• 제목/요약/키워드: Nasal mucosa

검색결과 149건 처리시간 0.025초

석창포가 알레르기성 비염 유발 동물 모델에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Acorus gramineus on Changes of Nasal Tissue in Allergic Rhinitis Model)

  • 정의령;김윤범
    • 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.16-25
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    • 2008
  • Background & Objectives : Rhinitis is an inflammation of nasal mucosa. The major symtoms are watery rhinorrhea, sneezing, itchy nose, and nasal obstruction. Allergic rhinitis is an immune reaction by allergen. So, we aimed to determine therapeutic effects of Acorus gramineus by observing changes in IL-4, $IFN-{\gamma}$ and the nasal mucosal tissue. Materials and Methods : Fifteen BALC/c mice were divided into three groups : m group(which ate low concentrated herbal medicine ), M group(which ate high concentrated herbal medicine) and control group. Control and experimental group were induced allergic rhinitis by Ovalbumin as the method of Levin and Vaz. Experimental group was orally administered the Acorus gramineus extract for 28days. We observed changes in IL-4, $IFN-{\gamma}$ and trans aminase(AST, ALT) in blood and nasal mucosa and submucosa. Results : There were no significant changes statistically in IL-4 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ in blood(p<0.05). And there were no hepatotoxicity with Acorus gramineus extract. Histologically, almost no inflammatory response in treatment group(m,M) against that there were inflammatory response(increased goblet cells, dilated vessels, edema of bowman's glands and injured olfactory hairs) in control group. Conclusion : According to above results, it is supposed that Acorus gramineus has no immunological effects on allergic rhinitis.

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사람 코점막에서 분리된 메티실린 내성 Staphylococcus epidermidis Z0117SE0042의 유전체 염기서열 (Complete genome of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Z0117SE0042 isolated from human nasal mucosa)

  • ;오재영;한재익;송원근;박희명;채종찬
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제54권4호
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    • pp.468-470
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    • 2018
  • 메티실린 내성 Staphylococcus epidermidis Z0117SE0042을 수의사의 코점막으로부터 분리하였다. 완전 해독된 Z0117SE0042 균주의 게놈은 약 2.5 Mb의 염색체와 24 kb, 23 kb 크기의 2개 플라스미드로 구성되어 있었다. 본 연구에서 해독된 유전체 정보는 인간의 정상미생물상에 존재하는 항생제 내성유전자의 분포를 추적하는데 유용한 기반이 될 것으로 기대된다.

인삼(人蔘) 추출액(抽出液)이 SO2 Gas에 폭로(暴露)된 새앙쥐 호흡기상피(呼吸器上皮)의 섬모(纖毛)변화에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관한 연구(硏究) (Studies on the Effects of Ginseng Extract for Mucociliary Change in Mice Nasal Septum Epithelia Exposured to Sulfur Dioxide gas)

  • 김무강;조성환;류시윤;이근좌;한경오;이철호
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.241-251
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    • 1991
  • In order to investigate the effect of Panax ginseng extract and it's degree in mucociliary change of mice nasal septum epithelia exposured to sulfur dioxide, 96 ICR male mice were used. They were at first divided the 4th week, the 8th week or the 16th week groups according to the age after birth and 6 hour or 12 hour groups according to the $SO_2$ gas exposured hour in a day, and at control, 50mg, 100mg and 200mg injection groups according to the dosage of the freeze-drying powder of the ginseng extract which was injected into the mouse peritoneal cavities in the condition of the solution solved with physiological saline solution. Each subgroups which were divided finaly included 4 male mice. The histological tissue sections for observation were made from nasal septum, posterior nasal orfice and trachea. The results obtained by experiments were summarized as followings. 1. The loss of the nasal mucosa epithelial cilia of the mouse exponsure to the $SO_2$ gas after ginseng extract injection was apparently diminish eompare to those exposured only $SO_2$ gas without pretreatment of ginseng extract (p<0.01). 2. The inhibition effect for the loss of nasal mucocilia according to the ginseng extract dosages not found in this research (p>0.05). 3. There were differences in the loss of nasal mucosa cilia according to the $SO_2$ gas exposure time between the control group and ginseng extract pretreatment group (p<0.01). 4. According to the increase of the postnatal time, there were remarkable differences between the control group and the ginseng extract pretreatment groups in the loss of nasal mucosa cilia (p<0.01). 5. Ciliary changes of the posterior nasal orifice and trachea according to the $SO_2$ gas exposure time, mice age and ginseng dosages, were not dearly observed in this light microscopical observation.

