• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.649-669
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• 2013

The research deals with the changes of the laws related to gifted education focusing on the Marland Report. As result, contrary to conventional argument for the beginning of legal ground for gifted education, 1958's National Defense Education Act(P. L. 85~864) which stipulated the article for 'identification and encouragement' for 'able students' can be said the first legislation of gifted education in the level of federal government. In the case of definition of the gifted, prior to 1972's Marland Report, there was the first legal definition in the Section 806 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act(P. L. 91~230, 1970), which said "Children who have outstanding intellectual ability or creative talent". However Marland Report expanded the realm of the gifted from the area of intelligence to the area of leadership, art and psychomotor ability. On the basis of Marland Report, in 1974 the Office of Gifted and Talented was set up in the Department of Education for dealing with gifted education in federal. Further, Marland emphasized the importance of stipulating article related to funds for gifted education in law. Without manifesting funds for gifted education in law, he knew very well how hard it was to practice gifted education in reality. This implies that regulation funds for gifted education is crucial for effective actualization of gifted education.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.3
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• pp.35-72
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to recommend the Ministry of Defense(MOD) for revolutionizing the current defense education system. As an instructor and an education planning officer of the ROK Army College, for last dozen months, the author has been embarrassed whenever tried to figure out what would be the role, functions, and educational goals of the college. In a nutshell, there has not been any general guidance for educating field grade officers. This unbelievable defect mainly comes from the absence of a responsible organization in the MOD. Even though it has the education branch under the department of personnel affairs, it doesn't have capabilities to design and implement the consistent and valuable education policy. Therefore, the development of defense education should begin with reinforcing the organization and functions of the MOD education branch. We need more experts on education( i.e. Ph.Ds of Education) and experienced specialties on defense education so that we could develop the overall guidance for military professional education. In addition, we need to enact the "defense or military education act" in a tentative name. This will ensure the legitimacy and continuity of defense education guidance initiated by the MOD. In a conclusion, it is senseless to think the blueprint for the Army College out until the preconditions mentioned above are matured. We must begin with rectifying the higher educational system.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.399-417
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• 1999

Viewers have always switched channels and they have selected by turning away from the TV and returning to the set when the content seemed more amusing. Also, people usually watch television with their family members and thus the experience of viewing is embedded uniquely in ongoing processes of family interaction. In other words, people develop patterns and habits through the act of viewing together. As viewing with family members is the most frequent mode of media exposure, the context of family viewing needs to be thoroughly examined if we are to understand the family's use of television. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic nature of television viewing behavior. With the people meter's second-by-second viewing information, first we analyze who, when, and why viewers change channels. The ensuing reduction of advertising impact due to zapping will be investigated as well. Then the focus will be shifted to the dynamic interaction of coviewing among family members. In order to further explore the in-depth nature of television viewing, actual viewing information should be cross-analyzed with respect to both demographic and psychographic variables. In this study we surveyed individual characteristics such as television watching patterns, program type preference, attitude toward commercials, channel control intensity, and personalities. We have demonstrated that the results of an meticulus analysis of survey data provide valuable insights into the dynamics of television viewing among family members.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1589-1596
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• 2011

Through the convergence of the games industry value creation is possible regions. It typically appears as a Serious Game. Education, medical, defense such as industry and convergence are creating greater added value. The government also identified the importance of the games industry, and the budget set, game development, support business, human resources development policy, along with business and industry to industry to solve the social problems of regulatory policy and operations are being announced. However, by accessing it from a different perspective on the continued growth of the industry's problems is thought to act as. Thus, policymakers in government positions and in fact industry to conduct business in the private sector to reflect both the position of the design of a new development approach is needed. In this study examines the current game industry development policies, as well as activities at corporate level and industry level, the activities of national at the same time that the service should consider using a model with an integrated perspective of the games industry development policy is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 2021

