• 제목/요약/키워드: NaOH pretreatment

검색결과 120건 처리시간 0.032초

A New Method of Extracting Whole Cell Proteins from Soil Microorganisms Using Pre-treatment of Ammonium Hydroxide

  • Kang, Han-Chul;Kim, Jong-Bum;Roh, Kyung Hee;Yoon, Sang-Hong
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제56권3호
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    • pp.171-177
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    • 2013
  • Efficient extraction of total proteins from soil microorganisms is tedious because of small quantity. In this regard, an improved method for extraction of whole cell proteins is developed from soil microorganisms, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris. of which the cell wall are very strong. Pretreatment with NH4OH prior to the final extraction using NaOH/SDS was tried under the basis that ammonium ion was possible to enhance the permeability and/or to weaken the yeast cell walls. The pre-treatment of yeast cells with NH4OH drastically enhanced the protein extraction when it was compared with control (without NH4OH pre-treatment). At the pre-treatment of 0.04 N NH4OH at pH 9.0, about 3 fold of proteins was obtained from p. pastoris. Ammonium hydroxide appears to penetrate into the yeast cell walls more readily at basic pH. The effect of NH4OH pretreatment was pH dependent. The methods developed in this experiment might be applicable for an effective extraction of yeast proteins for the purpose of biochemical studies, especially proteomic analysis.

Effect of alkali pretreatment on bioconversion of waste money bill to glucose for bio-ethanol production

  • Sheikh, M. Mominul Islam;Kim, Chul-Hwan;Park, Hyun-Jin;Kim, Sung-Ho;Kim, Gyeong-Chul;Lee, Ji-Yong;Kim, Jae-Won
    • 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국펄프종이공학회 2011년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.167-177
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    • 2011
  • Renewable energy resources and technologies have the potential to provide long-lasting solutions of the global energy-requirements faced by the economic and environmental sectors of a nation. Therefore, waste money bills were used as renewable energy source for the production of bio-ethanol. In this study, different concentrated NaOH 0.5%. 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0% and 0.0% (as a control) were used for 10, 20 and 30 mins at $121^{\circ}C$/15 psi in an autoclave. Saccharification and fermentation (aerobic and anaerobic) were carried out through commercial enzyme Celluclast 1.5 L, Novozymes 188 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM 11304 respectively. The results of pretreatment showed that the NaOH pre-treated substrate enhanced enzyme action and released more amount of glucose. The amount of glucose was found with the increasing concentration of NaOH and time $44996.95{\pm}6.30$, $46763.10{\pm}3.56$, $53421.32{\pm}4.72$, $63431.25{\pm}6.95$ and $56850.98{\pm}6.75\;ng/{\mu}l$ for 30 min respectively. As for bioethanol, the conversion rate of NaOH resulted $1010.08{\pm}4.71$, $1050.25{\pm}4.37$, $1109.49{\pm}4.39$, $1139.25{\pm}3.26$ and $1020.77{\pm}3.89$ ppm for aerobic; $16730.54{\pm}6.67$, $17076.45{\pm}6.25$, $17516.17{\pm}4.49$, $19782.68{\pm}6.19$ and $17973.39{\pm}7.50$ ppm for anaerobic and $18935.02{\pm}4.59$, $19895.45{\pm}5.39$, $21912.95{\pm}4.83$, $24895.21{\pm}6.72$ and $18961.21{\pm}4.90$ ppm for anaerobic condition with benzoic acid for respective condition. Thus, the results of the present work clearly revealed that with the increasing of alkali concentration might be more effective for bio-ethanol production from waste money bill, which is economic and environmental friendly.

