• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2024

Computer-assisted polyp characterization (computer-aided diagnosis, CADx) facilitates optical diagnosis during colonoscopy. Several studies have demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity of CADx tools in identifying neoplastic changes in colorectal polyps. To implement CADx tools in colonoscopy, there is a need to confirm whether these tools satisfy the threshold levels that are required to introduce optical diagnosis strategies such as "diagnose-and-leave," "resect-and-discard" or "DISCARD-lite." In this article, we review the available data from prospective trials regarding the effect of multiple CADx tools and discuss whether they meet these thresholds.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.591-598
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• 2012

Aim and background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of naturally occurring small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression, cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or cleavage. The present study was conducted to study miRNAs in Egyptian breast cancer (BC) and their relation to metastasis, tumor invasion and apoptosis in addition to their association with the ER and PR statuses. Methods: Real Time RT-PCR was performed to identify the miRNA expression level of eight miRNAs and eight metastatic-related genes in 40 breast cancer samples and their adjacent non-neoplastic tissues. The expression levels of each miRNA relative to U6 RNA were determined using the $^{2-{\Delta}}CT$ method. Also, miRNA expression profiles of the BC and their corresponding ANT were evaluated. Results: The BC patients showed an up-regulation in miRNAs (mir-155, mir-10, mir-21 and mir-373) with an upregulation in MMP2, MMp9 and VEGF genes. We found down regulation in mir-17p, mir-126, mir-335, mir-30b and also TIMP3, TMP1 and PDCD4 genes in the cancer tissue compared to the adjacent non-neoplastic tissues. Mir -10b, mir -21, mir-155 and mir373 and the metastatic genes MMP2, MMP9 and VEGF were significantly associated with an increase in tumor size (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between any of the studied miRNAs regarding lymph node metastasis. Mir-21 was significantly over-expressed in ER-/PR-cases. Conclusion: Specific miRNAs (mir-10, mir-21, mir-155, mir-373, mir-30b, mir-126, mir-17p, mir-335) are associated with tumor metastasis and other clinical characteristics for BC, facilitating identification of individuals who are at risk.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2002

Backgrounds and Objectives: Metastasis is a complex multistep process that requires sequential interactions between the invasive cell and the extra-cellular matrix. Transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ ($TGF-{\beta}1$) is a multifunctional regulator of cellular differentiation, motility and growth. Loss of sensitivity to the growth inhibitory effects by $TGF-{\beta}1$ plays important roles in neoplastic progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of $TGF-{\beta}1$ in the neoplastic invasion and metastasis through matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) of laryngeal cancer cell lines. Material and Methods: Two laryngeal cancer cell lines, SNU-899 and SNU-1076 were treated with recombinant $TGF-{\beta}1$, and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was immunohistochemically evaluated and gelatinase activity was studied by gelatin zymogram. Results: The cell growth inhibition was evident on 4th days after 1ng/ml and 10ng/ml $TGF-{\beta}1$ treatment. The expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and their gelatinase activities were increased in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: $TGF-{\beta}1$ treatment in laryngeal cancer cell lines induces the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, thus playing a role in the digestion of extracellular matrix gelatin.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2007

Cell behavior of the transformed cells is known to affect by interaction with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and integrin. To investigate the alterations of both integrin expression and cell-matrix interaction during neoplastic conversion of human oral kerationcytes, we studied expression levels of integrin subunits by flow cytometry and cellular responses to the ECM proteins in normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOKs), HPV-immortalized HOK-16B line, and three oral cancer cell lines established from HOK-16B line, CTHOK-16B-BaP, CTHOK-16B-DMBA, and CTHOK-16B-Dexa lines. The expression levels of ${\alpha}\;and\;{\beta}$ integrin subunits were shown decreased tendency in human oral keratinocytes undergoing immortalization and tumorigenic transformation except CTHOK-16B-DMBA line tested. Although ${\alpha}v{\beta}6$ integrin is known to be highly expressed in squamous cell carcinomas, and the altered integrin expression is suspected to be associated with cellular carcinogenesis, ${\alpha}v$ integrin subunit and ${\alpha}v{\beta}6$ integrin did not express in oral cancer cell lines tested. Cell behavior to the ECM proteins in HOK-16B line was generally similar to that of exponentially proliferating NHOKs. The adhesion activity profiles of type I collagen were very similar to that of its laminin counterparts, but fibronectin showed minimal adhesion activity under our conditions compared to the BSA control. The ability of the CTHOK-16B-BaP line to spread upon type I collagen and laminin markedly decreased, but migration was notably increased on type I collagen. In contrast, CTHOK-16B-DMBA and CTHOK-16B-Dexa lines spread less but migrated more upon type I collagen than immortalized HOK-16B line. These data indicate that downregulation of integrin subunits causes the changes of cellular responses to the ECM proteins during neoplastic conversion of human oral keratinocytes, and that cellular responses to the ECM proteins in oral cancer cell lines established by exposing different carcinogens are variable according to chemical carcinogens treatment.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2015

