• Title/Summary/Keyword: Nelumbo nucifera G.

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Quality Characteristics of Domestic Wheat White Bread with Substituted Nelumbo nucifera G. Tea Powder (백련차 분말을 대체한 우리밀 식빵의 품질 특성)

  • Kim, Young-Sook;Kim, Mun-Yong;Chun, Soon-Sil
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.448-456
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    • 2008
  • In this study, domestic wheat white breads were prepared with the substitution of 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0% Nelumbo nucifera G. tea powder(NNTP). The samples and a control were then compared with regard to quality characteristics, including pH, total titratable acidity, fermentation power of dough expansion, specific volume, baking loss, moisture content, color, textural characteristics, external and internal surface appearances, and sensory qualities in order to determine the optimal ratio of NNTP in the formulation. As the NNTP contents increased, the pH of dough and bread, baking loss, and lightness decreased, whereas the total titratable acidity of dough and bread increased. The fermentation power of dough expansion increased with increasing incubation time. The NNTP samples evidenced significantly higher specific volume, greenness, yellowness, resilience, and crumb consistency than were observed in the control group. However, hardness and fracturability evidenced the opposite effect. The water content and uniformity of the crumb pores were highest at a substitution level of 1.5%, and were lowest at a level of 4.5%. Crumb color, flavor, and delicious taste decreased with increasing NNTP contents, whereas lotus leaf flavor, astringency, bitterness, and off-flavor increased. Density of the crumb pore and crumb springiness were not significantly different among the samples. Softness, chewiness, and overall acceptability were maximal with the 1.5% substitution, and were minimal in the 6.0% group. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that $1.5{\sim}3.0%$ NNTP may prove quite useful as a substitute for domestic wheat flour in the production of white bread, and may evidence favorable nutritional and functional properties.

Rheological Properties of Korean Wheat Composite Flour and Dough with Nelumbo nucifera G. Tea Powder (백련차 분말을 대체한 우리밀 혼합분과 반죽의 특성)

  • Kim, Young-Sook;Jung, Seung-Tai;Kim, Mun-Yong;Chun, Soon-Sil
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.757-762
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    • 2008
  • In this study, korean wheat composite flour and dough were prepared with 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6% Nelumbo nucifera G. tea powder(NNTP). The samples and a control were then compared qualitatively in terms of moisture, protein, ash, and wet gluten content. The farinogram, amylogram, and extensogram characteristics of the dough were also examined, in order to determine the optimal ratio of NNTP for the formulation. According to our results, the moisture content of the flour decreased with increasing NSPP content, whereas its protein and ash content, resistance, and R/E ratio at 135 min of extensogram increased. The NNTP samples had a significantly higher water absorption and weakness of farinogram and maximum resistance at 45, 90, and 135 min. Additionally, samples had an R/E ratio at 45 min of extensogram, 90 min less than the control group. However, stability of the farinogram, temperature of maximum and maximum viscosity of the amylogram, and extensibility of the extensogram showed the reverse effect. The control and NNTP samples showed significant differences in gelatinization beginning temperature of the amylogram, while development time of the farinogram was not significantly different. With regard to the extensogram characteristics of the dough, the area of the control and 1.5% NNTP increased with increasing testing time, whereas at 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0% NNTP, extensibility, and resistance, maximum resistance, and R/E ratio of control and NNTP samples decreased. An area of 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0% NNTP and extensibility of 1.5% NNTP were not significantly different among the testing times. In conclusion, these results show that 1.5% NNTP may prove very useful as a substitute for korean wheat flour where the production of korean wheat white bread is concerned. It may also provide good nutritional and functional properties.