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분리막 농축수에 포함된 Na를 이용한 저농도 NaOH 용액의 합성 (Synthesis of Low Concentration of NaOH Solution using $Na^+$ ion in the Concentrated Water from Membrane Separation Process)

  • 이윤지;박연진;최정학;신원식;최상준;전웅
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제49권6호
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    • pp.810-815
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    • 2011
  • 역삼투막을 이용한 해수담수화 과정에서 발생하는 농축수 내에는 고농도의 $Na^+$ 이온이 포함되어 있으며, 이를 경제성 있는 NaOH 용액으로 회수하기 위해 전기분해를 적용하였다. 실험실 규모의 전기분해장치를 구성하여 실험조건의 변화에 따른 NaOH 용액의 합성농도를 비교하였다. 이온교환막의 종류(CIMS 막, Nafion 막), 이온교환막의 전처리 유무, 농축수의 유입 유속(73 mL/min ~ 200 mL/min), 모의 농축수의 농도(1.5 M ~ 5 M), 전류(1.5 A, 2 A) 등의 인자를 변화시켜 전기분해를 수행한 결과, CIMS 막은 Nafion 막에 비하여 NaOH 용액의 합성효율은 뛰어나지만, 장시간운전 이후에 염소가스에 대한 내구성이 떨어졌다. 또한, 모의 농축수의 $Na^+$ 이온농도와 전류가 높을수록 NaOH 용액의 합성효율은 증가하였으나, 모의 농축수의 유입 유속이 낮을수록 합성효율은 증가하였다.

부들의 전처리를 통한 당의 추출과 소다펄프화에 관한 연구 (1) 당 추출 (Sugar Extraction by Pretreatment and Soda Pulping From Cattail (Typha latifolia L.) (1) Extraction of Sugar)

  • 이성은;김완중;손미경;서영범
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.88-94
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    • 2010
  • Cattail (Typha L.) was used as a raw material for producing both bio-ethanol and pulp for papermaking at the same time. Pretreatments of cattail stems and leaves with acid ($H_2SO_4$) and alkali (NaOH) in three different addition levels were studied before soda pulping. The acid pretreatment gave reducing sugar of 15.2% of initial weight, but alkali pretreatment close to 1%. Soda pulping of the pretreated cattail gave 3% reduction in pulp yield and less bonding properties in paper; however, refining of the pulp from the pretreated cattail with alkali restored their fiber bondings up to that of the pulp from no-pretreated cattail at equivalent freeness.

Kraft펄프의 효소표백반응에 미치는 페놀라디칼 전달체의 영향 (The Effects of Phenolic Radical Carriers on the Enzymatic. Bleaching of Kraft Pulp)

  • 류근갑
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.183-190
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    • 1995
  • 효소를 이용한 펄프의 전 처리가 펄프의 표백 효 과에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 펄프의 kappa number 감소율은, 효소를 사용하지 않고 IN NaOH 용액으로 추출하였을 경우에는 13.7% 였으나 xyla nase(EC 3.2.1.8, Pulpzyme HB)를 사용하여 전 처 리를 하였을 경우에는 IN NaOH 추출 후 25.2%로 증가하였다. Xylanase와 함께 peroxidase mc 1.11.1.7, Novozyme 502) 빛 $H_2O_2$(O.lmM)를 사용하여 전 처리를 하였을 때, 페놀성 물질을 radical carrier 로 사용할 수 있는 가능성을 조사하였다. Radical carner로서 guaiacol(ImM)을 사용하면 kappa number의 감소율이 29.6%로 증가하였다. 그러나 phenol, p-chlorophenol 등을 radical carrier로서 샤용하거나 높은 농도의 $H_2O_2$(ImM)를 사용할 경우 에는 kappa number의 감소율은 줄어들므로 radi cal의 생성 속도 및 radical의 안정성이 중요한 변수 가 됨을 알 수 있었다.

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한국(韓國) 낙엽송재(落葉松材)의 목질(木質)세멘트판(板) 재질(材質)에 미치는 전처리(前處理) 및 첨가제(添加劑) 효과(效果) (Effects of Pretreatment and Chemical Additives on Wood Cement Board Qualities from Larix leptolepis Grown in Korea)

