• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.115-128
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• 2019

Huam-dong is a representative area from the Japanese colonial period and is the space where most Japanese-style buildings remain in Seoul. Interest in modern cultural heritage continues to increase, including the registration of cultural properties in 2001, building assets in 2015, and the registration of cultural property units in 2018. As the debate continues over the necessity of preserving cultural heritage that reminds us of the Japanese colonial, there is a need for research to grasp the perceptions of stakeholders along with the perceived value of such spaces. This study identified the subjective perception types of the stakeholders concerned with the Japanese-style building group in Huam-dong, analyzed characteristics by types, and debated the issues. For this purpose, Q methodology, which is a statistical technique for measuring human self-subjectivity and extracting common human perspectives, was used. A literature study on the values of Huam-dong and modern cultural heritage was conducted, and a Q questionnaire based on five aspects of modern cultural heritage values (historical, architectural, sociocultural, landscape, and economic) was applied. The results of the study depicted three types of cognition and showed different attitudes toward the Japanese building group. This study found a conflict comparing the perceptional differences between the types of cognition. This study is meaningful in that it provides an in-depth approach to the perspectives of the stakeholders concerned with the Japanese-style buildings clustered in central Seoul. It is also meant to present a theoretical framework that can be applied to the use area as sustainable cultural heritage through the establishment of preservation and utilization of Japanese-style areas and conflict resolution.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.156-163
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• 2020

This study was conducted to provide basic data for realistic applicable changes of sirens by identifying the stress due to the currently used sirens and the need for improving siren. The data was collected from an online survey of 267 subjects who voluntarily agreed to join this study from August 2019 to September, 2019. A structured questionnaire was used as a research tool. The results were analyzed by means and standard deviations, percentages and frequency analysis, and independent t-tests using SPSS. For the current workplace emergency siren type, it is believed that the number of hybrid formats was 143, the most negative opinion of the siren is high at 132, so periodic replacement is needed. For contextual stresses, the highest was 4.35 ± 0.94, when the siren was heard during bedtime. In the stress during sleep, which was based on the daily mean number of movements,, a statistically significant difference was shown between groups of 9 or more movements and below 9 movements (p <0.05). The type of siren paramedics wanted was 'soft music' and 'sound of nature'. More than half of 168 people (62.9%) wanted to replace the current siren, and 163 (91.6%) wanted that periodically within 24 months. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the siren.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.543-554
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analysis of the cognitions of Korean science teachers and Timor-Leste's science teachers about the teacher training for the professional development as a science teacher held by Korean science teachers. Most of the Timor-Leste's Science teachers who participated at the teacher training mostly had their 10-year teaching career and were secondary school teachers. The purpose of the teacher training is to provide the science educational support for them and to encourage their own development; to effectively donate their skills and talents as a science teacher in their country. The data was collected from participant observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results were as follows: many Korean teachers recognized that it is necessary to localize the experimental materials and utilize an appropriate language for the science education of Timor-Leste. Furthermore, until the stable science teacher training system of Timor-Leste is set up, it is necessary to be the precise understandings of the curriculum, the correct data regarding the state of education in Timor-Leste, and the knowledge need to Timor-Leste's science teachers. Meanwhile most of the Timor-Leste's Science teachers mostly had some difficulties in using language due to double translation, paying the participant fee, and travelling long distance from their country in participating the teacher training. What they expected at the teacher training was to enhance their professional ability as a science teacher, and to be able to manage the teacher training for Timor-Leste's science teachers by their own selves.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to provide the material about the treatment effect of hand function training and writing training being performed as a part of treatment to improve the function of the non-dominant hand of the patients whose dominant hand is damaged and thus need to improve their non-dominant hand's function. Method : During one month of November, 2013, this study randomly chose five study subjects for hand function training, five for writing training, and ten of control group from 20 normal male and female adults going to K Univ. in Busan. All study subjects fully understood all of the training course, agreed to take the test in this study, and volunteered to participate in the test. Each training was performed five times for two weeks, 30 minutes each time. For measurement, Purdue pegboard was used to look into the change of hand dexterity. To investigate an improvement in hand function through hand function training and writing training, this study conducted early evaluation before training, interim evaluation, and final evaluation. Result : First, according to the comparison of dominant hand dexterity by group and by method during a training period, the groups of hand function training and of writing training improved dominant hand dexterity more than the control group. Secondly, according to the comparison of non-dominant hand dexterity by group during a training period, the groups of hand function training and of writing training improved dexterity more than the control group. According to the comparison of non-dominant hand dexterity by method during a training period, there was no big difference in dexterity between the groups of hand function training