Inhibitory Effect of Nelumbo nucifera Leaf Extracts on the Formation of Heterocyclic Amines and Mutagenicity during Cooking Beef Steak (쇠고기 스테이크 조리 시 백련 잎 추출물에 의한 Heterocyclic Amine류의 생성 및 돌연변이원성 억제 효과)

  • Moon, Seung-Eun;Sung, Ji-Hoon;Shin, Han-Seung
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.563-569
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    • 2011
  • Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are food mutagens and carcinogens that are found in cooked fish, meat, and protein-rich foods. This study examined the inhibitory effect of marinades containing a Nelumbo nucifera leaf fraction on HCA formation in cooked beef steak. As a result of the Ames assay, cooked beef marinated with the N. nucifera leaf butanol fraction (2.0 g) cooked at $190^{\circ}C$ showed a 61.5% reduction in overall mutagenicity. However, these data revealed no significant difference in mutagenicity in the ethanol, ethyl acetate, or water fractions. Formation of MeIQx (2-amino-3,8 dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxalin) and PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine) was inhibited 60.7-63.5%. Cooked beef marinated with the water fraction of the N. nucifera leaf significantly (p<0.05) reduced the formation of MeIQx, PhIP, and DiMeIQx (2-amino-3,4,8 trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline) by 65.3, 67.6, and 73.9%, respectively. These results show that marinades containing the N. nucifera leaf fraction could be an alternative method for reducing HCA formation in cooked beef steak.

Characteristics of Yanggaeng with Lotus Root and Omija (연근과 오미자를 이용하여 제조한 양갱의 특성)

  • Park Sung Hye;Hyun Joong Soon;Park Sung Jin;Han Jong Hyun
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.1437-1442
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    • 2004
  • In this study, lotus root(Nelumbo nucifera G.) and omija(Schizandrae fructus), which have been used in oriental medicine and folks remedy, were examined to apply to functional foods. We prepared yanggaeng with lotus root, sugar, oligosaccharide, agar, omija extract solution and analyzed the nutritional composition(moisture, protein, fat, ash, crude fiber, carbohydrate, free sugar and minerals). Also we investigated texture profile and evaluated sensory characteristics of developed yanggaengs and 8 commercial ones. Potassium and crude fiber contents of yanggaeng with lotus root were higher than the commercial yanggaengs. Cohesiveness, springiness and gumminess of lotus root yanggaeng were the same levels of commercial yanggaengs. Sensory evaluation with the ones, showed that the lotus yanggaeng was more desirable than the commercial ones. Yanggaeng with lotus had good scores in texture profile and sensory evaluation compared with commercial yanggaengs. These results demonstrated that lotus root hadsufficient values to use a foodstuff for yanggaeng.

The Scavenging Effect of 207 Oriental Medicines and 19 Oriental Prescriptions on 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl Radical (207종 한약과 활성 한약이 포함된 19종 한약 방제의 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl 라디칼 소거작용)

  • Kim Min-San;Her Jong-Moon;Park Jong-Cheol
    • Herbal Formula Science
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.159-175
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    • 2004
  • The inhibitory effects of 207 oriental medicines and 19 oriental prescriptions on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical were examined. The most effective oriental medicines were the fruit of Terminalia chebula, followed in order by the seed of Areca catechu, the heart wood of Caesalpinia sappan, the pericarp of Castanea crenata, the seed of Nelumbo nucifera, Rhus galls, the root of Sanguisorba officinalis, and the bark of Betula platyphylla at the concentration of 10 ${\mu}g$/mL. Of the 19 oriental prescriptions, Buyeonsan and Samsinhwan showed the potent scavenging activities of 88% and 71% on DPPH radical at the concentration of 5 ${\mu}g$/mL, respectively.

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Antioxidant and Neuronal Cell Protective Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Lotus Leaf Tea

  • Jeong, Chang-Ho;Jeong, Hee-Rok;Choi, Sung-Gil;Heo, Ho Jin
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.115-127
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    • 2012
  • Antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effects of aqueous extract from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf tea (LLTE) were investigated. The 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging effect, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and malondialdehyde inhibition of LLTE were increased in a dose dependent manner. Intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation resulting from hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) treatment was significantly reduced when LLTE were present in the media compared to PC12 cells treated with $H_2O_2$ only. In neuronal cell viability assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT), LLTE showed protective effect against $H_2O_2$-induced neurotoxicity. In addition, lactate dehydrogenase release into medium was also inhibited by LLTE (7.13-43.89%). Total phenolics of LLTE were 33.16 mg/g and a quercetin was identified as major phenolics (105.93 mg/100g). Therefore, above these data suggest that LLTE including quercetin may be useful in the natural antioxidant substance, and may reduce the risk of neurodegenerative disease.

