• 제목/요약/키워드: Neural Network Partial Least Squares

검색결과 11건 처리시간 0.022초

Learning Method for Real-time Crime Prediction Model Utilizing CCTV

  • Bang, Seung-Hwan;Cho, Hyun-Bo
    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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    • 제21권5호
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    • pp.91-98
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    • 2016
  • We propose a method to train a model that can predict the probability of a crime being committed. CCTV data by matching criminal events are required to train the crime prediction model. However, collecting CCTV data appropriate for training is difficult. Thus, we collected actual criminal records and converted them to an appropriate format using variables by considering a crime prediction environment and the availability of real-time data collection from CCTV. In addition, we identified new specific crime types according to the characteristics of criminal events and trained and tested the prediction model by applying neural network partial least squares for each crime type. Results show a level of predictive accuracy sufficiently significant to demonstrate the applicability of CCTV to real-time crime prediction.

Milling tool wear forecast based on the partial least-squares regression analysis

  • Xu, Chuangwen;Chen, Hualing
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.57-74
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    • 2009
  • Power signals resulting from spindle and feed motor, present a rich content of physical information, the appropriate analysis of which can lead to the clear identification of the nature of the tool wear. The partial least-squares regression (PLSR) method has been established as the tool wear analysis method for this purpose. Firstly, the results of the application of widely used techniques are given and their limitations of prior methods are delineated. Secondly, the application of PLSR is proposed. The singular value theory is used to noise reduction. According to grey relational degree analysis, sample variable is filtered as part sample variable and all sample variables as independent variables for modelling, and the tool wear is taken as dependent variable, thus PLSR model is built up through adapting to several experimental data of tool wear in different milling process. Finally, the prediction value of tool wear is compare with actual value, in order to test whether the model of the tool wear can adopt to new measuring data on the independent variable. In the new different cutting process, milling tool wear was predicted by the methods of PLSR and MLR (Multivariate Linear Regression) as well as BPNN (BP Neural Network) at the same time. Experimental results show that the methods can meet the needs of the engineering and PLSR is more suitable for monitoring tool wear.

근적외선을 이용한 사과의 당도예측 (II) - 부분최소제곱 및 인공신경회로망 모델 - (Predicting the Soluble Solids of Apples by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (II) - PLS and ANN Models -)

  • 이강진;;;노상하
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.571-582
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    • 1998
  • The PLS(Partial Least Square) and ANN(Artificial Neural Network) were introduced to develop the soluble solids content prediction model of apples which is followed by making a subsequent selection of photosensor. For the optimal PLS model, number of factors needed for spectrum analysis were increased until the convergence of prediction residual error sum of squares. Analysis has shown that even part of the overall wavelength with no pretreatment may turn out better performing. The best PLS model was found in the 800 to 1,100nm wavelength region without pretreatment of second derivation, having $R^2$=0.9236, bias= -0.0198bx, SEP=0.2527bx for unknown samples. On the other hand, for the ANN model the second derivation led to higher performance. On partial range of 800 to 1,100nm wavelengh region, prediction model with second derivation for unknown samples reached $R^2$=0.9177, SEP=0.2903bx in contrast to $R^2$=0.7507, SEP =0.4622bx without pretreatment.

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Comparative Study of Estimation Methods of the Endpoint Temperature in Basic Oxygen Furnace Steelmaking Process with Selection of Input Parameters

  • Park, Tae Chang;Kim, Beom Seok;Kim, Tae Young;Jin, Il Bong;Yeo, Yeong Koo
    • 대한금속재료학회지
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    • 제56권11호
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    • pp.813-821
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    • 2018
  • The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process in the steel industry is highly complicated, and subject to variations in raw material composition. During the BOF steelmaking process, it is essential to maintain the carbon content and the endpoint temperature at their set points in the liquid steel. This paper presents intelligent models used to estimate the endpoint temperature in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. An artificial neural network (ANN) model and a least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) model are proposed and their estimation performance compared. The classical partial least-squares (PLS) method was also compared with the others. Results of the estimations using the ANN, LSSVM and PLS models were compared with the operation data, and the root-mean square error (RMSE) for each model was calculated to evaluate estimation performance. The RMSE of the LSSVM model 15.91, which turned out to be the best estimation. RMSE values for the ANN and PLS models were 17.24 and 21.31, respectively, indicating their relative estimation performance. The essential input parameters used in the models can be selected by sensitivity analysis. The RMSE for each model was calculated again after a sequential input selection process was used to remove insignificant input parameters. The RMSE of the LSSVM was then 13.21, which is better than the previous RMSE with all 16 parameters. The results show that LSSVM model using 13 input parameters can be utilized to calculate the required values for oxygen volume and coolant needed to optimally adjust the steel target temperature.

