vibrational energy redistribution and the self-catalyzed enolization which compete with the methyl radical loss process.

Long-term Environmental Changes: Interpretations from a Marine Benthic Ecologist's Perspective (II) -Eutrophication and Substratum Properties

  • Yoo Jae-Won;Hong Jae-Sang;Lee Jae June
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.210-217
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    • 1999
  • Chemical oxygen demand (COD), phytoplankton cell number and chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a), sediment mean grain size and ignition loss were studied to determine their temporal trends in the study area. Historical data of COD, cell number and Chl-a were gathered from the late 1960s or early 1980s to 1997, and trends in temporal domain were obtained from a simple regression. Sediments for grain size and ignition loss (as organic contents in sediments) were sampled from the Chokchon macrotidal flat bimonthly from September 1990 to November 1996, and were analyzed using the decomposition method of time series analysis. In general, the first three data showed increasing trends based on regression analysis. The trends of sediment grain size fluctuated in a neutral pathway while those of ignition loss yielded no increasing pattern. In contrast with the suggestions from Ahn and Choi (1998) who reported a coarsening variation in sediment grain size to be a cause of the directional and remarkable changes of macrofaunal communities in this area, we could not find such a corresponding variation pattern from our samples. In diagnosing eutrophication, a paradoxical phenomenon was encountered between the trends in water column (COD, cell number and Chl-a) and sediment (ignition loss) data. In this paper, we inferred the possible processes that produce the discrepancy. Some explanations and biological responses to eutrophication were predicted and discussed.

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A Mathematical Analysis on Daily Inventory Clearance Pricing with Consumer's Reference Price

  • Koide, Takeshi;Sandoh, Hiroaki
    • Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.30-38
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    • 2012
  • This paper discusses a clearance pricing on daily perishable products considering a reference price of consumers. The daily perishable products are sometimes sold at a discount price before closing time to stimulate demand when the number of unsold products is more than initially envisioned. The discount pricing results both in an increase of the revenue of the day and in a decrease of the disposal cost. The discounting, however, also declines a reference price of consumers which is a mental price and serves as an anchor price to judge if a current sales price is loss or gain for the consumers. An excess discounting decreases the demand for the products sold at a regular price in the future and diminishes long-term profit. This study conducts a mathematical analysis on the clearance pricing problem for a single period with stochastic variations both on demand and on the inventory level at clearance time. The expected profit function especially depends on the response of consumers to the clearing price against their reference prices. A procedure is proposed to derive an optimal clearance price when consumers are loss-neutral. A sufficient condition is shown to obtain an optimal price for loss-averse and loss-seeking consumers by an analogous procedure.