• Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2018

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the number of remaining natural teeth (NRT) and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in older adults. Methods: This study was based on data from the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys. The participants were 2,378 older participants (984 men and 1,394 women) aged over 65 years. Survey dentists conducted oral health examinations, and ASM was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: The participants with $NRT{\geq}20$ had more ASM and SMI than those with NRT<20 in both sexes. SMI was correlated with NRT in men (r=0.018, p<0.001) and in women (r=-0.007, p<0.001). The positive correlation between the NRT and SMI remained significant in men even after adjusting for age, marital status, income, smoking, drinking, physical activity, protein intake, energy intake, calcium intake, body mass index, fasting blood glucose level, medications, and prostheses (${\beta}=0.011$, p=0.001). In women, the correlation disappeared after adjustment for smoking, alcohol, physical activity, protein intake, energy intake, calcium intake, marital status, income, fasting basal glucose, medication administration, and prostheses. Conclusion: This study showed a correlation between NRT and SMI in those ${\geq}65$ years of age in Korea. The relationship persisted in men, but not in women, even after adjusting for confounders.

• The Korean journal of internal medicine
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.1150-1159
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• 2018

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the association between the number of existing permanent teeth and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a representative sample of the elderly Korean population. Methods: A total of 2,519 subjects who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were cross-sectionally examined. The number of existing permanent teeth was evaluated by clinical oral examination. CKD was defined based on definition and classification by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 guidelines. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed controlling for age, gender, income, education, tooth-brushing frequency, periodontitis, state of dentition, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia. Subgroup analyses by age and gender were also performed. Results: The number of teeth was significantly associated with CKD after controlling for all potential confounders (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 2.70 for lower number of teeth; AOR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.14 to 2.23 for moderate number of teeth). In the subgroup analyses, the association was highlighted in females aged 75 years over (AOR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.05 to 6.20 for lower number of teeth; AOR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.80 for moderate number of teeth). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the number of existing permanent teeth may be associated with CKD among Korean elderly.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.753-763
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• 2019

Objectives: To examine the association between chewing problems and depression in a representative sample of Korean adults. Methods: This study included 4,887 participants aged 19 years or older. Chewing problems were self-reported. Depression was measured using the PHQ-9 scale, which scored the frequency of symptoms over the last two weeks. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: There was a significant positive correlation between chewing problems and depression. Compared to those without chewing problems, participants with chewing problems had a 1.62 times higher risk of mild depression (OR=1.62; 95% CI:1.29-2.05), a 2.27 times higher risk of moderate depression (OR=2.27; 95% CI:1.52-3.38), and a 6.15 times higher risk of severe depression (OR=6.15; 95% CI:2.31-16.37). Conclusions: Results of this study indicate a significant association between chewing problems and depression. In addition, chewing problems were found to have a stronger relationship with higher severity levels of depression.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2019

본 연구는 2013-2015년도 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 활용하여 한국노인의 음주 및 흡연과 치주질환의 관련성을 평가하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 비음주, 비흡연군에 비해 음주, 흡연군(odds ratio[OR] 1.50; 95% confidence interval[CI], 1.00-2.24)에서 치주질환 교차비가 유의하게 높았다. 치주질환 교차비는 음주와 흡연을 전혀 하지 않은 노인에 비해 음주와 흡연을 동시에 하는 노인에서 유의하게 높았다. 본 연구를 통해 음주 및 흡연은 치주질환과 유의한 관련성이 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 노인의 구강건강유지를 위해 절주와 금연교육을 강화해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1067-1080
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• 2017

Objectives: This study analyzed the perception towards clinical practice education content held by dental hygiene students in dental institutions and their perceived importance of dental hygienists' clinical duties. Methods: The subjects of this study were 182 dental hygienists who were working at dental institutions in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungcheong areas. A survey was conducted with a self-administered questionnaire. In the questionnaire, the clinical practice contents were classified into observation, preparation, and performance, and the importance of clinical duty was measured with a 3-point scale. For the clinical practice contents and the importance of duty, descriptive statistics and chi-square test were performed, and the study results were analyzed using STATA 11.0. Results: With regard to clinical practice contents, observation was mainly performed in oral & maxillofacilal radiology, preventive dentistry, periodontal medicine and oral medicine. In primary care and infection control, practice and observation were mainly performed. In the department of orthodontics and pediatric dentistry, observation and preparation were mainly conducted, while in oral surgery, conservative dentistry observation, preparation and practice were all conducted. With regard to clinical practice contents according to the dental institution, there were statistically significant differences in the type of dental institution and the duty (p>0.05). In terms of the importance of dental hygienist's duty, infection control, toothbrushing education for each patient, removal of plaque, and patient education after surgery were considered important. Conclusions: For clinical practice of the dental hygiene department, the education contents should be standardized in accordance with the importance of the dental hygienist's duty, a protocol for operation of practice should be developed, and a method of standardization of evaluation should be sought in the future.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2008

