• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 1990

This study was executed to investigate the vegetation structure and to propose the vegetation management proposals of the Sansung Nature Park at Cheonju City and the results were as fellows. 1. A damage of vegetation and soil surface around the Namgosa was taken place up to 100m by picnic 2. Pinus rigida forest covered 36.1% of the total area(152.6ha) and total afforested vegetation covered 43.5%, respectively. P. denstflora comm. covered 28.4% arid Carpinus laxiflora Comm. as a climax vegetation in temerate zone covered 0.3%, respectively. 3. 6, 7 and 8 of the degree of human disturbance of vegetation covered 45.3%, 26.6% and 21.4%, respectively and resulted in low quality of naturalness. 4. Physical and chemical properties of soil were pour at high elevation and were poor severely in and around the Namgosa due to human disturbance. 5. Plant community were under rapid succession and had unvalanced structure and heterogeneous composition of species. Rapid vegetational succession from Pinus densiflora and Pf. rigida to Carpinus laxifora, Quercus spp. and Robinina pseudo-acacia were taken place.6. The speeies of Raunkiaer's frequency class I as of high frequency class were Pinus dunsiflora, Carpinus alxiflora, Quercus mmongolica, Sorbus alnifolia, Prunrs sargintii, Rhododendron yedoense, Stephanandra incisa and Lespedeza maxinowiczii. 7. Vegetational management proposals were made for three vegetation zones ; Historic landscape restoration and preservation zone, Afforested vegetation zone, Native vegetation conservation zone and recommanded native species for landcape planting.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.453-458
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• 2012

The golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is a freshwater snail native to tropical and subtropical South America. The species was introduced into Korea as a human food source in 1983 and was first applied as a weed control agent for the paddy fields in 1992. As the snail is well known as an environmentally friendly biological control agent for weeds, the area of cultivation in which the golden apple snail is used for biological control has been enlarged substantially each year. Currently, the species is observed in open water courses. It is possible that the snail may overwinter in these open water courses and may become a serious pest, as is already the case in many Asian countries. In this study, we determined the status of the overwintering golden apple snail based on a literature survey and investigated the potential distribution area of the snail, as a result from global warming in Korea. The potential distribution area of the overwintering golden apple snail would be enlarged under the influence of global warming; ranging from 45.5% of South Korea's land area in the 2020s to 88.4% in the 2080s.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.15-27
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to investigate vegetation structure and present management planning of mountain type green space using the green space changes during the 20 years, actual vegetation, and plant community structure in land area of Inchon, Korea. The actual vegetation area in survey sites was consisted of Quercus acutissima community, Robinia pseudoacacia forest, Pinus rigida forest, Q. mongolica-Pinus rigida community, P. rigida-Q. mongolica community, Q. monogolica community and so on. According to the classification by TWINSPAN, 61 survey plots were divided into 9 groups; Q. mongolica-Alnus japonica-R. pseudoacacia-P. densiflora, R. pseudoacacia-Styrax japonica, P. rigida-R. pseudoacacia-Q. mongolica, R. pseudoacacia-P. rigida-Q. mongolica-A. hirusta, Q. mongolica-P. thunbergii, and prunus sargentii-Zelkova serrata community. From this result, ecological succession trend of vegetation seems to be change from artificial result, ecological succession trend of vegetation seems to be change from artificial planting forest to native plant community which was dominated by Quercus spp.. This study area need to manage for the increase of biodiversity through the restoration of naturalness by ecological management of artificial planting forest and ecological planting of injured green space.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.32-56
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate the distribution of the useful resources plants and the flora of Deogyusan. The flora of Deogyusan was investigated from April in 2002 to November in 2003. Vascular plants of this area consist of total 549 taxa; 9 forma, 64 varieties, 476 species, 281 genera, 90 families. It corresponds to $13.5\%$ of totally 4,071 taxa appeared in Korea. Useful plants of this area were investigated 399 taxa. It corresponds to $72.5\%$ of collected plants in this area under our study. Among the useful plants, there are 205 taxa of edible source, 179 taxa of pasture source, 159 taxa of medicinal source, 70 taxa of ornamental source, 15 taxa of timber, and 17 taxa of industrial raw materials. Korean endemic plants were composed 18 families, 23 genera, 19 species, 4 varieties and totaling 25 taxa.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2018

