• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.55-58
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• 1990

A case of severe complications following intrathecal administration of 45 ml of hypertonic saline solution for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia was presented. Transient immediate complications included were tachycardia, hypertension, neck stiffness and muscle twitch. Pulmonary edema, paralytic intestinal obstruction, and the cauda equina syndrome including sphincter disorder with atonic urinary bladder developed shortly after the injection. Tenesmus and sensory abnormality around perineum and soles were the longlasting complications.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2000

In the study of psychosomatic disorders caused by Qi-experience, the results were as follows: 1. People are becoming more and more interested in qigong, but sometimes peple are suffer from side effects from Qi-experience. In oder to treat this side effects of qigong, it is important to control Qi unbalance. And this is associated with the mechanism of stress-reaction. 2. The causes of side-effects were tension of body and mind, concentration of head, enduring breath, and wrong qigong-method, etc. 3. The symptoms of side-effects were headache, flushing face, chest discomfort, neck stiffness, indigestion, etc. 4. The theraphy of side-effects is herb-medicine, acupuncture, moxibution, and more effective by application of psychotheraphy, relaxation-theraphy, music, aroma, taping.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2 s.32
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• pp.237-244
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ILIB(Intravascular Laser Irradiation of blood) on Hyperfibrinogenemia. 20 patients with fibrinogen level of over $400mg／d{\ell}$ were treated with IUB. After !0 times' treatment, changes of fibrinogen level and clinical symptom were observed. The results were as follows: 1. Fibrinogen level was decreased in all of cases. 2. Most cases were suffered from neural symptoms(headache, palpitation, etc), circulatory symptoms (dizziness, numbness, deficiency of sensation, etc), musculo-skeletal symptoms(L.B.P, neck stiffness, arthralgia, etc.), fatigue, pollakiuria, constipation. After treatment, neural and circulatory symptoms were improved considerably.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2007

Objective : The purpose of this study was conducted to find treatment of forward head posture and shoulder instability with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation concept. Methods : This is literature study with books, seminar note and international course. Results : Forward head posture and shoulder instability has related each other. Forward head posture will make muscle instability, weakness and stiffness on neck and shoulder girdle. It will make pain also. Important muscle are suboccipital muscle, omohyoid muscle, sternoclaidomastoid muscle, scaleni, pectoralis minor, levator scapular and digastric. Conclusion : Treatment of the forward head posture and shoulder instability is provided. It is that treatment of stiff muscle with eccentric muscle work, muscle elongation, muscle strengthening at the structure level and at the functional level for daily activities.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was conducted to find treatment of forward head posture and shoulder instability with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation concept. Methods : This is literature study with books, seminar note and international course. Results : Forward head posture and shoulder instability has related each other. Forward head posture will make muscle instability, weakness and stiffness on neck and shoulder girdle. It will make pain also. Important muscle are suboccipital muscles, omohyoid muscle, sternoclaidomastoid muscle, scaleni, pectoralis minor, levator scapular and digastric. Conclusion : Treatment of the forward head posture and shoulder instability is provided. It is that treatment of stiff muscle with eccentric muscle work, muscle elongation, muscle strengthening at the structure level and at the functional level for daily activities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.22 no.52
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• pp.323-335
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• 1999

Spinal injuries are common these days and are increasing due to the increasing sports activities, auto-related accidents, and occupational incidences. Most of spinal injuries of strain and sprain are associated with trauma and resulted in loss of optimal musculoskeletal system in spinal column area. Some of these injuries requires surgical treatments. Fortunately, some people with spinal disorder are achieving outstanding results with the chiropractic care which utilizes muscle stimulation and strengthening, traction therapy, and spinal adjustments. These treatments using chiropractic table can ease pain by restoring alignment, improving mobility, and relieving pain and stiffness in neck and spinal areas. The purpose of this study was thus to gather the comprehensive information about spinal injuries, to define the specific dimensions, and to recommend functions of chiropractic table specially suited for Korean. This study was an integrated approach in applying the concepts of biomechanical correction of the musculoskeletal system. Also, this study was to utilize a knowledge of physics, ergonomics, and rehabilitation to the development of spine cure medicine.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.192-199
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• 2008

Objective : Silent infarct is more common in healthy elderly people and seems associated with risk of future stroke. However, the prevalence and risk factors of silent infarct are unclear. We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of silent infarct. Methods : 56 first-ever cerebral infarct patients were enrolled in this study. CT images were made of all 56 patients. We divided them into two groups according to the presence of silent infarcts and comparedage, sex, education period, WHR, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, numbness and weakness of thumb and index finger, neck stiffness, facial spasm, and blepherospasm. Result : Silent infarcts were found in 24 patients(43%). Most infarcts(48%) were located in basal ganglia. Age, sex, education period, WHR, numbness and weakness of thumb and index finger, neck stiffness, facial spasm, and blepherospasm were similar between the two groups. Diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and smoking were higher in the silent infarct group. Hypertension was higher in the non-silent infarct group. Conclusion : The prevalence of silent infarct in first-ever cerebral infarction patients was 43% and diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and smoking were higher in silent infarct patients.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.168-174
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• 1996

