• Title/Summary/Keyword: National brand

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Development of a High Value Added Knit Structure for Middle-aged Women (중년여성을 위한 고부가가치 니트 조직 개발)

  • Lee, Insuk;Kim, Jiyoung
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.148-165
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to establish a theory about the necessary structure for knitwear design, and to propose it with the practical data through the actual development of a high value added knit structure. For this study, the market was conducted along with literature reviews on the existing studies and the relevant books about knit structures. The market research aimed at the products released in the spring/summer and fall/winter seasons of 2012-2013, focusing on brand for middle aged women. The utilization of the structure by item and the characteristics of knit design were studied. The research was conducted on S/S products in May and July, and F/W products in October and December. As a result of the market research, it was shown that the lightweight structures with permeability such as plain, lace, links and links, this is repeated and rib structure were frequently utilized during the S/S season, while double structures with good shape stability were greatly utilized during the F/W season. Also, during the F/W season, a cable structure and tubular jacquard that emphasized the volume or cubic effect were frequently used, and there were many jacquard structures where a change of color sense and motive were added. Concerning the knit structures development, the researcher designed the knit structure at the actual production site of the knit fashion. A total of 5 pieces of knit structures were developed by asking a professional for programming and knitting. To the developed structures, the study added a multi-gauged effect, herringbone transformation effect, 3-dimensional surface effect, color effects, geometric patterns, lace penetration effect, and soft surface effect in a water-drop shape. In addition, the structures had differences in the added values by mixing various structures and diversely expressing color sense on the knitting line. This study proposes the direction for 21st century knitwear product design, through the development of a high value added knit structure.

Iron-Limited Biomass Yields of Marine Phytoplankton Clones (철의 첨가량 제한에 따른 해양 식물플랑크톤 단종배양체의 생체량증가)

  • YIH, WONHO;BRAND, LARRY E.
    • 한국해양학회지
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.79-85
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    • 1993
  • The final biomass yields of 16 marine phytoplankton clones were measured in media with different levels of iron and phosphorus concentrations. The biomass yields of oceanic clones were either only slightly limited or not limited by iron, and those of coastal clones were severely limited by iron in all photogenetic groups other than cyanobacteria. By contrast oceanic cyanobacteria clones as well as coastal clones required higher iron concentrations: minimum concentrations of iron addition for detectable growth of the Synchronous species were estimated to fall between $10^{-9}{\;}and{\;}10^{-8}{\;}M$. Not only the habitat differences (oceanic-coastal trends) but also the photogenetic differences of the oceanic phytoplankton species in the response to the iron enrichments deserve very careful attention before ocean iron fertilization.

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Exploratory Study on the Success Factors of SPA Brands from Marketing Perspectives -Based on Grounded Theory- (SPA 브랜드의 마케팅 성공요인 탐색 -근거이론을 중심으로-)

  • Kim, Kyung Ran;Yang, Su Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.190-203
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    • 2015
  • The fashion industry has been rearranged by Global SPA brands (like ZARA and H&M), which are powerful retailers that integrate the value chain ranging from manufacturing to sales. SPA brands can offer good quality of clothing at a reasonable price by cutting the margin between the supply chain. They are also called fast fashions since they make expedited efforts to respond to market trends and consumers. Despite the slow growth of the fashion industry in Korea, as global SPA brands rapidly expand market share, traditional fashion companies have launched several SPA brands such as MIXXO and SPAO (E-LAND), 8SECONDS (CHEIL INDUSTRIES). The few academic studies on this subject are focused on the analysis of secondary data such as news and books. The current research is qualitative and empirical attempts to explore the success factor of SPA brands with analysis of 1:1 in-depth interviews with experts who have worked for global SPAs such as Uniqlo, H&M, and ZARA, based on the grounded theory. The main phenomenon was shown to be that global SPA brands were popular since they offer a variety of products with a large assortment at reasonable and cheap prices in a large scale and multifunctional retail store. Most of them displayed main phenomena that can be realized due to the purchasing cycle of clothing that is shorter with consumers' regarding clothing as consumables. Global SPA brands had three types of marketing strategy: sellable product, sales strategy according to consumer response, and multifunctional stores. Each global SPA brand developed marketing strategies based on core competency and national conditions. The three success factors shorten the consumer decision making process of clothing. This study concludes with implications for practitioners of SPA brands born in Korea.

Intertextuality of Materials in the Contemporary Fashion (현대패션에 나타난 소재 상호텍스트성)

  • Kim, Sun-Young;Shim, Joon-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.741-752
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    • 2008
  • The purposes of this study are to review the status of dress material in the contemporary fashion design by examining the intertextuality of many materials other than textiles used in the contemporary fashion and to show that the development of new fashion materials is a factor for designing competitiveness. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, foods and natural objects are used as fashion materials to reveal natural beauty, and at the same time new formative elements are expressed in combinations of life and fashion. Second, common paper and luxurious jewelry are presented as a formative element symbolic of an aspect of the contemporary society or embodied in elaborate handicraft techniques. Those materials boost the luxuriousness of costume and create a strong futuristic image according to how they are expressed. Third, plastics available for a variety of objects in different shapes and colors offer such formative features that could be shaped with textiles, as high-end technology is introduced to fashion. Fourth, metallic materials have added freedom to design formality due to their qualities of convergence and displacement and by the introduction of brand-new technology, suggesting a new future for the fashion industry. Fifth, using a variety of anti-fashion materials including semiconductor chips, mirrors, vinyl, wires, and rubber makes a change in the existing points of view regarding the formality of things and helps create a special aesthetic effect in a visual respect to develop a strong intertextuality of materials.