We identified the main impacts, drivers, and restoration projects for Atlantic Forest in Northwest of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The objective was to analyze the quantity, distribution, and causes of the environmental crimes in 2000-2014. To verify differences between degraded and restored areas, we performed a t-test; ANOVA for the municipalities with more quantity of crimes, simple linear regression analysis for the relationship between sizes of degraded areas and quantity of seedlings planted, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for environmental damages categories and population of the municipalities. The main environmental damages found were deforestation outside permanent preservation area (20%) and those related to Permanent Preservation Area (37%). Environmental crimes in these areas fall into two categories: native and exotic vegetation removal (17%), and impediment to natural regeneration (20%). The average size of the degraded areas was $5,359{\pm}526m^2$, while for restored areas was $3,337{\pm}255m^2$. The sizes of the degraded fragments were similar among the five municipalities with the higher number of environmental crimes (ANOVA: p>0.05, F=1.24; df=241). The number of seedlings planted was positively related to the sizes of the degraded fragments (p<0.001, $R^2=0.53$). Segregation between the less and the most populous municipalities was found with the PCA analysis along PC1 (51.7%), while PC2 represented 19.2% of the total variation. The most populous municipalities showed the highest number of environmental crimes, and the majority of degraded areas were recovered by planting native seedlings. Atlantic Forest fragments need to be recognized and preserved as an ecosystem with a unique ecological function by the population and public administration.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.623-639
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• 2017

We investigated traditional knowledge about ethnobotanical uses around national parks in the northern areas of Province Gyeongsangbuk-do, with the focus on the Sobeaksan National Park area. Interviews were carried out to 138 residents at 42 places from 7 counties and/or cities, and verified species and usage information were categorized by taxonomic groups, usage, and used parts. The ethnobotanical species of the regions consisted of a total of 277 taxa: 244 species, 3 subspecies, 28 varieties, and 2 forma in 213 genera of 79 families. The significant native plants included one Endangered Species (Paeonia obovata Max.) and four endemic species (Salix hallaisanensis H. Lev., Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai, Paulownia coreana Uyeki, and Cirsium setidens (Dunn) Nakai, Sasa coreana Nakai). About 17 Approved Species for Delivering Overseas designated by Korea Ministry of Environment have been also traditionally valuable in the regions. The main usage of the plants were edible (185 taxa) and medicinal (175 taxa). Leaves were most commonly used parts (109 taxa), followed by stems (73 taxa), fruits (69 taxa), roots (67 taxa), and wholes (57 taxa). The traditional usage of plants were diverse as those useful parts. Leaves, fruits and seeds were used as edible and medicinal; sprouts (young shoots) were mainly used as edible; but roots and flowers were used as medicinal. The study does not only provides examples of traditional uses of native plants, but also facilitates sustainable managements and developments of ethnobotanical knowledge for the contemporary society.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1691-1695
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• 2006

The identification method that inflects real time ultrasound (RUT) and the potential application of marker assisted selection (MAS) for improvement of a cow population of Hanwoo (Korean Native cattle) was studied. The averages of RUT longissimus muscle area, RUT fat thickness, and RUT marbling score scanned at the 13th rib were 55.78 $cm^2$, 3.70 mm and 3.83 scores, respectively. We investigated the effects of the two SNPs (Kpn2 I and Msp I) in the leptin gene on carcass traits for Hanwoo cows by using ultrasound measurements. Genotype CC of the Kpn2 I had a significantly higher effect on back fat thickness (4.23 mm) and longissimus muscle area (57.57 $cm^2$) than genotype TT (3.14 mm, 53.93 $cm^2$, respectively, p<0.05). Genotype AA of the Msp I had a significantly higher effect only on marbling score (5.37) than genotype AB (3.57, p<0.05) and BB (3.37, p<0.05). Significant effects of SNPs in the leptin gene were found for the ultrasound measures of body composition in live cattle.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2015