부모협동보육시설의 보육 특성에 맞는 영유아 구강보건사업을 개발 하는데 필요한 기초자료를 확보할 목적으로 전국의 부모협동보육시설 보육교사 204명을 대상으로 한 설문조사에서 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 일상적으로 제공하는 간식과 음료는 과일 78.9%, 채소 44.1%, 과실차 61.8%로 비우식성 식음료의 비중이 높았다. 2. 보육교사들의 3년 이내 구강보건교육 이수비율은 51.5%였으며, 내용은 음식과 영양관련교육 30.0%, 칫솔질 관련 교육 29.4%이었다. 3. 구강건강관련행위 실천여부는 아이들의 음식관련 활동과 교육에 참여 87.9%, 조리담당자 영양교육 78.2%, 생일축하 시 단 음식을 피함 74.0%, 매년 구강검진 실시 33.5%, 아이들의 불소함유치약사용 33.1%이었다. 4. 부모의 구강건강 정책개발 개입에 대한 보육교사의 견해는 매우 동의 35.1%, 동의 53.8%이었다. 5. 부모협동보육시설 내 구강보건주제에 대한 문서화된 지침의 존재여부는 건강정책형성과정에 부모참여 47.8%, 부모에게 치과의료서비스 조언 47.2%, 치아손상 시 대처방법 지도 44.9%, 1년 주기의 치과건강검진 41.7%, 불소치약으로 칫솔질 지도 32.1%이었다. 이상에서 부모협동보육시설은 간식 등의 제공에 있어서 비우식성 식품과 음료를 주로 제공하고 있는 등 영양학적 측면에서 좋은 구강건강환경을 가지고 있으며 부모의 참여에 대한 동의가 높았다. 보육교사를 대상으로 한 구강보건교육은 영양과 칫솔질위주로 이루어지고 있었으며 문서화된 지침은 부족하였다. 따라서 부모협동보육시설을 대상으로 하는 효과적인 구강보건정책개발을 위해서는 보육교사들을 대상으로 다양한 구강보건교육을 개발하고 교육내용을 실현할 수 있는 방안을 강구하며, 문서화된 지침을 갖도록 하는 것이 필요하다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the hygiene behaviors according to obesity in adolescents and to provide basic data for school health project. Methods: The data from the 10th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey(KYRBWS) were analyzed by STATA 13.0 statistical packages. The demographic characteristics were analyzed by frequency analysis. The relationship between obesity and hygiene behaviors according to demographic characteristics were analyzed by chi-square test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for the correlation among the variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the effect of obesity on the hand washing and oral hygiene behaviors. The significance level for significance was set at 0.05. Results: Obesity, hand washing before eating and hand washing after using the bathroom were significant negative correlation. Hand washing before eating and hand washing after using the bathroom were significant positive correlation. Hand washing after using the bathroom were positive correlation with toothbrushing after lunch. Washing before eating was 1.079 times higher than that of obese people(p<0.05), and toothbrushing after lunch was higher by 1.298 times in Odds ratio than normal weight(p<0.001). Conclusions: There is a need to develop a school dental health program by collecting hygiene behaviors such as obesity, hand washing, and brushing after lunch.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.26-35
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• 1997