이전 연구들에서 rutin과 quercetin을 포함한 여러 flavonoids의 암예방 활성이 보고되었으나, rutin의 경우 섭취 시 체내에서 HVA, HPAA, DHT라는 대사체로 변형되어 흡수된다. 그러나, 이들 대사체와 관련한 암예방 효능 및 그 분자생물학적 작용기작에 대한 연구 결과는 보고된 바가 없어, 본 연구에서 이를 규명하였다. DHT는 EGF로 유도된 세포 변형을 억제하였으며, AP-1 전사인자의 활성 또한 억제하였다. DHT는 Raf-1 효소 활성을 효과적으로 저해하므로서 MEK 및 ERK의 인산화를 억제하였으며, Raf-1과 ATP는 비경쟁적으로 직접 결합하여 Raf-1 효소 활성을 저해한다는 사실을 밝혀내었다. 이와는 대조적으로, rutin은 EGF로 유도된 세포 변형, AP-1 활성, ERK 신호전달체계, Raf-1 효소 활성을 억제하지 못하였다. 이상의 연구결과는 DHT의 암예방 활성이 발암과정과 밀접한 연관이 있는 Raf-1 효소 활성을 억제하여 세포 변형을 억제하는 것과 관련되어 있다는 것을 제시한다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2019

This study examined the relative incidence of feline cutaneous tumors according to age, breed, sex, and site predilection for these tumors. Biopsy samples were examined and diagnosed from the histopathology. Over a 72-month period, from January 2013 to December 2018, 478 feline biopsy samples were received from veterinary practitioners across the nation. Of these, 232 (48.54%) cases were skin masses. Among them, 73.71% (171/232) were neoplastic lesions and 26.29% (61/232) were non-neoplastic. Twenty-two different types of cutaneous neoplasms were diagnosed as epithelial tumors (15.79%), mesenchymal tumors (83.63%), or melanocytic tumor (0.58%). The four most common tumors were mast cell tumor (60.23%), lipoma (5.85%), basal cell carcinoma (4.68%), and fibrosarcoma (4.68%), which comprised 75.44% of all tumor cases. Cutaneous tumors were located most commonly in the head of the cat (43.27%) and in the Korean shorthaired breed (75.44%). According to this study, cutaneous tumors were the most common tumor types in feline neoplasms in Korea. The incidence of cutaneous tumors was highest in Korean shorthaired cats, the most prevalent breed in Korea. Mast cell tumors are the most common skin neoplasm in Korea and can affect very young cats.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2005

The detection of high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) allows us to predict the presence and future development of cervical intraepitheliallesion. In this study, we compared Hybrid Capture II and DNA chip methods for detection of HPV in cervical swab samples. And we evaluated the clinical efficacy and diagnostic performance of HPV DNA chip and Hybrid Capture II for detecting HPV in cervical neoplastic lesions. Seventy four patients were classified into three groups according to their histologic diagnosis: Group I (nonspecific chronic cervicitis), Group II (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL); koilocytosis, and mild dysplasia), and Group III (high-grade SIL;, moderate, severe dysplasia and in situ carcinoma). Cytologic diagnosis were based on the Bethesda System. Hybrid Capture II and DNA chip methods were performed to detect HPV. In 41 of the 74 cervical samples $(55.4\%)$, HPV DNAs were detected by Hybrid Capture II. In Group III, HPV-positive cases were detected in 15 $(20.3\%)$ of 74 patients by Hybrid Capture II. 25 patients with ASCUS cytology were histopathologically examined: 9 cases $(36\%)$ were Group II. In 18 patients with low-grade SIL cytology, 13 cases $(72.2\%)$ were Group II and 3 cases $(16.7\%)$ were Group III. 12 cases $(92.3\%)$ were Group ill of 13 patients with high-grade SIL cytology. The sensitivity of each test was $82\%$ in Hybrid Capture II and $53.9\%$ in DNA chip test. And the specificity was $74.3\%,\;85.7\%$ in Hybrid Capture II and DNA chip. In conclusion, Hybrid Capture II test is more sensitive than DNA chip in detecting women with cervical neoplastic lesions. Especially, in diagnosing of ASCUS, Hybrid Capture II test is more sensitive. Therefore, Hybrid Capture II test for cancer-associated HPV DNA is a viable option in the management of women with ASCUS.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.295-299
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• 1988