  • 박종영;이화형
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.250-259
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    • 1982
  • 낙엽송(落葉松)은 몇가지의 세멘트경화장해물질(硬化障害物質)을 함유(含有)하고 있기 때문에 목질(木質)세멘트판(板)의 제조(製造)에 부적합(不適合)한 수종(樹種)으로 알려져 왔다. 따라서 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 국산(國産) 낙엽송재(落葉松材)의 플레이크를 이용(利用)한 목질(木質)세멘트판(板) 재질(材質)에 미치는 전처리(前處理) 및 첨가제(添加劑)의 효과(效果)를 구명(究明)하고자 실시(實施)되었다. 보드의 재질(材質)을 향상(向上)시키기 위(爲)하여 냉수처리(冷水處理) 및 0.1, 0.5, 2.0%NaOH 용액(溶液)에 원료(原料)flake를 전처리(前處理) 시켰으며, $CaCl_2$, $Al_2Cl_3$$Na_2SiO_4$ 등(等)의 첨가제(添加劑)를 목질(木質)-세멘트혼합시(混合時)에 첨가(添加)시켰다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 얻어진 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 0.1%처리(處理)에서의 휨강도(强度)와 박리강도(剝離强度)는 냉수처리(冷水處理)에 비(比)하여 현저(顯著)한 강도증가효과(强度增加效果)를 나타냈다. 2. 휨강도(强度)는 0.1% 이상(以上)의 NaOH처리(處理)와 3% $CaCl_2$ (세멘트 대비(對比)) 첨가조건(添加條件)에서 JIS A-5417의 $60kg/cm^3$ 규격(規格)을 만족(滿足)시켰으며, 각(各) 첨가제(添加劑)는 공(共)히 0.5% 처리농도(處理濃度)에서 최대치(最大値)를 나타냈다. 3. 박리강도(剝離强度)는 0.1% 이상(以上)의 NaOH 처리(處理)에서 $CaCl_2$$Al_2Cl_3$의 첨가(添加)로 강도증가효과(强度增加效果)를 보였다. 4. NaOH처리농도(處理濃度)가 증가(增加)됨에 따라 팽창률(膨脹率)이 감소(減少)하여 치수안정상태(安定狀態)를 나타낸다. 5. 0.1% 이상(以上)의 NaOH처리(處理)에서 $Al_2Cl_3$, $CaCl_2$ 등(等)의 염화물(鹽化物)을 첨가(添加)시켰을 때 9.0~10.5%의 함수율(含水率)을 평형상태(平衡狀態)로 유지(維持)하였다. 6. 비중(比重)은 휨강도(强度) 및 박리강도(剝離强度) 등(等)의 강도적(强度的) 성질(性質)과 밀접(密接)한 관계(關係)가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

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두부제조폐기물과 하수슬러지의 화학/초음파 전처리에 의한 가용화 및 혐기발효 수소생산 (Fermentative Hydrogen Production from the Pretreated Food-Processing Waste and Sewage Sludge using Chemical/Ultra-Sonication)

  • 김미선;이동렬;김동훈;김옥선;임소영
    • 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.580-586
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    • 2010
  • Acid and alkali pretreatments were applied to tofu processing waste (TPW) to increase the solubility of ingredients in TPW. Pretreatment at 1.0% of HCl and 2.5% of NaOH condition resulted in the increase of SCOD concentration from 3.2 g COD/L to 27 g COD/L and 33 g COD/L, respectively. The acid and alkali-pretreated TPW was studied for its fermentative $H_2$ production capacity in batch mode using a thermophillic mixed culture. Alkali pretreatment on presence of 2.5% NaOH exhibited more soluble portion released compared to acid pretreatment using HCl, however the $H_2$ production from acid pretreated TPW was better than alkali-pretreated TPW probably due to the sodium inhibition on microbial activity. In addition, sewage sludge was externally added to the acid-pretreated (1.0% HCl) TPW by 20% (on volume basis). Average H2 production rate was increased from 31 to 78 ml/L-broth/hr, and it was attributed to the high buffer capacity and abundant nutrients especially divalent cation in sewage sludge.