Antimicrobial Effect of the Fractions Extracted from a Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Leaf (연잎 추출물의 항균 효과)

  • Lee, Kyung-Seok;Oh, Chang-Seok;Lee, Ki-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.219-223
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    • 2006
  • In this study the antimicrobial activity of the extract from leaves of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) was evaluated in comparison with benzoic acid. The $70\%$ ethanol extract was fractionated subsequently by hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water, and the antimicrobial activity of each dried fraction was tested by paper disk diffusion method. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited strong antimicrobial activity on the five strains of food born bacteria e.g. Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium and Pseudomonas nuorescens. The antimicrobial activity of the fraction was stronger than benzoic acid and showed no appreciable difference between on $Gm^+$ and $Gm^-$ bacteria. Heat treatment of the fraction at $110^{\circ}C$ for 1 hr did not change the degree of inhibitory effect. The ethyl acetate fraction showed almost perfect growth inhibition on the tested strains at over 800 ppm.

Anti Oralmicrobial Activity of Various Extracts from Parts of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) (구강위생균에 대한 연(Nulumbo nucifera)의 부위별.용매별 항균활성)

  • Lee, Eun-Soo;Han, Young-Sook
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2011
  • Anti oralmicrobial effects of Nulembo nucifera were determined against S.mutans, S.sobrinus S.sobrinus, F.nucleatum, and A.actinomycetemcomitans using paper disc method, minimum inhibitory concentrate (MICs). Extracts of lotus leaf showed the highest yield. MeOH extract is 21%, Chloroform fraction is 4.2%, ethylacetate fraction is 8.2%, water fraction is 19%. Different parts such as flower, leaf, seed and pod showed antimicrobial effects against S.mutans, with flower and seed extracts showing strong antimicrobial effect aganinst S.sobrinus KCCM11897. Leaf extract(1000pm concentration) showed over 50% inhibitory effect against S.mutans and S.sobrinus KCCM11897. Flower extract showed over 40% inhibitory effect against F.nucleatum and A.actinomycetemcomitans. MICs of flower extract against S.sobrinus KCCM11897,11898 and leaf extract against S.mutans, S.sobrinus KCCM11897 were $625\;{\mu}g/ml$, indicating Nulembo nucifera extract can exert antimicrobial activity even at low concentration. All extractes with heat at $120^{\circ}C$ had antimicrobial activity, which means that is a very stable substances. F.nucleatum and A.actinomycetemcomitans was stable against acid it had a trend that the more akali side was the lower acitivity.

Nutritional Contents of Beverage from Lotus Root and Evaluation of its Physiological Function in Aorta Relation (연근음료의 영양학적 특징 및 흰쥐의 혈관개선에 미치는 효과)

  • Ham, Tae-Sick;Han, Jong-Hyun;Park, Sung-Hye
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.490-494
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this was investigate the possibility of medicinal plants application as an edible functional food resources. We arried out to develop a beverage by using Nelumbo nucifera and we examined the nutritional characterics. Also we examined the effects of drink on physiological function in aorta relation. Thus, the effect of developed beverage on phenylephrine induced contraction of isolated rat thoracic aorta. Contractile force was measured with force displacement thansducer under 1.5g loading tension. Brix, pH and titratable acidity of developed drink were 12.25%, 4.5 and 0.092%. The approximate nutritional composition of beverage was carbohydrate, 9.40%, crude protein, 0.30%, crude fat, 0.25% and ash, 0.15%. Also insoluble fiber and soluble fiber were 1.30%, 0.80%. Developed beverage contained Na(11.45 mg%), K(6.87 mg%), Ca(2.53 mg%). The contraction forces by injection of phenylephrine in isolated thoracic aorta were significantly law in each beverage treatment groups compared with control group. These results that developed drink with medicinal plants can be used as a functional material to decrease aorta contraction.