• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.390-394
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• 2002

Basal cell adenocarcinoma is an epithelial neoplasm which is cytologically and histomorphologically similar to basal cell adenoma but is different because of the infilitrative growth. This tumor, a rare salivary gland tumor newly classified as basal cell adenocarcinoma by the WHO in 1991, is infiltrative, locally destructive and tends to recur but metastasis is less common. The differential diagnosis includes basal cell adenoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and basaloid squamous carcinoma. Nearly 90 percent of these tumors occurr in the parotid gland and can be classified into low grade carcinomas with a relative good prognosis. Basal cell adenocarcinoma of minor salivary gland is very rare and has a less favorable clinical course compared with that of the major salivary glands. This is a case of basal cell adenocarcinoma occurring at the minor salivary gland of the soft palate. We treated this patient with block excision and adjunctive radiation therapy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.570-573
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• 2003

Sarcomatoid carcinomas of the lung are rare malignant biphasic tumors, which contain both a malignant epithelial component and a sarcomatoid component. The majority of patients are men and the mean age of onset is 60 years at the time of diagnosis. A metastasis to the regional lymph nodes and to distant organs is common. The clinical course of patients with this neoplasm is aggressive, with an overall 5-year survival rate approximating 20%. A sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung is often observed in the large bronchi and peripheral lung field than in the trachea, and the clinical manifestations are related to their specific location. We report a case of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung in a 79-year-old man who presented with dyspnea on exertion.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.413-417
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• 1994

Adenoid cystic carcinoma usually grows in the trachea or near its bifurcation and causes obstruction of the air way. We recently experienced a 33 year-old male patient who had adenoid cystic carcinoma in the left main bronchus with the chief complaint of productive cough. On the bronchoscopy, the mass obstructed the left main bronchus completely and had nodularity and increased vascularity.The trachea was shifted to the left side and the lower lobe of the left lung was atelectatic on chest X-ray and computed axial tomogram.He underwent left tracheal sleeve pneumonectomy and lymph node dissection through bilateral thoracotomy. At first,we attempted left tracheal sleeve pneumonectomy through the left thoracotomy,however, it was very difficult to perform carinoplastic procedure after sleeve resection of 2.5cm of distal trachea and 1cm of proximal right main bronchus including whole left lung because of poor operative field and difficulty in the anastomosis of the right main bronchus to the distal end of the trachea without tension.Therefore after radical resection of the left lung we made right thoracotomy,through which we could anastomosed the distal trachea and right main bronchus with 4-0 PDS interrupted suture after mobilization of the right hilum without difficulty. The tumor was confirmed to be adenoid cystic carcinoma with metastasis to subcarinal lymph node histopathologically. Postoperative course was uneventful but he needed two bronchoscopic procedure to clear distal airway of the retained bronchial secretion. He was discharged at 14 days after operation with complete recovery.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.375-393
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• 2021

Percutaneous osteoplasty (POP) is defined as the injection of bone cement into various painful bony lesions, refractory to conventional therapy, as an extended technique of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). POP can be applied to benign osteochondral lesions and malignant metastatic lesions throughout the whole skeleton, whereas PVP is restricted to the vertebral body. Common spinal metastases occur in the thoracic (70%), lumbosacral (20%), and cervical (10%) vertebrae, in order of frequency. Extraspinal metastases into the ribs, scapulae, sternum, and humeral head commonly originate from lung and breast cancers; extraspinal metastases into the pelvis and femoral head come from prostate, urinary bladder, colon, and uterine cervical cancers. Pain is aggravated in the dependent (or weight bearing) position, or during movement (or respiration). The tenderness and imaging diagnosis should match. The supposed mechanism of pain relief in POP is the augmentation of damaged bones, thermal and chemical ablation of the nociceptive nerves, and local inhibition of tumor invasion. Adjacent (facet) joint injections may be needed prior to POP (PVP). The length and thickness of the applied needle should be chosen according to the targeted bone. Bone cement is also selected by its osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and osteogenesis. Needle route should be chosen as a shortcut to reach the target bony lesions, without damage to the nerves and vessels. POP is a promising minimally invasive procedure for immediate pain relief. This review provides a technical survey for POPs in painful bony lesions.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.93-97
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• 2021

The limited mouth opening, also known as trismus, can result from temporomandibular joint disorders, infection, neoplasm, trauma, and abnormal anatomic structure like coronoid hyperplasia. Head and neck cancer patients often complain of limited mouth opening, which is usually induced by myofibrotic contracture of masticatory muscle. But clinicians should consider any reasons such as infection or cancer growth and metastasis if trismus gets worse or pain develops. We report the case of the patient, who was diagnosed with myxofibrosarcoma on nasal cavity. He had suffered from trismus after concurrent chemoradiotherapy. However, pain had developed and trismus had worsened. He was diagnosed with infratemporal space abscess and myositis of masticatory muscles.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.235-253
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• 2019