A Survey on the Purchasing Behavior and Preference of Mountain Climbing Pants for the Development of Women's Functional Mountain Climbing Pants Patterns (여성용 기능성 등산용 팬츠 패턴 개발을 위한 등산용 팬츠의 구매 및 선호도 조사 연구)

  • Suh, Chuyeon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.90-100
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    • 2013
  • This study uses a survey questionnaire to identify the major customer age class of adult women who frequently mountain climb as well as analyze their purchasing behavior and preference of mountain climbing pants. The field survey, classified the types of mountain climbing pants, selected the types of mountain climbing pants that consumers preferred, and then analyzed the degrees of satisfaction for mountain climbing pants based on an evaluation of wearing. Specifically, the patterns of mountain climbing pants preferred by national brands and licensed brands were compared and analyzed. The validities of commercially available mountain climbing pants were analyzed through an evaluation of wearing comfort and an evaluation of wearing on a 3D simulation of the human body. The basic data for the development of mountain climbing pants are presented based on the results. The survey questionnaire results indicate that the major class of women consumers of mountain climbing goods was in the 40s to 50s; in addition, the types they most wore were straight type and functional cut type. The preferred brand was KOLONSPORT (which occupies a 21.2% market share), followed by THE NORTH FACE (13.0%), K2 (11.5%) and Kolping (10.0%). The main reason (26.8% of responses) that they preferred these brands was functionality. The difference in measurement of climbing pants patterns could be analyzed accurately in the pattern analysis, the wearing evaluation by the self-sonsory test and evaluation of wearing comfort through 3D simulation. The results of ANOVA on motions and items indicates that no significant difference was found among motions; however, a significant difference was recognized among items. A comparison of straight type and functional cut type showed that the functional cut type excelled slightly in wearing comfort.

Comparison on Fashion Information Sources, Clothing Benefits Sought & Purchase Criteria according to Consumers' Time Pressure Level (소비자의 시간압박 수준에 따른 패션정보원, 추구혜택, 구매기준 비교연구)

  • Kim, Chil-Soon;Lee, Jin-Hwa
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.30 no.1 s.149
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    • pp.20-30
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    • 2006
  • The purposes of this study were to investigate demographic profiles between the consumer group under high time pressure(HTP) and the group under low time pressure(LTP) during the shopping, to examine the level of association between the fashion information sources and time pressure variable, to determine the difference in clothing benefits sought between HTP and LTP, and to determine the difference in purchase criteria. We distributed questionnaires to 600 women aged in 20-65. The reliable 562 questionnaires were used for a statistical analysis. Data analyses were conducted with SPSS program on t-test, cluster analysis, factor analysis, and Chi square test. We obtained the following results: There was a significant association between demographic variables such as age, occupation, education, residence area, & family cycle and time pressure variable. Fashion information sources were classified into 4 factors. HTP searched information on fashion products using more various sources than LTP did. There was also a significant difference between HTP and LTP in clothing benefit sought. Four clothing benefit factors such as trendy/social position, economic value, protection/comfort, and makeup of body shape were sought more by HTP than by LTP. In addition, HTP considered significantly more purchase criteria such as color/pattern, comfort, quality, suitability, material, sewing finishing, coordination, price, brand, easy care, and country of origin than LTP.

A Study of T-Shirt Graphic Designs Shown in Fashion Collections (패션컬렉션에 나타난 티셔츠의 그래픽디자인에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Sun-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.36 no.7
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    • pp.727-740
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    • 2012
  • This study is for the enhancement and utilization of future graphic design for T-shirts and deals with the expression styles and features of T-shirt graphic designs that appear in modern fashion. A literature examination about graphic design and T-shirts was performed for the research method and the analysis followed 378 pieces of graphic design featured in four major international collections for females from 2001S/S to 2011S/S. The research results from the expression type of T-shirt graphic design in the modern fashion are as follows. Expression in graphic figure accounts for the largest portion of 40.8% that includes illustration or cartoon characters, personal figure or part of the physical body, object in daily life or landscape pictures, animals and plants, and others. Expression given in text with typography or logo accounted for 27.5%, expression combined with letter/text, graphics and geometric figures accounted for 24.3%, geometrical expression accounted for 7.4%; most of which are given in print. Characteristics found in modern fashion graphic design are as follows. First, role of sort of public relations marketing was accompanied with utilization of brand logo or symbol. Second, visual play was shown in a sense of humor with diverse graphic figures and playful texts, witty layout with graphic motives, and a free design formation. Third, it denoted a front burner issue delivering the message for various current events or arguments via the way of texts, slogans, and symbolic pictures. Fourth, it depicted artistry through the self-expressive creation of the designer.