Improvement of Dimensional Stability of Tropical Light-Wood Ceiba pentandra (L) by Combined Alkali Treatment and Densification

  • Deded Sarip NAWAWI;Andita MARIA;Rizal Danang FIRDAUS;Istie Sekartining RAHAYU;Adesna FATRAWANA;Fadlan PRAMATANA;Pamona Silvia SINAGA;Widya FATRIASARI
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.133-144
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    • 2023
  • Densification is an effective method for improving the physical and mechanical properties of low-density wood. However, the set-recovery of dimensions was found to be the problem of densified wood due to low fixation during the densification process. Alkali pretreatment before densification is thought to be a modification process to improve the dimensional stability of densified wood. In this research, the wood samples used were boiled in a 1.25 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution at different times, followed by densification for 5 h at 100℃. The alkali pretreatment for 1, 3, and 5 h of boiling increased the dimensional stability of densified woods and anti-swelling efficiency values were 8.52%, 63.24%, and 48.94%, respectively. The boiling of wood in NaOH solution decreased the holocellulose content, as well as lignin to a lesser degree, and a lower crystallinity index was observed. The lower hydroxyl groups and a higher proportion of lignin in treated samples seem to have contributed to the high dimensional stability detected.

이산화탄소 광물고정화 효율 증진을 위한 사문석의 전처리 방법의 비교 (Comparison of Pretreatment Method for the Enhancement of CO2 Mineralogied Sequestration using by Serpentine)

  • 장나형;박성권;심현민;김형택
    • 공업화학
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.24-28
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    • 2010
  • 이산화탄소의 광물고정화는 자연계의 풍화 작용을 모사한 것으로 매우 안정한 반응이지만 반응 속도가 매우 느리다. 이러한 반응 속도 증가를 위하여 광물의 전처리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이산화탄소 광물고정화 속도 증가를 위한 두 가지의 전처리 방법을 소개하고 고정화 효율 증가를 확인하였다. 열적전처리는 $630^{\circ}C$에서 행해지는데, 이는 이산화탄소가 고정화되는 것을 방해하는 사문석 분자 내의 -OH기의 제거한다. FT-IR 피크를 통해 -OH기가 제거되는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 화학적전처리는 사문석 내의 주요 광물고정화 성분인 마그네슘 성분을 $75^{\circ}C$의 추출 온도에서 황산을 이용하여 추출해내는 것이다. 황산의 수소이온이 사문석 내의 결합을 약화시켜 마그네슘이 추출되도록 한다. 이는 ICP-AES와 XRF를 통하여 추출량을 확인하였다. 전처리가 끝난 사문석을 이용하여 이산화탄소 광물고정화 반응을 진행시 열적전처리의 경우 43%의 이산화탄소 고정화 효율을 나타내는데, 전처리를 하지 않았을 때 27%의 효율에 비하여 증가하였음을 확인하였다. 하지만 이 경우 많은 에너지가 소비된다는 단점이 있다. 화학적 전처리의 경우 열적전처리에 비해 45 atm, $25^{\circ}C$라는 비교적 온화한 조건에서 진행되는데, 이산화탄소 고정화 효율도 전처리 전인 24%에서 42%까지 상승하는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

Changes in an Ammonia-like Odor and Chondroitin Sulfate Contents of Enzymatic Hydrolysates from Longnose Skate (Rasa rhina) Cartilage as Affected by Pretreatment Methods

  • Choi, Joo-Hyun;Woo, Jin-Wook;Lee, Yang-Bong;Kim, Seon-Bong
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.645-650
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    • 2005
  • To reduce ammonia-like odor in chondroitin sulfate, longnose skate (Rasa rhina) cartilage was processed by washing, autoclaving, and alkali pretreatments. Content of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), index of ammonia-like odor, of raw skate cartilage without pretreatment was 254 mg/100 g, whereas those of skate cartilage pretreated with washing and autoclaving increased to 630 and 636 mg/100 g, respectively. TVB-N of skate cartilage pretreated with sodium hydroxide sharply decreased to 15 mg/l00 g at optimal condition of 0.12 M and 3.6 volume of NaOH, as determined by surface response methodology of central composite design for optimization. Alkali pretreatment resulted in 97.6% deodorizing. Washing and autoclaving pretreatments had almost no effect on the yield of chondroitin sulfate (approximately 30%), whereas decreased to 16.0% after alkali pretreatment, showing chondroitin sulfate of skate cartilage as chondroitin sulfate C.