• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2022

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) cause contagious diseases and have the potential to infect not only birds but also mammals. Wild birds are the natural reservoir of AIVs and spread them worldwide while migrating. Here we collected active AIV surveillance data from wild bird habitats during the 2019 to 2022 winter seasons (from September to March of the following year) in South Korea. We isolated 97 AIVs from a total of 7,590 fecal samples and found the yearly prevalence of AIVs was 0.83, 1.48, and 1.27, respectively. The prevalence of AIVs were generally higher from September to November. These findings demonstrate that a high number of wild birds that carry AIVs migrate into South Korea during the autumn season. The highest virus numbers were isolated from the species Anas platyrhynchos (72%; n=70), followed by Anas poecilorhyncha (15.4%; n=15), suggesting that each is an important host for these pathogens. Twenty-five hemagglutinin-neuraminidase subtypes were isolated, and all AIVs except the H5N8 subtype were found to be low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs). Active surveillance of AIVs in wild birds could benefit public health because it could help to estimate their risk for introduction into animals and humans. Moreover, considering that 132 cases of human AIV infections have been reported worldwide within the last 5 years, active surveillance of AIVs is necessary to avoid outbreaks.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2014

This study provides the basic resource for establishing the environment design policies around elementary school for the students and analyzes the actual pedestrian environment conditions of elementary school in order to improve safety of from crime for them. For this, the field survey are conducted on risk of from crime in 10 sidewalks of 5 elementary schoolin Ilsan new town. The result of this are the followings ;1) There are schools which have difference between the height of road and the height of pedestrian path. 2) There are schools which are insufficient distance for securing front sight because of shape of pedestrian path. 3) In entrance there are facilities interfering with natural surveillance within school boundaries such as stone written school motto, storehouse, wash room, doorpost. 4) In entrance there are schools with no security office, emergency bell and CCTV. 4) The openness in the bottom of fence is lower than that of upper because of shrubs and material of fence. 5) There are concealed places and cars in back gate area interfering with natural surveillance.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1999년도 KOBA 방송기술 워크샵 KOBA Broadcasting Technology Workshop
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• pp.165.1-170
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• 1999

Object segmentation fro natural video scenes has recently become one of very active research to pics due to the object-based video coding standard MPEG-4. Object detection and isolation is also useful for object-based indexing and search of video content, which is a goal of the emerging new standard, MPEG-7. In this paper, an automatic segmentation method of moving objects in image sequence is presented which is applicable to multimedia content authoring for MPEG-4, and two different segmentation approaches suitable for surveillance applications are addressed in raw data domain and compressed bitstream domains. We also propose an object-based video description scheme based on object segmentation for video indexing purposes.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2000

The material world around human is normally composed of opaque one, with which human has made the spaces. The opaque material to make space has played a role to control the relationship among people and has produced socio-cultural things since the history started. The opening of opaque material(wall) connects one space with the other. Therefore, the meaning of opening is a connection among people who are in different spaces in terms of sociology. In conjunction with this, socio-cultural situation has been deployed differently. In the traditional european domestic space, the glass has been applied to this opening since they found the glass. It disconnects two spaces physically but connects them visually. Therefore, without blocking the opening visually, the glass became to protect people with their interior space from outside environment. The important thing is that the application of the glass in a building had been restricted because of opening size. However, after Industrial Revolution with the advanced technology of architecture, the glass came to be applied to the building and it became widen. So, the concept of glass window became to be the one of glass wall. This change made a transformation of visual character between two spaces which are separated with glass wall. This means that the glass wall gave two directional visibility while the glass window gave one directional visibility from inside to outside of space. This is because the amount of the natural light to the interior space increased due to widen glass in a space. This gave a change of visual authority and the space of surveillance(interior space) became to the one of communication. The space of surveillance, Michel Foucault mentioned in his book surveillance and punishment, is a very private one that is not visually permeable from the people outside, while the space of communication is a public one which needs other eyes. In the space of publicity, there needs a rationality, morality and ethics because of public surveillance and in the space of privacy, there restores a desire for sex and assaults.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제45권9호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2008