This study attempted to conduct the study from a macro perspective more specifically through the temporal and spatial analysis of Minbuk villages according to a change in a Civilian Control Line, such as a social and spatial distribution and a change of the existing Minbuk villages. To this end, this study conducted the spatial analysis for the change in the Minbuk villages according to the adjustment of the Civilian Control Line in time series by using a map of the Armistice Agreement Vol. 2, Google Earth, a digital cadastral map, an administrative district map, and the like are used as spatial data, and summarizing and constructing, as attribute data, a statistical yearbook, Ministry of Defense and Cheorwon-Gun notification data, a Land Use Regulation Information System, and cadastral map attribute information. After the enactment of the Military Facility Protection Act, the analysis was performed on a 20-year basis based on the 1976 statistical yearbook of which the Civilian Control Line was drawn. As a result, the total area of the Civilian Control Zone in Cheorwon from 1975 to 2015 decreased by 105.8 km², and 9 of 14 Minbuk villages were released and only 6 villages existed. The unoccupied villages were analyzed as 14 villages, 10 fewer than the existing surveyed or statistical villages. The movement of the Civilian Control Line to the north may disappear the unique characteristics of the Minbuk villages but should be done carefully as it is closely related to the lives of the current residents, and policies should be established in terms of sustainable development and conservation of the villages. This study is significant in conducting the temporal and spatial analysis, which is the basis of the Minbuk regions and the Minbuk villages, and may be used as basic data necessary for subsequent analysis study.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.349-384
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• 2013

The Sputnik 1 launching in 1957 made the world recognize the necessity of international regulations on space development and activities in outer space. The United Nations established COPUOS the very next year, and adopted the mandate to examine legal issues concerning the peaceful uses of outer space. At the time, the military sector of the U.S.A. and the Soviet Union were in charge of the space development and they were not welcomed to discuss the prohibition of the military uses of outer space at the legal section in the COPUOS. Although both countries had common interests in securing the freedom of military uses in outer space. As the social and economic benefits derived from space activities have become more apparent, civil expenditures on space activities have continued to increase in several countries. Virtually all new spacefaring states explicitly place a priority on space-based applications to support social and economic development. Such space applications as satellite navigation and Earth imaging are core elements of almost every existing civil space program. Likewise, Moon exploration continues to be a priority for such established spacefaring states as China, Russia, India, and Japan. Recently, Companies that manufacture satellites and ground equipment have also seen significant growth. On 25 February 2012 China successfully launched the eleventh satellite for its indigenous global navigation and positioning satellite system, Beidou. Civil space activities began to grow in China when they were allocated to the China Great Wall Industry Corporation in 1986. China Aerospace Corporation was established in 1993, followed by the development of the China National Space Administration. In Japan civil space was initially coordinated by the National Space Activities Council formed in 1960. Most of the work was performed by the Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science of the University of Tokyo, the National Aerospace Laboratory, and, most importantly, the National Space Development Agency. In 2003 all this work was assumed by the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA). Japan eases restrictions on military space development. On 20 June 2012 Japan passed the Partial Revision of the Cabinet Establishment Act, which restructured the authority to regulate Japanese space policy and budget, including the governance of the JAXA. Under this legislation, the Space Activities Commission of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, which was responsible for the development of Japanese space program, will be abolished. Regulation of space policy and budget will be handed over to the Space Strategy Headquarter formed under the Prime Minister's Cabinet. Space Strategy will be supported by a Consultative Policy Commission as an academics and independent observers. By revoking Article 4 (Objectives of the Agency) of a law that previously governed JAXA and mandated the development of space programs for "peaceful purposes only," the new legislation demonstrates consistency with Article 2 of the 2008 Basic Space Law. In conformity with the principles laid down in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty JAXA is now free to pursue the non-aggressive military use of space. New legislation is the culmination of a decade-long process that sought ways to "leverage Japan's space development programs and technologies for security purposes, to bolster the nation's defenses in the face of increased tensions in East Asia." In this connection it would also be very important and necessary to create an Asian Space Agency(ASA) for strengthening cooperation within the Asian space community towards joint undertakings.