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점막 추출액중 치로트로핀 유리호르몬의 효소적 분해 및 안정화 (Enzymatic Degradation and Stabilization of Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone in Various Rabbit Mucosa Extracts)

  • 전인구;신동원
    • Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.99-108
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    • 1997
  • To evaluate the feasibility of mucosal delivery of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) through various mucosae, enzymatic degradation and stabilization of TRH in the nasal, rectal and duodenal extracts of rabbits were studied. TRH in the extracts was assayed by HPLC and its degradation was found to follow apparent first-order kinetics. The residual concentrations of TRH in the mucosal extracts of nasal, rectal and duodenal segments after 24 hr of incubation were found to be $65.1({\pm}1.1),\;19.7({\pm}2.7)$ and 0%, and in the serosal extracts, $65.6({\pm}5.5),\;75.2({\pm}1.1)$ and $68.7({\pm}1.4)%$, respectively. This result suggests that there is a significant difference in the activity of TRH-degrading enzymes among the sites of administration. The inhibition of TRH degradation in the mucosa extracts was kinetically investigated using various additives such as thimerosal, benzalkonium chloride, disodium edetate, ${\sigma}-phenanthroline$, dithiothreitol and dithioerythritol, and $IC_{50}$ values of inhibitors were calculated. The results obtained showed that thimerosal (0.5 mM) and benzalkonium chloride (0.141 mM) protected TRH from the enzymatic degradation in all the mucosa extracts more than 95% after 24 hr of incubation.

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치로트로핀 유리 호르몬의 점막 투과 증진 (Enhanced Transmucosal Permeation of Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone)

  • 전인구;신동원
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.263-270
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    • 1999
  • The in vitro permeation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) through rabbit nasal, rectal and duodenal mucosae was studied in the absence and presence of an enzyme inhibitor and permeation enhancer. TRH in the donor and receptor solutions was assayed by HPLC. When thimerosal (TM, 0.5 mM) was added to the donor cell as an inhibitor, the permeation rate of TRH (200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) increased linearly as a function of time. Fluxes of TRH through the nasal, rectal and duodenal mucosae were found to be 33.3$\pm$5.9, 11.8$\pm$1.9 and 9.6$\pm$0.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$\textrm{Cm}^2$/hr, respectively. The addition of sodium glycocholate, glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt, sodium taurodihydrofusidate or L-$\alpha$-lysophosphatidylcholine to the donor solution containing TM did not result in the significant increase of permeation flux except for the duodenal mucosa, comparing with that in the presence of TM alone. Consequently, it was suggested that the nasal route was advantageous for systemic delivery of TRH, and the addition of TM and/or an enhancer was necessary to maximize the transmucosal permeation of TRH.

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토끼의 수종 점막 추출액중 로이신엔케팔린 및 [D-알라$^2]$-로이신엔케팔린아미드의 효소적 분해 특성 (Enzymatic Degradation of Leucine Enkephalin and $[D-Ala^2]$-Leucine Enkephalinamide in Various Rabbit Mucosa Extracts)

  • 전인구;박인숙
    • 약학회지
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    • 제38권5호
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    • pp.530-543
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    • 1994
  • To study the feasibility of transmucosal delivery of leucine enkephalin (Leu-Enk) and $[D-ala^2]$-leucine enkephalinamide (YAGFL), their degradation extents and pathways in various rabbit mucosa extracts were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography. The degradation of Leu-Enk and YAGFL was observed to follow the first-order kinetics. The degradation half-lives of Leu-Enk in the nasal, rectal and vaginal mucosal extracts were 1.62, 0.37 and 1.12 hrs and those of YAGFL were 30.55, 9.70 and 6.82 hrs, respectively, indicating Leu-Enk was degraded in a more extensive and rapid manner than YAGFL. But the mucosal and serosal extracts of the same mucosa showed the similar degradation rates for both pentapeptides. The degradation was most rapid in the neutral pH and increasing concentrations of substrates retarded the degradation rates. The maior hydrolytic fragments of Leu-Enk were Des-Tyr-Leu-Enk and tyrosine, indicating the enzymatic hydrolysis by aminopeptidases. However, the data also suggested endopeptidases such as dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase and dipeptidyl aminopeptidase could play some role in the degradation of Leu-Enk. On the other hand, the hydrolytic fragments of YAGFL in all the mucosa extracts were mainly Tyr-D-Ala-Gly and Phe-Leu-Amide, demonstrating the hydrolytic breakdown by endopeptidases. The degradation pathways were further explored by concomitantly determining the formation of smaller metabolites of primary hydrolytic fragments of Leu-Enk and YAGFL in the mucosa extracts.