A Study on Sizes Specifications of Infants' Apparels (유아복(乳兒服)브랜드 치수규격(値數規格) 실태(實態) 조사(調査) 연구(硏究) II)

  • Kim, Jin;Sohn, Hee-Soon
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study is to survey and analyze the general conditions of infants' apparel brands in Korea, review the sizes and specifications of each brand, analyze the differences and correlations among brands, and thereby, present the reasonable sizes and specifications for infants' apparels in consideration of domestic and foreign specifications and infants' health conditions. for this purpose, 13 brands manufacturing the apparels for the infants aged from 0 to 4 were sampled, and their design directors and outside pattern suppliers were surveyed through direct interviews. The collected data were processed for frequencies, mean, median and mode. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. The sample infants' apparel brands were mostly launched as national brands in 1990's, while their target ages were diverse : 0 $\sim$ 72 months, 0 $\sim$ 36 months, 0 $\sim$ 48 months, 0 $\sim$ 60 months, 12 $\sim$ 24 months, etc. 2. More brands were restructuring the pattern suppliers' sizes and specifications rather than developing them directly, which suggests that most of infants' brands depend much on pattern suppliers. 3. Infants' apparel brands were presenting the 'space suites' sized from #60 to #90 because consumers prefer those space suites distinct in their upper and lower parts and convenient for their toddlers aged 36 months or older. The brands were setting the sizes for 6 parts: total length, breast, sleeve length, hip, hip height, leg. 4. The sizes for infants' one-pieces were #70, #75, #80, #85, #90, #95, #100, #110 and #120, while their subsizes were determined for 4 parts: total length, breast, sleeve length, hip.

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Estimate on Recognition and Satisfaction for High Quality Ice Creams of University Students in Seoul.Kyonggi Area (수도권 대학생들의 고급 아이스크림에 대한 인지도 및 만족도 평가)

  • Jung, Bu-Won;Park, Wook-Byung;Kang, Kun-Og
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.459-466
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    • 2009
  • This study surveyed university students in the Seoul and Kyonggi areas regarding their recognition and satisfaction of high quality ice creams. In terms of their preference for high quality ice creams, 152 (40.2%) answered "moderate", and 200 (52.9%) answered "likeable" or "very likeable", showing a very high preference. Ice cream was most often consumed as a snack (30.0%). The preferred food materials in combination with ice cream were fruits (32.8%), followed by chocolates (28.8%), dairy (15.6%), and nuts (7.7%). Many students viewed ice cream as an unhealthy food (46.8%), and the most frequent reason for using a selected brand was "taste" (46.6%), followed by "variety" (16.1%), "advertisement" (14.1%), and "operating of chain shop" (10.3%). In terms of overall satisfaction, 41.4% answered "somewhat satisfactory" or "very satisfactory", and only 9.8% answered "somewhat unsatisfactory" or "very unsatisfactory". The satisfaction construct was divided into nine sectors: nutrition, low calorie, functional, taste, color, variety, high quality, hygiene, and value. When these sectors were analyzed, "variety" was "somewhat satisfactory" or "very satisfactory" (74.2%), and "value" was "somewhat unsatisfactory" or "very unsatisfactory" (47.5%). In the analysis of satisfaction factors according to sectors, the Cronbach's $\alpha$ value related to nutrition was 0.755, that of preference was 0.830, and that of image was 0.661.

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Understanding the consumer shopping experiences on Black Friday using critical incident technique - Focused on the responses of university students in the United States - (결정적 사건 기법을 이용한 소비자의 블랙 프라이데이 쇼핑 경험에 관한 연구 - 미국 대학생 소비자의 응답을 중심으로 -)

  • Shim, Soo In
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.346-359
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    • 2014
  • Black Friday, a biggest holiday shopping season in the United States, has been regarded as a great opportunity that fashion retailers can dramatically increase their sales. However, there has been a lack of attention to consumers' shopping experiences on Black Friday from the consumer perspectives. The objective of this study is to explore consumer shopping experiences on Black Friday, in terms of consumer responses toward the experiences, shopping values, and any possible factors influencing the experiences. The method of critical incident technique was used with 198 critical incidents extracted from 165 responses of university students in the United States. As results, the shopping experiences on Black Friday were categorized into positive vs. negative shopping experiences. After that, the positive and negative experiences were respectively divided into two common themes: utilitarian shopping value vs. hedonic shopping value. In addition to the common themes, 12 categories were also emerged. Among positive experiences, utilitarian shopping experiences includes two categories of off-price shopping and shopping for expensive products, whereas hedonic shopping experiences includes three categories of impulse buying, holiday atmosphere, and shopping for the latest or luxury brand products. Among negative experiences, utilitarian shopping experiences includes four categories of modest discounts, out of stock, time-consuming queues, and fatigue of holiday shopping, while hedonic shopping experiences includes three categories of crowded environments, compulsive buying, and poorly managed stores. In conclusion, it is notable that consumer can undergo negative as well as positive shopping experiences on Black Friday. Implications and suggestions are also discussed.