An endogenous 17-6a inhibitor of Caa+_activated protease has been purified from neo-plastic tissues of human stomach using heat treahent and conventional chromatographir procedures. It appears to consist of a single polvpeptide since the same molecular weight was obtained by both gel fntration under nondenaturing condition and gel electrophoresis in the presence of SDS. Since the size of the inhibitor or is the smallest amens those reported so far, it may represent a functional unit for inhibiting Caa+_activated protease. This protein is also capable of inhibiting the protease isolated loom chick skeletal muscle. Thus, the functional unit of the inhibitor most well be conserved during evolution. Howrver, it remains unclear what may be the physiological significance of the presence of the Iow-molecular weight form of the inhibitor in neoplastic tissues of human stomach. 사람의 위암조직으로부터 Ca2)_activated protease을 저해하는 단백질을 열처리 및 여러 크로마토그라피 방법을 이용하여 순수분리 하였다. 이 저해단백질은SDS-전기영동카자1 filtra-tion의 방법에 의하여 그 분자량이 17 kDa으로 나타남으로 보아 단일 Polypeptide로 구성되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이 저해 단백질의 분자량은 지금까지 알려진 CaB+_activated protease의 저해단백질에 비하여 가장 작은 것이었다. 따라서, 이 단.백질은 Ca2)에 의하여 활성화되는 단백질 분해효소의 작용을 저해하는 기능적 단위로 추측되었다. 한편, 이 저해제는 계 골격근에서 추출한 Ca2+ _activated protease의 촹성 도 억제 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러 한 결과는 이 저 해 단백질의 기능적 단위가 진화과정 동안 오래 보존되어 왔음을 시사한다. 그러나, 사람의 위암조직에서 이 저해제가 무슨 이유로 가장 작은 분자량의 단백질로 존재하는지에 대한 생리학적 중요성에 관한 문제는 앞으로 많이 연구되어져 야 할 것이다.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2006

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-$\rho$-dioxin(TCDD) is a ubiquitous, persistent environmental contaminant and the most powerful carcinogen categorized by IARC. Although the mechanism of carcinogenesis by TCDD is poorly understood, several studies have shown that the skin is one of target organs far TCDD. In this study, we investigated the neoplastic transformation of human keratinocyte-derived cell line, HaCaT, by chemical transformation method using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrorsoguanidine(MNNG) and TCDD. We found that subsequent exposure to TCDD for 3 weeks after initial exposure to MNNG markedly induced transformed cells. It was suggested that TCDD can act as a potent promoter in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, these transformed cells showed morphological alternations in soft agar and increased telomerase activity. Therefore, the TCDD treatment of HaCaT cells by initiated with MNNG could promote neoplastic transformation without stimulation by exogenous growth factors. As a result, TCDD had a strong potency as a promoter in nontumorigenic immortalized human epidermal keratinocytes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.2307-2312
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• 2015

Curcumol is a sesquiterpene originally isolated from curcuma rhizomes, a component of herbal remedies commonly used in oriental medicine. Its beneficial pharmacological activities have attract significant interest recently. In this study, anti-cancer activity of curcumol was examined with both in vitro and in vivo models. It was found that curcumol exhibited time- and concentration-dependent anti-proliferative effects in SPC-A-1 human lung adenocarcinoma cells with cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase while apoptosis-induction was also confirmed with flow cytometry and morphological analyses. Interestingly, curcumol did not display growth inhibition in MRC-5 human embryonic lung fibroblasts, suggesting the anti-proliferative effects of curcumol were specific to cancer cells. Anti-neoplastic effects of curcumol were also confirmed in tumor bearing mice. Curcumol (60 mg/ kg daily) significantly reduced tumor size without causing notable toxicity. In conclusion, curcumol appears a favorable anti-cancer candidate for further development.