본 논문은 네트워크카메라 기반 영상감시시스템에서 발생하는 단위 네트워크 간 영상정보 공유 불가, 사용자 증가에 따른 대역폭 및 처리부하 증가, 네트워크 변경내역 지속적 모니터링 불가 둥의 문제를 해결하기 위한 서버의 구조를 제안하고 이를 설계 및 구현하였다. 제안한 서버는 영상분배 기능을 제공함으로써 기존의 문제들을 해결하면서도 대용량 영상감시시스템을 위하여 다수의 네트워크카메라 및 다수의 사용자에 대한 관리와 서비스가 가능하도록 설계되었다. 구현한 영상분배서버를 실제의 영상감시시스템에 적용하여 실험한 결과 100여대의 네트워크카메라에 대한 접속을 유지하는 상황에서 수백여 사용자의 동시 접속을 처리하면서도 납득할 만한 서비스 픔질을 유지함을 확인하였다. 본 논문의 영상분배서버를 활용하면 교통상황 정보 및 재난재해 감시 등의 대국민 서비스를 위한 대용량 영상감시시스템의 서비스 품질 향상에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2018

그림자는 자연 영상에서 관찰되는 물리적인 현상으로 지능형 비디오 감시, 교통 감시 및 항공 영상 분석 등과 같은 다양한 영상처리 시스템에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 요소이다. 따라서 그림자의 검출은 컴퓨터 비전의 전 분야에서 전처리 과정으로 고려되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 참조 영상이 필요 없는 단일 자연 영상에서 그림자 검출을 위한 다양한 특징 요소들을 정의하고 분석하였다. 그림자 요소들은 영상의 밝기, 색도, 조도불변, 색상불변 및 정보의 불확실성을 의미하는 엔트로피 영상 등을 기술하였으며, 분석 결과 색도와 조도불변 영상이 그림자 검출 및 복원에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 향후 다양한 그림자 특징 요소들의 퓨전 맵을 정의하고, 다양한 조명 수준에 적응 가능한 그림자 검출 및 색도와 조도불변 영상을 이용한 그림자 제거 연구를 계속하고자 한다.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.787-794
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• 2018

지구 온난화로 인해 홍수나 집중 호우와 같은 자연 재해들이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 자연 재해들이 미리 그리고 효과적으로 인지될 수 있다면 재해로 인한 많은 피해들을 미리 막을 수 있을 것이다. 최근 비주얼 센서기술의 발전을 바탕으로 재해를 예방하기 위해 하천을 포함한 다양한 자연환경을 감시하는데 비주얼 센서 기술을 적용하는 연구들이 많이 진행되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 비주얼 센서 네트워크 기술을 이용한 하천 감시시스템에 적용 가능한 하천 영상에서 강물 영역을 분할하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법에서는 먼저 최소 신장트리 알고리즘을 이용하여 영상을 세밀하게 분할한다. 그리고 강물 영역과 배경 영역에 대한 사전 정보를 이용하여 초기 영역을 설정하고 유사한 영역을 병합하여 각 영역을 확장함으로써 강물 영역을 분리한다. 실험결과는 제안하는 방법이 간단하면서도 정확하게 강물 영상에서 강물 영역을 분리하는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2003년도 Challenges and Achievements in Environmental Health
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• pp.150-151
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• 2003

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.240-246
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• 2012

Natural killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role in early surveillance against virus infection and cellular transformation, and are also implicated in the control of inflammatory response through their effector functions of direct lysis of target cells and cytokine secretion. NK cell activation toward target cell is determined by the net balance of signals transmitted from diverse activating and inhibitory receptors. A distinct feature of NK cell activation is that stimulation of resting NK cells with single activating receptor on its own cannot mount natural cytotoxicity. Instead, specific pairs of co-activation receptors are required to unleash NK cell activation via synergy- dependent mechanism. Because each co-activation receptor uses distinct signaling modules, NK cell synergy relies on the integration of such disparate signals. This explains why the study of the mechanism underlying NK cell synergy is important and necessary. Recent studies revealed that NK cell synergy depends on the integration of complementary signals converged at a critical checkpoint element but not on simple amplification of the individual signaling to overcome intrinsic activation threshold. This review focuses on the signaling events during NK cells activation and recent advances in the study of NK cell synergy.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2024

The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of damage to cultural assets resulting from vibrations generated by construction vehicle traffic. The cultural heritage's natural vibration frequency was determined to be 150Hz by measurement. The damping ratios were calculated as 4.7% using the logarithmic decrement approach and 4.3% using the half-power method. The vibration measurements obtained during vehicle operation indicated that, despite an increase in vehicle velocity of up to 15 km/h, the vibrations remained below the detectable level of 0.13 mm/sec. When the road is curved and the terrain is sloped, a suitable speed for vehicle operation was found to be around 17 km/h, at which point vibrations were seen. The highest recorded vibration amplitude at this velocity was 0.217 mm/sec, which remains below the stringent regulation limit of 2 mm/sec. Thus, it can be concluded that there is no actual harm caused by vibrations.