• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.22-31
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• 2014

Military UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) operated as a RC(Remotely Control) model level within the limit of the military special use airspace until now. However, the high and medium altitude of URA(Unmanned Reconnaissance Aircraft) which the ROKAF have been trying to import recently is at the UAV level and needs the criteria for the classified airspace flights. The required flight criteria includes operator location, mission operation limit, equipment, etc., which are the principle and standard applied based on the airspace use for UAV. Also, the general flight rules, visual flight rules, instrument flight rules are required in order to have to be applied to the actual flight. Besides, an appliance regulation needs to be arranged regarding two-way communication, ATC and communication issue, airspace and area in-flight between UAS( Unmanned Aircraft System) users. An operation of the UAV in the air significantly requires the guarantee of the aircraft's capacity, and also the standardized flight criteria. A safe and smooth use is ensured only if this criteria is applied and understood by the entire airspace users. For the purpose, a standardized military UAV flight operations criteria that is to be applied for each airspace by UAV is to be prepared through analysis of the present state, a legend UAV system, and a special character analysis.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2015

Global market of unmanned aircraft(UA) is rapidly expending based on the versatile and efficient utility of the UA. Domestically many industries, universities and research institutes are trying to do research and development of the UA in various angle of aspect. In spite of these effort, all the participants of research and development of the UA has been suffering the difficulty of acquiring the airspace around vicinity of Goheung airfield for the flight test of UA. Although the current procedure of execution of the flight test of UA is set after acquiring the airspace by applying the NOTAM(Notice To Air Man) to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport(MLIT) at least 7 days before the flight test and commencing with the publication of the NOTAM by MLIT, if the flight test is carried out as planned, changing or reapplying the NOTAM expends mort time and makes difficulty often. Therefore it is needed that a restricted airspace for the flight test of UA is established and make all the executioner of flight test uses the exclusive airspace without limitation. This research proposes the restricted airspace with short term and long term establish requirement of airspace separately. The short term requirement has been established with the airspace of 10 nm radius and 8,000 ft altitude in which the requirements of flight test can be carried out more than 90% without needs of supplement of the additional airspace. The long term has been established within the airspace of 30 nm radius which is the maximum Radio Line Of Sight(RLOS) and 8,000 ft altitude with exclusion of current air way, airport control area, approaching corridor to the airport, existing restricted area(RA) and Military Operating Area(MOA) for the purpose of minimizing inconvenience of the other airspace user. Once establishing the exclusive airspace for the flight test of UA, research and development of industries, universities and research institutes will be more vigorous and contributes to the national economy.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.12
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• pp.144-177
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• 2000

Our nation have several procedures and law for national airspace management, however those procedures and law not enough to manage airspace. Therefore, I have studied this paper for improving flight safety and for providing economics flight of civcil aircraft and military aircraft, also, for increasing efficiency of airspace through systematic airspace management, additionally, for improving nation defense ability and for preventation our nation damage when occuring airspace problem. Nowaday. in using airspace. two theory which freely use theory and use theory under jurisdiction is opposed by every nation in worldwide. Consequently. we can realize every nation endeavour to increase their jurisdiction airspace. However. our nation is not still prepared to cope with other nation when occuring airspace trouble. because airspace definition is not prescribed on our aviation law. Therefore. several problems which are improved in our airspace management are presented on this paper. The presented matters are as follows. First, The airspace definition is not prescribed on aviation law and responsibility limit of airspace management is ambugious. Second. problem on structure of approach control area and special airspace, Third. problem on airway system. Fourth. civil agency and military agency apply respectively different regulation in establishment of aircraft flight route, To grasp these problems, considered the airspace conception, airspace classfication. legal character of airspace. our nation airspace state and management together with other nation airspace state and management. also compared our nation airspace management with other nation airspace management. And. improvement methods to solve problems which was appeared by comparing and analysis are presented on this paper.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2012

Nowadays, the demand of civil application of an UAV has been being increased all over the world. And many projects are going on to develop a new regulatory system for an UAV to access a national airspace. Especially, to fly UAV over the non-restricted airspace as a standard airworthiness standard, many authority funded research institutes and associations are studying regulatory environment. For the UAV to access civil airspace, the certification system of the aviation regulation have to allow this. FAA of US, CASA of Australia and European authorities are now issuing an experimental airworthiness certificate to a civil UAV. This is the first step of issuing a standard airworthiness certificate. And many people believe that civil UAV can fly over a NAS if some technical issues are resolved. In this study, I would like to present an international trends of a civil UAV regulation system, reliability trend of unmanned aerial system and would like to bring up a our regulatory environment and suggest an UAV regulatory policy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-19
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• 2003

