• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.171-176
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• 2016

Sour gas is natural gas or any other gas containing significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$). Natural gas is usually considered sour gas if there are more than 5.7 milligrams of $H_2S$ per cubic meter of natural gas, which is equivalent to approximately 4 ppm by volume under standard temperature and pressure We have surveyed on the treatment and removal technology of sour gas, sour gas include a lot of hydrogen sulfide($H_2S$), Carbon dioxide($CO_2$), utane($C_4H_{10}$) and mercaptan($C_nH_{4n-1}SH$) etc. We need high technology for development for these kinds of raw gases and we should specially take care of treating and removal of theses raw gases. Therefor we are going to describe about these kinds of raw gases and about methods how to treat these kinds of gases.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.251-259
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• 2018

Metal hydride based hydrogen storage under moderate temperature and pressure gives the safety advantage over the gas and liquid storage methods. Still solid-state hydrogen storage including metal hydride is below the DOE target level for automotive applications, but it can be adapted to stationary or miliary application reasonably. In order to develop a modular solid state hydrogen storage system that can be applied to a distributed power supply system composed of renewable energy - water electrolysis - fuel cell, the heat transfer and hydrogen storage characteristics of the metal hydride necessary for the module system design were investigated using AB5 type metal hydride, LCN2 ($La_{0.9}Ce_{0.1}Ni_5$). The planetary high energy mill (PHEM) treatment of LCN2 confirmed the initial hydrogen storage activation and hydrogen storage capacity through surface modification of LCN2 material. Expanded natural graphite (ENG) addition to LCN2, and compression molding at 500 atm improved the thermal conductivity of the solid hydrogen storage material.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.113-118
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• 2006

Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), a component of the redox control system involving thioredoxin (Trx), is implicated in defense against oxidative stress, control of cell growth and proliferation, and regulation of apoptosis. In the present study a stable transfectant was made by introducing the vector pcDNA3.0 harboring the fission yeast TrxR gene into COS-7 African green monkey kidney fibroblast cells. The exogenous TrxR gene led to an increase in TrxR activity of up to 3.2-fold but did not affect glutathione (GSH) content, or glutaredoxin and caspase-3 activities. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but not those of nitric oxide (NO), were reduced. Conversely, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobezene (CDNB), an irreversible inhibitor of mammalian TrxR, enhanced ROS levels in the COS-7 cells. After treatment with hydrogen peroxide, the level of intracellular ROS was lower in the transfectants than in the vector control cells. These results confirm that TrxR is a crucial determinant of the level of cellular ROS during oxidative stress as well as in the normal state.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.487-491
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of rutaecarpine on DNA strand breaks and apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) in murine Hepa-1c1c7 cells. Oxidative DNA damage was estimated by nuclear condensation assessment, fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, and Comet assay. Rutaecarpine inhibited cell death induced by $500{\mu}M$ $H_2O_2$, as assessed by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. Treatment with rutaecarpine reduced the number of DNA strand breaks induced by $H_2O_2$, as assessed by DAPI staining and Comet assay, and increased quinone reductase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and pAkt protein levels, as assessed by western blotting.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1967

The environmental effects on radio-sensitivities of Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied; Liquid suspensions of Lactobacillus and yeast were gamma-irradiated under various conditions; temperatures, hydrogen ion concentrations, amino acids and vitamins were treated seperately with variations of concentrations. (shown in figures) It is found that simultaneous heat treatment is effective to sterilize microorganisms than pre after treatment, and concentration of hydrogen ion does not affect the lethalty of yeast but or Lactobacilli was affect at the range of pH. 5.0 to 7.0. Ascorbic acid, thiamin and pyridoxine were protective dependently against lethal action of gamma-ray and its protective effects increase with the increasings of concentrations. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, tyrosine and phenylalanine were proved to be protective for both strains at 0.1 between 1.0 percent. It can be suggested that industrial sterilizing doses of irradiation by gamma-ray for food should be applied more than those dose of saline or buffer suspension, because natural food stuffs are rich of vitamins and amino acids.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2001

The amount of petroleum consumption has been Increased according to the industrialization and It leads to the increase of the possibility of marine oil pollution. In Korea, some countermeasures including oil skimmer, gelling agent and herding agent of oil have been used for the remediation of the pollution. However, most of them have lets of shortcomings in the application under in-situ condition, because they are sensitive to the situation such as geographical feature, the wind and the tide. In reported literature, the natural powdered oil absorbent which is made of peat moss is an effective mean to clean spilled oil from lake or coast. However, the peat moss is a natural resource which is only Produced from a specific cold weather are like Canada. This indicates that the alternative materials which is readily obtained from everywhere are needed for powdered oil absorbent. Therefore. in the study, same natural materials including pine leaves and straw are tested as the alternative materials for the absorbent. The raw materials were dried and treated by heat at various temperature during several Periods and then. shattered by a grain cracking machine. The oil sorption capacity of the prepared materials was compared according to the methods of heat treatment and their sizes. The proportion of hydrogen cyanide to combustion of the absorbents was measured to confirm their final disposal methods. The biodegradability test of the absorbents was carried our to evaluate possibility of a side pollution in the coast. In was found that the heat treatment of pine leaves enhanced the capacity of oil sorption and decreased the water sorption. The maximum oil sorption was observed for the material treated at 18$0^{\circ}C$for 60 min. The amount of hydrogen cyanide from the combustion were 0.09ml/g, 0.07ml/g for pine leaves and straw respectively meaning that the final disposal by combustion might be feasible. The amount or organic carbon extracted from pine leaves during 7 days was up to 0.015g organic carbon from one gram of pine leaves. but the degradation was as fast as for glucose. It is concluded that the pine leaves can be served as a good raw material for the powdered oil absorbent like peat moss.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.350-356
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• 2019