and of writing training and the control group. But, the group of hand function training showed a further improvement. Thirdly, according to the comparison of both-hand dexterity by group and by method during a training period, the groups of hand function training and of writing training improved both-hand dexterity more than the control group. Fourthly, according to the comparison of both-hand handling ability by group and by method during a training period, the groups of hand function training and of writing training improved both-hand handling ability more than the control group. Conclusion : Given the study result, it is considered that hand function training and writing training help brain damaged patients improve their hand function for their daily activity. And it will be meaningful to research brain damaged patients' motor skills after their brain damage, and the patients who have low abilities of visual perception and cognition. In the future, it will be necessary to secure more study subjects and perform systematic training during a sufficient test period.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.95-107
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical nurses' knowledge of DM and diabetes patient education aptitude so as to provide a basis for clinical nurse training with respect to diabetes patient education program. The data has been collected through the questionnaires of 42 items from the Knowledge on DM and each 16 item from the Importance on the elements of diabetes patient and the Recognition for clinical nurses, respectfully. 166 nurses from a general hospital who had participated in clinical nurse training in Sep. 28 and Oct. 4, 2001 were subject to respond the questionnaires. Analysis has been done by using statistical method such as percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The findings are as follows: 1. Clinical nurses' knowledge levels of diabetes 1) The average level of nurses' knowledge about diabetes is 29.37 (right answer- finding rate: 70%), which is intermediate. 2) Amongst the nurses classified by their knowledge levels about diabetes, the group with less than one year career and that with more than 5 year careers are found to have higher knowledge levels. The item with the highest right answer-finding rate was 'Please find the wrong out of the following examples about foot care'. Meanwhile, the item with highest incorrect answer-finding rate was 'what does blood sugar control aims for amongst gestational diabetes?'. 2. Clinical nurses' importance and perception levels of educational training about diabetes 1) There were no differences amongst nurses' importance level about diabetes. 2) Nurses usually had high scores(4.30) in terms of the items related to the importances about educational training. 3) There were quite high recognitions of general characteristics and symptoms about diabetes, amongst the nurse cohorts working more than one year and less than 5 years, and over 5 years, the group belonging to the internal department, that having the previous experiences of dealing with diabetes, and that having their diabetic relatives and other close people. Meanwhile, strangely, the group who identified themselves as 'not good at treating diabetes' had a high recognition level of educational training about diabetes. 3. Relationship between knowledge levels and importance & perception levels of diabetes 1) The higher knowledge about diabetes nurses had, the more importance they recognized. 2) It is found that there was no relationship between knowledge and perception of diabetes. 3) The more importance about diabetes nurses had, the higher perception they obtained. In conclusion, there is an urgent need for systematic educational programs about diabetes including technical aspects, in order to upgrade and improve nurses knowledge levels. In addition, re-educational training should be provided at regular intervals. Further, we believe the nurses with high knowledge about diabetes and interests in the provision of educations for patients can be far more confident, and in return, patients can have better self-management about diabetes obtained through educations. Based on the above-mentioned findings, we would like to make the suggestion: re-evaluation about nurses' knowledge and cognition levels should be carried out after job training programs about diabetes.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.221-235
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the learning effects according to the level of Science State Curiosity (SSC) and Science State Anxiety (SSA) in science learning situation for 5th~6th grade elementary school students. To achieve this purpose, we measured and analyzed SSC and SSA in each learning situation by dividing science learning into three situations: Confronting scientific task (I), Checking the results (II), and Learning science concepts (III). In order to identify the net effects of SSC and SSA on learning effects, science curiosity, need for cognition, science self-concept, science anxiety, and interest, which were expected to affect the learning effects, were controlled. SSC and SSA in the situation of confronting scientific tasks were defined as 'SSCI' and 'SSAI,' SSC and SSA in the situation of checking the results were defined as 'SSCII' and 'SSAII,' and SSC and SSA in the situation of learning science concepts were defined as 'SSCIII' and 'SSAIII.' In addition, the learning effects were divided into post-learning effect and delayed post-learning effect, and the degree of improvements in the post- or delayed post-test scores compared to the pre-test score were calculated and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, SSCI·SSCII had a positive effect on the post- and the delayed post-learning effect, but SSAIII had a negative effect on the post- and delayed post-learning effect, SSAI·SSAII had a negative effect on the post-learning effect. SSC had a greater effect on learning effects than SSA, and SSCII had the most influence on the post-learning effect and SSCI had the most influence on the delayed post-learning effect. As SSCIII increased, there was a tendency to do additional voluntary learning. The results of this study are expected to broaden the understanding of students' emotional states in science learning and provide a theoretical foundation for studies of state curiosity and state anxiety.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.406-413
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• 2023