The airspace has to be designed considering the flight safety and economic efficiency of aircraft operators. The International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO) published standards and recommended practices for safe design of the airspace. Each contracting country must follow the ICAO standards in designing the airspace for the utilization of civil aviation. Normally each member establishes its own standards and national aviation law for the safe and efficient design of the airspace, regarding the ICAO standards. However, our government has not developed yet clear and detailed standards and regulation system for airspace design. This might lead to aviation accidents and disputes between operators of aviation system This study is to review the characteristics of ICAO standards and a legal problem related to application of international standards for airspace design. Specifically this research analyzed the case of airspace design and operation of a domestic airport. The results of analysis are as follow: (1) per the safety of civil aviation, it is very required to establish national regulation system to follow ICAO standards in designing airspace, (2) It is also necessary to establish separate procedure for civil aircraft in military air base, when the aerodrome is co-used by military and civil aircraft. If the same procedure for military aircraft is applied to civil aircraft, it is necessary to make clear what the design concept is, (3) and the differences from ICAO standards have to be publicly known.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.255-272
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• 2005

This study was conducted to present the adaquate guidelines necessary in decision making processes regarding air traffic management as well as airspace management in the national airspace system. It encompasses the overall advanced air traffic management initiatives, domestic air traffic congestion and resolution method as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.101-107
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• 2011

A UAV is defined as a powered, aerial vehicle that does not carry a human operator, and can fly autonomously or be piloted remotely. UAV operations have increased dramatically during the past several years in both the public and private sectors. The utilization of UAV and the activities of diverse widening, now the challenge was how to operate and integrate UAV safely in the NAS. The purpose of this study is to look around the trend for operability of Smart UAV in the NAS and to provide its implications and the future direction of integrated operating airspace focusing on U.S. where R&D and demand of UAV are the most in the world.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.914-923
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• 2015

UAS(Unmanned Aircraft System) has been used a lot in military applications but recently its usage is expanding to commercial applications due to its recent technical development and its market is expected to grow rapidly in the future. In hyper-connectivity society, especially UAS would play major role as an one of potential infrastructures for the architecture of the next 5G system. The ultimate goal is the successful integration of UAS in NAS(National Airspace System) relies heavily on ensuring reliable spectrum for the robust CNPC(Command and Non-Payload Communication) links as well as payload links for other various applications in the upcoming hyper-connectivity era. In this paper, we have focused on the analysis of the existing frequencies for UAS radio-control and the current issues for CNPC and payload frequencies, and proposed future efficient utilization policy for UAS in the hyper-connectivity society.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.329-335
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• 2016

Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are defined as the system whose components include the necessary equipment, network, and personnel to control an unmanned aircraft. In the past, UAS were predominately operated for military operations. However, nowadays, the applications of UAS to commercial area are explosively augmented and UAS are being expected to be integrated in national airspace. Therefore, the need for the standardized datalink systems rapidly and the development of control and non-payload communication (CNPC) system are being processed for integration in national airspace in United States and Europe. In this paper, the technology trends for UAS CNPC datalink are explained and presented the performance evaluation results for CNPC system, which is the modified version of IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.43-53
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• 2011

It is well known some Foreign aircraft used to fly INCHEON FIR(Flight Information Region), especially the island of IEODO without a flight plan, even though foreign aircraft is subject to submitting a flight plan to Flight Information Center(FIC) before its flight. IEODO is a sunken rock 4.6m beneath the sea level, 149km away from Marado. Facing the Yangtze river's sea entrance horizontally and military zones of Korea and China vertically, IEODO is a very important place for national security of North East Asia because it is located at the boundary between China East Sea and Yellow Sea of South Korea. Moreover, JDZ(the 7th mine lot) is just 77NM from IEODO, which possesses natural gas eight times bigger than the gulf region and oil 4.5 times bigger than that of the U.S. In addition, INCHEON FIR, managed by MLTM(Air Traffic Control Center) and Japanese Self-Defense Force's JADIZ(Japanese Air Defense Identification Zone) are overlapping on IEODO whose air space is very complex. This paper focuses on air space, FIR, ADIZ(Air Defense Identification Zone) and related airspace system and suggests strategic implications of how to prevent foreign aircraft from invading INCHEON FIR without permission and of how to utilize the airspace efficiently.