Objective: To examine the regulatory effects of exercise on myokine expression in horse skeletal muscle cells, we compared the expression of several myokine genes (interleukin 6 [IL-6], IL-8, chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 2 [CXCL2], and chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 4 [CCL4]) after a single bout of exercise in horses. Furthermore, to establish in vitro systems for the validation of exercise effects, we cultured horse skeletal muscle cells and confirmed the expression of these genes after treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Methods: The mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, CXCL2, and CCL4 after exercise in skeletal muscle tissue was confirmed using quantitative-reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCR). We then extracted horse muscle cells from the skeletal muscle tissue of a neonatal Thoroughbred. Myokine expression after hydrogen peroxide treatments was confirmed using qRT-PCR in horse skeletal muscle cells. Results: IL-6, IL-8, CXCL2, and CCL4 expression in Thoroughbred and Jeju horse skeletal muscles significantly increased after exercise. We stably maintained horse skeletal muscle cells in culture and confirmed the expression of the myogenic marker, myoblast determination protein (MyoD). Moreover, myokine expression was validated using hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-treated horse skeletal muscle cells. The patterns of myokine expression in muscle cells were found to be similar to those observed in skeletal muscle tissue. Conclusion: We confirmed that several myokines involved in inflammation were induced by exercise in horse skeletal muscle tissue. In addition, we successfully cultured horse skeletal muscle cells and established an in vitro system to validate associated gene expression and function. This study will provide a valuable system for studying the function of exercise-related genes in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.67-67
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• 2003

Minocycline is known to protect neurons from microglia-mediated cell death in many experimental models of brain diseases including ischemic stroke, Huntingtons disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinsons disease. When the activity of caspases was assessed using their fluorescent peptide substrates, activation of caspase-2, 3, 8, and 9 was evident within 2 8 hr following oxidative insult with 0.5 mM hydrogen peroxide in PC12 cells. Minocycline significantly attenuated activation of these caspases up to 18 hr, resulting a significant increase in the cell viability as assessed by MTT assay as well as trypan blue staining. However, cleavage of alpha-spectrin and a cdk5 activator p35, which are known to be substrates for calpain, remained unchanged in the presence of minocycline, suggesting that minocycline did not block caspase-3-independent cell death or necrosis. Moreover, co-treatment with minocycline and a calpain inhibitor calpeptin synergistically inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death. These data suggest that minocycline directly inhibited apoptosis, but not necrosis, after oxidative insult in PC12 cells.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.347-355
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• 2020

Cognitive impairment is considered to be key research topics in the field of neurodegenerative diseases and in understanding of learning and memory. In the present study, we investigated neuroprotective effects of Schisandra chinensis (SC) and Ribes fasciculatum (RF) extracts in hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell death in vitro and scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in Sprague Dawley^® (SD) rat in vivo. Apoptotic cell death in neuroblastic PC12 cell line was induced by hydrogen peroxide for 1 hour at 100 μM. However, mixture of SC and RF treatment prevented peroxide induced PC12 cell death with no neurotoxic effects. For in vivo experiment, the effect of SC and RF extracts on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in SD rat was evaluated by spontaneous alternation behavior in Y-Maze test. After 30 min scopolamine injection, the scopolamine-induced rats presented significantly decreased % spontaneous alteration and acetylcholine level, compared to non-induced group. However, treatment of SC+RF extracts rescued the reduced % spontaneous alteration with acetylcholine concentration from hippocampus in scopolamine-induced rats. These results suggested that mixture of SC and RF extract may be a potential natural therapeutic agent for the prevention of cognitive impairment.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.434-439
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• 2006

In this study, activated carbon(ACs) have been modified by nitric acid and heat-treatment. The surface and structure properties of ACs were determined by BET surface area, FT-IR pH and acid/base value. The changes in pore structure and surface properties of these modified ACs were correlated with natural gas adsorption which measured by volumetric apparatus at $0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. The pore textural properties of activated carbon was also characterized by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. Specific surface area and micropore volume of them were calculated by Langmuir equation and Horvath-Kawazoe method, and chemical properties of surface were measured by FT-IR and titration of acid and base solutions. Pore texture of activated carbons after treatments were not significantly changed. Total acidity increased and basicity of samples decreased. however the basicity increased with heat treatment. The methane adsorption of ACs become different depending on the acid/base value of samples.