Background : Glycopeptide antibiotics are the only drugs for treatment of infections due to beta-lactam-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. As the incidence of infection and colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci(VRE) rapidly increases, the hospital infection control practices advisory committee(HICPAC) recommends prudent vancomycin use to detect, prevent and control infection and colonization with VRE. Methods : The inpatients admitted from September to December, 1996 in Pusan National University Hospital, with Gram-positive bacterial infections were evaluated retrospectively to see whether the administrations of glycopeptide antibiotics were appropriate or not, upon comparison with the recommendations for preventing the spread of vancomycin resistance by HICPAC. Results : Teicoplanin has been chosen more frequently than vancomycin of the glycopeptide antibiotics. The indications of administration of glycopeptides in patients with pneumonia, wound infections, sepsis, and in febrile or neutropenic patients with malignancies were appropriate, but the use of glycopeptides for elimination of merely colonized bacteria in the oral cavity could not be excluded. Inappropriate use of glycopeptides was 10.6%, and inappropriately long-term use without positive culture for beta-lactam-resistant Gram-positive organisms was about 40% of total days of drug use. Conclusion : It seems essential for the quality assurance committee to make a plan in teaching the HICPAC recommendations to the medical practitioners who prescribed the glycopeptides inappropriately or used for irrelevantly long to his patient, monitor and survey their use of glycopeptides prospectively and periodically, and if there are repeated inappropriate prescriptions, a certain penalty would be given to the practitioners.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2244-2250
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• 2013

우리나라 청소년을 위한 구강보건교육 프로그램을 기획하는데 있어 기초자료를 제공하고자 2008년, 2009년, 2010년의 청소년건강행태온라인조사 원시자료를 이용하여 중학생 및 고등학생의 일일 잇솔질 평균 횟수를 분석하였다. 자료 분석은 조사에 참여한 표본이 우리나라 청소년의 대표성을 갖도록 지정된 가중치를 적용하였으며 자료는 SPSS 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, t-test 및 교차분석을 실시하였다. 우리나라 청소년의 잇솔질 평균 횟수는 2008년도에 3.92회, 2009년도에 3.96회 2010년도에 3.99회로 조금씩 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 우리나라 청소년이 학교에서 점심식사 후 잇솔질을 하는 대상자는 2008년 34.5%, 2009년 38.0%, 2010년 40.8%로 나타났으며 점심식사 후 잇솔질을 하지 않은 이유는 '칫솔, 치약 등을 가지고 다니기 귀찮아서'라는 응답이 가장 높게 나타났다. 따라서 우리나라 청소년의 체계적인 구강 건강 증진 프로그램을 기획하는데 있어 매 식후와 취침 전에 하도록 지도하여 잇솔질 횟수에 관한 지침을 마련해야 할 것이다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.805-812
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine the association between diabetes mellitus and community periodontal index in Korean adults. Methods: The study populations were recruited by the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Study subjects were 10,411 who were examined oral examination, blood test, and aged over 19 years. Using multiple logistic regression analyses, the variables were adjusted for gender, age, household income, family history of diabetes, body mess index, smoking habit, and frequency of tooth brushing. Periodontal tissue examination of the subjects was performed and scored by Community periodontal index(CPI). Using probe, six teeth were examined for hemorrhage, plaque, and pocket depth and classified into $CPI_0$, $CPI_1$, $CPI_2$, $CPI_3$ and $CPI_4$. Healthy periodontal groups($CPI_{0-2}$) and periodontal disease groups($CPI_{3-4}$) were divided by the periodontal disease status. The definition of diabetes mellitus(DM) was decided by the diagnosis by the doctors and fasting blood sugar level. Those who were diagnosed as DM were included in DM group. The DM variables included normal blood sugar level, increased fasting blood sugar level, and DM blood sugar level. The DM variables were compared to periodontal disease blood sugar level and analyzed. Results: The periodontitis prevalence rate was 23.2%. Those who had diabetes mellitus accounted for 5.5% of the subjects. Those who had impaired fasting glucose accounted for 17.7% and 7.9% of subjects were diabetes mellitus by blood test. In the confirmed diabetes group by doctor, the periodontitis prevalence rate was significantly higher than the non-diabetic group. Diabetic group by blood test had the highest prevalence rate of periodontitis than those who had impaired fasting glucose group or normal group. After adjusting for gender, age, household income, family history of diabetes, body mass index, smoking habit, and frequency of tooth brushing, the risk of periodontitis in diagnosed diabetes mellitus was 1.57 times(95% CI; 1.27-1.94) higher than the normal group. In impaired fasting glucose group and diabetes mellitus group by blood test, the risk of periodontitis was 1.11 times(95% CI; 0.95-1.30) and 1.45 times(95% CI; 1.45-2.12) higher, respectively. Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis in Korean adults. These results suggest that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for periodontitis.