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a very important viral disease virus in cattle, domestic and wild ruminants. The purpose of this study is to investigate the positive rate of bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen by ELISA from Korean native and beef cattle reared in Busan area from March in 2013 to October in 2014. A total of 1,129 bovine blood samples were collected from 140 farms, 1,111 Korean native cattle of 135 farms and 18 beef cattle of 5 farms. Test for antigen was carried out by ELISA method. In general analysis, the positive rate of bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen were 0.7% (8/1,129) cattle and 5.0% (7/140) farm. In regional analysis, the positive rate of BVDV antigen of farm in Kijang-gun, Gangseo-gu, Geumjeong-gu, Saha-gu and Dongnae-gu were 1.4% (2/94), 3.6% (5/37), 0% (0/7), 0% (0/1) and 0% (0/1), respectively, and the positive rate of BVDV antigen of cattle were 0.4% (3/770), 1.5% (5/333), 0% (0/24), 0% (0/1) and 0% (0/1), respectively. The positive rate of BVDV antigen according to sex were 0.6% (6/1,085) female cattle and 4.6% (2/44) male cattle. According to the age of cattle, the positive rate of BVDV antigen in 1 year, 2 years, 3 years and 5 years old were 1.9% (4/215), 0.4% (1/265), 0.9% (2/234) and 1.0% (1/103), respectively, but 4 years (0/198), 6 years (0/55), 7 years (0/24), 8 years (0/14), 9 years (0/10), 10 years (0/7) and 11-15 years (0/3) old were negative, respectively.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.549-559
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• 2008

This study was performed by questionnaire to investigate viewpoints regarding menu excavation and development of native local foods of adults in the Gyeongju area, classified by gender and age. The subject population consisted of 253 citizens(108 males and 145 females) living in Gyeongju. The findings are summarized as follows: The residents highly desired the 'enrichment of service and clean hygiene of local food restaurants', 'active marketing', 'necessity of excavation and development at the present time', and 'development with regional unique characteristics' with regard to the development of the local food choices in Gyeongju, whereas they did not particularly desire 'excavation development of cooking that often is served at family event(birth, marriage, death etc..)', nor 'guidance and enlightenment for many citizens'. The most influential obstacle hindering the development of Gyeongju local food was 'administration support deficiency of connection group agency', followed by 'interest deficiency about local food of restaurant business managers and citizens, different taste of each restaurant', and 'tradition cooking itself is insufficient in Gyeongju'. The most reasonable development menu for native local foods of the Gyeongju area was 'mushroom & beef hot pot(beoseothanu-jeongol)', 'glutinous barley bread(chalborippang)', 'mushroom & bulgogi hot pot(beoseot-bulgogi-jeongol)', 'grilled beef(hanu-sutbul-gui)', and 'grilled minced beef ribs(hanu-tteok-galbi)' in that order. On the other hand, the excavation and development validity scores for 'black goat soup(heukyeomso-tang)', 'gulfweed soup(mojaban-guk)', and 'parboiled octopus(muneo-sukhoe)' were very low.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.43-52
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• 2010

In the following studies, a detailed research of commercialization of native foods around Boseong area had taken place. The objective for the studies is to increase the value of traditional cooking by creating a unique course-meal. Statistical methods of demographic characteristics, frequency analysis on farmhouse restaurants, dish frequency analysis were used. The studies were carried out with total of 27 experts, and carried out between June and Angust 2009. Surveys were used, and all 27 survey results were used in the final analysis. With the results, the team has come up with unique Boseong course meal for every season.