Purpose : Aseptic meningitis is relatively frequent in children and caused mostly by enterovirus. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of early diagnosis (spinal tapping) on symptom duration of childhood aseptic meningitis. Methods : One hundred fifty-three children who were hospitalized due to aseptic menigitis in the Department of Pediatrics St. Benedict Hospital from July 1996 through October 1996 were included in this study. Patients were divided to two groups according to the duration from first symptom onset to diagnosis. Early diagnosis group is diagnosed within 3 days from first symptom onset. Later diagnosis group is diagnosed after 4 days from first symptom onset. Results : 1) The average age of these patients was 4.3 years old in early diagnosis group and 4.1 years old in later diagnosis group. The sex ratio(male: female) was 2.04:1 in early diagnosis group and 2.5:1 in later diagnosis group. 2) The mean duration of diagnosis of this study was 2.04 day in early diagnosis group and 5.12 day in later diagnosis group. 3) The percentage of symptom and sign of the early diagnosis group were fever(100%), headache(88.4%), vomiting(86.9%), abdominal pain(39%), neck stiffness(36.2%), skin rash(18.8%), diarrhea(16.9%) and that of later diagosis group were fever(100%), headache(83.3), vomiting(80.9%), abdominal pain(47.6%), neck stiffness(41.6%), skin rash(29.7%), diarrhea(16.6%). 4) Initial CSF findings revealed leukocyte $146.8{\pm}386.3/mm^3$ with PMNL 38%, protein 32.47mg/dl, sugar 66.23mg/dl in early diagnosis group and leukocyte $458.1{\pm}663.2/mm^3$, protein 31.22mg/dl, sugar 64.21 mg/dl in later diagnosis group. 5) There was no statistically significant differance in the peripheral blood findings between early diagnosis group and later diagnosis group. 6) The duration of disappearance of symptom after spinal tap were 2.3 days in early diagnosis group and 2.24 days in later diagnosis group. Total symptom duration was 4.34 days in early diagnosis group and 7.36 days in later diagnosis group. Conclusions : Our results demonstrate that early diagnosis(early spinal tap) shortened duration of clinical symptoms.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 2015

This study was to investigate the effects of the hot compress pack on alleviating local muscular discomfort, stiffness in limbs as well as the chronic pains such as migraine in terms of hemodynamics. In this study, the hot compress band was put on the neck and the local physiological change on the stimulation site and the cranial blood circulation change were examined. We recruited healthy volunteers (n=8, mean age: 32.13 (4.61)), who participated in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. Local skin color and temperature were measured for the local effect of the hot compress band and the changes of intra-cranial and extra-cranial blood vessels were examined with MR angiography (MRA) images. The skin temperature increased from $36.4^{\circ}C$ at the rest condition to $36.7^{\circ}C$ and $37.1^{\circ}C$ after 15 min and 30 min stimulation, respectively. The change of the extra-cranial blood vessels between pre-stimulation and post-stimulation of 30 min was significantly increased (+38.8%), while the change of the intra-cranial blood vessels was negligible. In this study, we demonstrated that the hot compress band on the neck yielded the increase of local skin temperature on the stimulation site and it made an effect on the extracranial circulation. In conclusion, the stimulation with a hot compress could facilitate the blood circulation, causing to relieve the muscular discomfort, stiffness in limbs as well as the chronic pains such as migraine.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to obtain and analyze dynamic responses from human volunteers for the development of the human-like mechanical or mathematical model for Korean males in automotive rear collisions. This paper focused on the introduction to a low-speed rear impact sled test involving Korean male subjects, and the accumulation of the motion of head and neck. A total of 50 dynamic rear impact sled tests were performed with 50 human volunteers, who are 30-50 year-old males. Each subject can be involved in only one case to prevent any injury in which he was exposed to the impulse that was equivalent to a low-speed rear-end collision of cars at 5-8 km/h for change of velocity, so called, ${\Delta}V$. All subjects were examined by an orthopedist to qualify for the test through the medical check-up of their necks and low backs prior to the test. The impact device is the pendulum type, tuned to simulate the crash pulse of a real vehicle. All motions and impulses were captured and measured by motion capture systems and pressure sensors on the seat. Dynamic responses of head and T1 were analyzed in two cases(5 km/h, 8 km/h) to compare with the results in the previous studies. After the experiments, human subjects were examined to check up any change in the post medical analysis. As a result, there was no change in MRI and no injury reported. Six subjects experienced a minor stiffness on their back for no more than 2 days and got back to normal without any medical treatment.