Captive breeding and reintroduction are crucial strategies for conserving endangered species populations. However, fish raised in predator-free environments, show a lack of recognition of predationrelated stimuli such as chemical and visual signals. It is critical to recognize chemical signals from injured conspecifics, also known as alarm signals, and the order or shape of predators to indicate the spread of predation risk in the habitat. We conducted a laboratory experiment to determine and adjust the optimal exposure period to induce appropriate anti-predator behavior response to different types of stimuli (Chemical, Visual and Chemical+Visual) for the endangered species Microphysogobio rapidus. Our results demonstrate that predator avoidance behavior varies depending on the types of stimuli and the duration of predation risk exposure. First, the results showed captive-breed M. rapidus show lack of response against conspecific alarm signal (Chemical cue) before the predation risk exposure period and tend to increase response over predation risk exposure time. Second, response to predator (visual cue) tend to peak at 48 hours cumulative exposure, but show dramatic decrease after 72 hours cumulative exposure. Finally, response to the mixed cue (Chemical+visual) tend to peak prior to the predation risk exposure period and show reduced response during subsequent exposure periods. This experiment confirms the lack of responsiveness to conspecific alarm signals in captive-bred M. rapidus and the need for an optimal nature behavior enhancement program prior to release of endangered species. Furthermore, responsiveness to predator visual signal peak at 48 hours cumulative exposure, suggest an optimal predation risk exposure period of up to 48 hours.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.107-123
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• 2008

This research focused on the aging society and the silver industry in adolescents. This subjects were the 642 high school students living in Gwangju. Data were analyzed with Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Std, $x^2$, and t-test using SPSS/PC WIN 14.0 program. The major findings were as follows: 1. The attitude to the old was found quite positive in the questioning items concerning the psychological aspects and family relationship. In the questioning items concerning the physical aspect, on the other hand, was the attitude shown a little negative. Most respondents didn't have a clear understanding of the aging society. Also the perception toward the old showed significant difference according to meeting frequency with grand-parents. The knowledge of the aging society showed significant difference according to sex. 2. Although they recognized the need of the silver industry, they didn't wish to have a job related to the silver industry. Also they represented the idea that the medical care service is the most essential for the silver industry showed significant difference according to sex. The selection of job related to the silver industry showed significant difference according to meeting frequency with grand-parents. 3. Most of the respondents were aware of the need to education for understanding of the old. In the course of home economics, the education of the silver industry should be given vocation and comprehension about the old. The need to education for understanding of the old showed significant difference according to sex, experience of living and meeting frequency with grand-parents. The education of the silver industry showed significant difference according to sex, experience of living with grand-parents.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.285-293
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the effects of attitude to death in hospice and palliative professionals on their terminal care stress, and to analyze relationships among variables related to the two aforementioned parameters, such as depression and coping strategies. Methods: Participants were 131 hospice and palliative professionals from the cancer units of two tertiary hospitals and two general hospitals, two hospice facilities, two geriatric hospitals, and two convalescent hospitals in J province. Data were collected from April through June 2015 and analyzed using t-test, factor analysis, ANOVA ($Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test), ANCOVA, and Pearson's correlation and a path analysis using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 and AMOS 18.0 programs. Results: The score for attitude to death was low (2.63), and that for depression was 0.45. Among all, 16.0% of the participants showed need for depression management. They scored 3.82 on terminal care stress. The subcategory with the highest mark was inner conflicts on limitation given availability of medical services (4.04). The score on coping strategy was low (3.13). They used passive coping strategies such as interpersonal avoidance (4.03), fulfilling basic needs (3.65) such as sleeping or eating. Attitudes to death had a direct negative effect on the terminal care stress level and indirectly affected through depression and fulfilling basic needs (CS2). Conclusion: It is necessary to provide hospice and palliative professionals with education on death and dying, as well as access to programs that provide emotional support and promote positive cognition of death and dying.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.150-157
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated the differences of mapping understanding and the types of mapping errors by the levels of students' cognitive/affective variables and the relationships between mapping understanding and these variables in learning 'concentration and reaction rate' with analogy. After administering the tests regarding logical thinking ability, visual imagery ability, analogical reasoning ability, self efficacy, and need for cognition as pretests, students learned with analogy. Then, students' familiarity and mapping understanding were examined. Analyses of the results revealed that the scores of the mapping understanding for the students with higher levels of all cognitive/affective variables except visual imagery ability and familiarity were significantly higher than those for the students with lower levels. The differences in the types of the mapping errors such as overmapping, failure to map, impossible mapping, artificial mapping, mismapping, rash mapping, and retention of a base feature were also found by the levels of students' cognitive and affective variables. The scores of students' mapping understanding were positively correlated with those of all cognitive and affective variables. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that students' science achievement, logical thinking ability, and familiarity were significant predictors of mapping understanding. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.