부분최소자승법과 인공신경망을 이용한 고분자전해질 연료전지 스택의 모델링 (Modeling of a PEM Fuel Cell Stack using Partial Least Squares and Artificial Neural Networks)

  • 한인수;신현길
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제53권2호
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    • pp.236-242
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    • 2015
  • 고분자전해질 연료전지 스택의 성능 및 주요 운전 변수를 예측하기 위해 부분최소자승법과 인공신경망의 두 가지 데이터 기반 모델링 기법을 제시한다. 30 kW급 고분자전해질 연료전지 스택 실험으로부터 확보한 데이터를 사용하여 부분최소자승 및 인공신경망 모델들을 구성한 후 각 모델의 예측 성능 및 계산 시간을 비교하였다. 모델의 복잡성을 줄이기 위해 부분최소자승법에 기초한 VIP(Variable Importance on PLS Projections) 선정기준을 모델링 절차에 포함하여, 초기 입력변수의 집합으로부터 모델링에 필요한 입력변수들을 선정하였다. 모델링 결과, 인공신경망이 스택의 평균 셀전압과 캐소드(cathode) 출구 온도를 예측하는데 있어서, 부분최소자승법 보다 우수한 성능을 보였다. 그러나 부분최소자승법 또한 입력변수와 출력변수 간에 선형적 상관관계만을 모델링 할 수 있음에도 불구하고 비교적 만족할 만한 예측 성능을 나타냈다. 모델의 정확도와 계산속도의 요구조건에 따라 두 모델링 기법은 고분자전해질 연료전지의 설계 및 운전 분야의 성능 예측, 온라인 및 오프라인 최적화, 제어 및 이상 진단을 위해 적용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Impurity profiling and chemometric analysis of methamphetamine seizures in Korea

  • Shin, Dong Won;Ko, Beom Jun;Cheong, Jae Chul;Lee, Wonho;Kim, Suhkmann;Kim, Jin Young
    • 분석과학
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.98-107
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    • 2020
  • Methamphetamine (MA) is currently the most abused illicit drug in Korea. MA is produced by chemical synthesis, and the final target drug that is produced contains small amounts of the precursor chemicals, intermediates, and by-products. To identify and quantify these trace compounds in MA seizures, a practical and feasible approach for conducting chromatographic fingerprinting with a suite of traditional chemometric methods and recently introduced machine learning approaches was examined. This was achieved using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with a flame ionization detector (FID) and mass spectrometry (MS). Following appropriate examination of all the peaks in 71 samples, 166 impurities were selected as the characteristic components. Unsupervised (principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and K-means clustering) and supervised (partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), support vector machines (SVM), and deep neural network (DNN) with Keras) chemometric techniques were employed for classifying the 71 MA seizures. The results of the PCA, HCA, K-means clustering, PLS-DA, OPLS-DA, SVM, and DNN methods for quality evaluation were in good agreement. However, the tested MA seizures possessed distinct features, such as chirality, cutting agents, and boiling points. The study indicated that the established qualitative and semi-quantitative methods will be practical and useful analytical tools for characterizing trace compounds in illicit MA seizures. Moreover, they will provide a statistical basis for identifying the synthesis route, sources of supply, trafficking routes, and connections between seizures, which will support drug law enforcement agencies in their effort to eliminate organized MA crime.

Application of Deep Learning: A Review for Firefighting

  • Shaikh, Muhammad Khalid
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • 제22권5호
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    • pp.73-78
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    • 2022
  • The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of Deep Learning in the literature on Fire & Rescue Service. It is found that deep learning techniques are only beginning to benefit the firefighters. The popular areas where deep learning techniques are making an impact are situational awareness, decision making, mental stress, injuries, well-being of the firefighter such as his sudden fall, inability to move and breathlessness, path planning by the firefighters while getting to an fire scene, wayfinding, tracking firefighters, firefighter physical fitness, employment, prediction of firefighter intervention, firefighter operations such as object recognition in smoky areas, firefighter efficacy, smart firefighting using edge computing, firefighting in teams, and firefighter clothing and safety. The techniques that were found applied in firefighting were Deep learning, Traditional K-Means clustering with engineered time and frequency domain features, Convolutional autoencoders, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Deep Neural Networks, Simulation, VR, ANN, Deep Q Learning, Deep learning based on conditional generative adversarial networks, Decision Trees, Kalman Filters, Computational models, Partial Least Squares, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Edge computing, C5 Decision Tree, Restricted Boltzmann Machine, Reinforcement Learning, and Recurrent LSTM. The literature review is centered on Firefighters/firemen not involved in wildland fires. The focus was also not on the fire itself. It must also be noted that several deep learning techniques such as CNN were mostly used in fire behavior, fire imaging and identification as well. Those papers that deal with fire behavior were also not part of this literature review.