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흡연이 비저항에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Smoking on Nasal Resistance)

  • 오천환;김장욱
    • 대한기관식도과학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.113-118
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    • 1999
  • Background & Objectives : Nasal resistance which is halfly responsible for airway resistance is known to be influenced by hypoxia, hypercapnia, exercise, pregnancy, alcohol, ammonia and smoking. Smoking is a common part of our sociocultural environment and we have many a times been introduced to its various adverse effects, which have usually been more focused on lung problems. The purpose of this study is to determine any relationship between smoking and nasal resistance and to evaluate it's effective sites. Materials and Methods : Acoustic rhinometry was performed in 25 smokers and 25 nonsmokers who had no nasal symptoms nor abnormal rhinoscopic findings, and used an acoustic rhinometry to measure the distance from nose-piece to the C-notch, cross sectional area at the C-notch, and volume of the nasal cavity from nose-piece to 7cm. The authors compared the data between the two groups. Results : The cross sectional area at the C-notch was significantly decreased(p<0.05) in smoking group. The distance to the C-notch and the volume of nasal cavity were decreased likely in smoking group but there were no significant difference(p>0.05). Conclusion : Smoking reduced the cross sectional area at the C-notch, so increased the nasal resistance. The underlying mechanisms seems to be decreased nasal mucosal reactivity and congestion of the nasal mucosa. The authors believe there should follow more studies on pathophysiologic mechanisms and the histopathologic changes which involve the effect of smoking on nasal structures.

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비강 내 공기유동과 열 및 물질전달에 관한 연구 (Research on the nasal airflow and heat and mass transfer)

  • 김성균;휜광림;박준형
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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    • pp.1479-1483
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    • 2008
  • The three main physiological functions of nose are air-conditioning, filtering and smelling. Knowledge of airflow characteristics in nasal cavities is essential to understand the physiological and pathological aspects of nasal breathing. Several studies have utilized physical models of the healthy nasal cavity to investigate the relationship between nasal anatomy and airflow. In our laboratory, there have been a series of experimental investigations on the nasal airflow in normal and deformed nasal cavity models by PIV under both constant and periodic flow conditions. In this time, airflow inside normal nasal cavity is investigated numerically by the FVM general purpose code. The comparisons with PIV measurement are appreciated. Heat and humidity transfer is dealt numerically. Dense CT data and careful treatment of model surface under the ENT doctor’s advice provide more sophisticated cavity models for both PIV experiment and numerical grid system. Average and RMS velocity distributions have been obtained for inspirational and expirational nasal. Temperature distribution, heat and humidity transfer through the mucosa are obtained.

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신이청폐음(辛荑淸肺飮)이 알레르기 비염 동물 모델에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Sinichengpae-um in Allergic Rhinitis Model Rats)

  • 김언호;김경준
    • 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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    • 제19권3호통권31호
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    • pp.60-67
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    • 2006
  • Objective : Allergic rhinitis is an allergic reaction characterized by sneezing, coughing, itchy nose, mouth and throat, congestion and/or nasal discharge. We aim to observe effect of Sinichengpae-um on protective effects of nasal mucosal tissue in th allergic rhinitis. Method : For this purpose, we oberserved number of leukocyte and erythrocyte in blood, ratio of neutrophil and lymphocyte in leukocyte, activity of GOT and GPT, and histopathologic change of nasal mucose. Result and Conclusion : Sinicheogpae-um showed effects on immune reaction with no harms liver. And in histopathologic change of nasal mucosal tissue, Sinichengpae-um showed significant protective effet against allergic rhinitis.

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비염의 평가 방법에 대한 제언 ; 비교 분석 및 설립 (Proposal on the Severity Scoring System of Rhinitis ; Comparison, Analysis and Establishment)

  • 황순이;황보민;임진호;지선영;김상찬;백정한;이상곤
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.235-244
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    • 2006
  • There is much confusion in the field of Rhinitis regarding how to best measure disease severity objectively, Therefore, we aimed to establish a new adequate scoring system for Rhinitis, that should be based on comparison analysis of various scoring systems. We report as follows. We researched for data relating to severity scoring systems for rhinitis in Entrez PubMed from 1995 to 2005 and in Kiss Kstudy. Results and Conclusions: Properties of severity scoring systems were validity, sensitivity of change and ease of use. The essential items of severity scoring systems were subjective symptoms. The criterion of severity were divided into subjective symptoms and complication and Quality of Life. Intensity items are nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching, Postnasal drip, nasal mucosa swelling, nasal mucosa color, complication. Subjective symptoms is difficulty of Life. The significant items of severity scoring system are nasal symptoms. The whole score does with the maximum 30 scores. As it were, we assumed nasal symptoms accounted for around 80% of each total score, with complication and difficulty of Life representing 20%.