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the deadliest malignancies in the world. Currently, clinical treatment decisions are mostly made based on the extent of the tumor and its anatomy, such as tumor-node-metastasis staging. Recent advances in genome-wide molecular technology have enabled delineation of the molecular characteristics of GC. Based on this, efforts have been made to classify GC into molecular subtypes with distinct prognosis and therapeutic response. Simplified algorithms based on protein and RNA expressions have been proposed to reproduce the GC classification in the clinical field. Furthermore, a recent study established a single patient classifier (SPC) predicting the prognosis and chemotherapy response of resectable GC patients based on a 4-gene real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. GC patient stratification according to SPC will enable personalized therapeutic strategies in adjuvant settings. At the same time, patient-derived xenografts and patient-derived organoids are now emerging as novel preclinical models for the treatment of GC. These models recapitulate the complex features of the primary tumor, which is expected to facilitate both drug development and clinical therapeutic decision making. An integrated approach applying molecular patient stratification and patient-derived models in the clinical realm is considered a turning point in precision medicine in GC.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.77-80
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• 2019

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC), a very rare neoplasm located mostly in the mandible, has been regarded as a benign tumor. However, due to the accumulation of case reports, CCOC has been reclassified as a malignant entity by the World Health Organization. Patients with CCOC present with regional swelling and periodontal indications with variable pain, often remaining misdiagnosed for a long period. CCOC has slow growth but aggressive behavior, requiring radical resection. Histologic analysis revealed the monophasic, biphasic, and ameloblastic types of CCOC with clear cells and a mixed combination of polygonal and palisading cells. At the molecular level, CCOC shows the expression of cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen, along with markers that assign CCOC to the sarcoma family. At the genetic level, Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-activating transcription factor 1 fusion is regarded as the key feature for identification. Nevertheless, the scarcity of cases and dependence on histological data delay the development of an efficient therapy. Regarding the high recurrence rate and the potential of distant metastasis, further characterization of CCOC is necessary for an early and accurate diagnosis.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.203-208
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• 2021

Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of ghost cells. It is considered to originate from either a calcifying odontogenic cyst(COC) or a dentinogenic ghost cell tumor(DGCT). Its clinical and radiographic characteristics are non-specific, including slow growth, locally aggressive behavior, and eventual metastasis. This case report describes a 43-year-old Thai man with plain radiographs and cone-beam computed tomographic images revealing a unilocular radiolucency with non-corticated borders surrounding an impacted left canine associated with radiopaque foci around the cusp tip. Based on the microscopic findings, the lesion was diagnosed as GCOC. Partial maxillectomy of the right maxilla was performed, and radiotherapy was administered. An obturator was made to support masticatory functions Three years later, the lesion showed complete bone remodeling and no signs of recurrence, and long-term follow-up was done regularly.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2019

Stomach cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in the world. The incidence of stomach cancer is declining worldwide, however, gastric cancer still remains the third most common cause of cancer death. The tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging system has been frequently used as a method for cancer staging system and the most important reference in cancer treatment. In 2016, the classification of gastric cancer TNM staging was revised in the 8^th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) edition. There are several modifications in stomach cancer staging in this edition compared to the 7^th edition. First, the anatomical boundary between esophagus and stomach has been revised, therefore the definition of stomach cancer and esophageal cancer has refined. Second, N3 is separated into N3a and N3b in pathological classification. Patients with N3a and N3b revealed distinct prognosis in stomach cancer, and these results brought changes in pathological staging. Several large retrospective studies were conducted to compare staging between the 7^th and 8^th AJCC editions including prognostic value, stage grouping homogeneity, discriminatory ability, and monotonicity of gradients globally. The main objective of this review is to evaluate the clinical and pathological implications of AJCC 8^th staging classification in the stomach cancer.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.379-387
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• 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is most commonly diagnosed worldwide. Liquiritigenin is a flavonoid found in various species of the Glycyrrhiza genus, showing anti-tumor activity. This article was to explore the influences of liquiritigenin on the biological behaviors of BC cells and its underlying mechanism. BC cells were treated with liquiritigenin alone or transfected with oe-HSP90 before liquiritigenin treatment. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were employed to examine the levels of HSP90, Snail, E-cadherin, HSC70, and LAMP-2A. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated by performing MTT, colony formation, scratch, and Transwell assays, respectively. Liquiritigenin treatment reduced HSP90 and Snail levels and enhanced E-cadherin expression as well as inhibiting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells. Moreover, liquiritigenin treatment decreased the expression of HSC70 and LAMP-2A, proteins related to chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). HSP90 overexpression promoted the CMA, invasion, and migration of BC cells under liquiritigenin treatment. Liquiritigenin inhibits HSP90-mediated CMA, thereby suppressing BC cell growth.