A comparison of ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopy for the non-destructive examination of terpenoids in medicinal plants essential oils

  • Rahul Joshi;Sushma Kholiya;Himanshu Pandey;Ritu Joshi;Omia Emmanuel;Ameeta Tewari;Taehyun Kim;Byoung-Kwan Cho
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제50권4호
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    • pp.675-696
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    • 2023
  • Terpenoids, also referred to as terpenes, are a large family of naturally occurring chemical compounds present in the essential oils extracted from medicinal plants. In this study, a nondestructive methodology was created by combining ATR-FT-IR (attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared), and Raman spectroscopy for the terpenoids assessment in medicinal plants essential oils from ten different geographical locations. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR) were used as machine learning methodologies. However, a deep learning based model called as one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) were also developed for models comparison. With a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.999 and a lowest RMSEP (root mean squared error of prediction) of 0.006% for the prediction datasets, the SVR model created for FT-IR spectral data outperformed both the PLSR and 1 D CNN models. On the other hand, for the classification of essential oils derived from plants collected from various geographical regions, the created SVM (support vector machine) classification model for Raman spectroscopic data obtained an overall classification accuracy of 0.997% which was superior than the FT-IR (0.986%) data. Based on the results we propose that FT-IR spectroscopy, when coupled with the SVR model, has a significant potential for the non-destructive identification of terpenoids in essential oils compared with destructive chemical analysis methods.

ADVANTAGES OF USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS CALIBRATION TECHNIQUES TO NEAR-INFRARED AGRICULTURAL DATA

  • Buchmann, Nils-Bo;Ian A.Cowe
    • 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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    • pp.1032-1032
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    • 2001
  • Artificial Neural Network (ANN) calibration techniques have been used commercially for agricultural applications since the mid-nineties. Global models, based on transmission data from 850 to 1050 nm, are used routinely to measure protein and moisture in wheat and barley and also moisture in triticale, rye, and oats. These models are currently used commercially in approx. 15 countries throughout the world. Results concerning earlier European ANN models are being published elsewhere. Some of the findings from that study will be discussed here. ANN models have also been developed for coarsely ground samples of compound feed and feed ingredients, again measured in transmission mode from 850 to 1050 nm. The performance of models for pig- and poultry feed will be discussed briefly. These models were developed from a very large data set (more than 20,000 records), and cover a very broad range of finished products. The prediction curves are linear over the entire range for protein, fat moisture, fibre, and starch (measured only on poultry feed), and accuracy is in line with the performance of smaller models based on Partial Least Squares (PLS). A simple bias adjustment is sufficient for calibration transfer across instruments. Recently, we have investigated the possible use of ANN for a different type of NIR spectrometer, based on reflectance data from 1100 to 2500 nm. In one study, based on data for protein, fat, and moisture measured on unground compound feed samples, dedicated ANN models for specific product classes (cattle feed, pig feed, broiler feed, and layers feed) gave moderately better Standard Errors of Prediction (SEP) compared to modified PLS (MPLS). However, if the four product classes were combined into one general calibration model, the performance of the ANN model deteriorated only slightly compared to the class-specific models, while the SEP values for the MPLS predictions doubled. Brix value in molasses is a measure of sugar content. Even with a huge dataset, PLS models were not sufficiently accurate for commercial use. In contrast an ANN model based on the same data improved the accuracy considerably and straightened out non-linearity in the prediction plot. The work of Mr. David Funk (GIPSA, U. S. Department of Agriculture) who has studied the influence of various types of spectral distortions on ANN- and PLS models, thereby providing comparative information on the robustness of these models towards instrument differences, will be discussed. This study was based on data from different classes of North American wheat measured in transmission from 850 to 1050 nm. The distortions studied included the effect of absorbance offset pathlength variation, presence of stray light bandwidth, and wavelength stretch and offset (either individually or combined). It was shown that a global ANN model was much less sensitive to most perturbations than class-specific GIPSA PLS calibrations. It is concluded that ANN models based on large data sets offer substantial advantages over PLS models with respect to accuracy, range of materials that can be handled by a single calibration, stability, transferability, and sensitivity to perturbations.

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