• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2009

벼 내염성 유묘검정에서 실용성, 경제성, 정밀성이 우수한 검정체계를 확립하고벼 자포니카 내염성 중간모본 및 품종개발을 위한 내염성 유전자원 및 품종을 선발 이용하고자 본 시험을 수행하였다. 1. 증류수 이용 Yoshida 양액에 NaCl를 첨가한 염처리는 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%로 희석한 바닷물로 Yoshida 양액을 제조한 염처리 보다 유묘 내염성 계통을 선발하는데 효율적이었다. 2. 수돗물로 양액 제조 처리는 증류수로 양액 제조 처리와 유묘 내염성 검정 달관평가에서 차이가 없었다. 3. 년차 및 지역간 내염성 재연성을 확인하기 위하여 '02년, '03년 계화도출장소 하계 및 '04년 국제미작연구소에서 건기에 유묘 내염성을 검정한 결과 IR73571-3B-11-3-K2 등 6계통의 3개년('02, '03 및 '04) 평균 유묘 내염성은 3~4.2로 Pokkali 내염성 3과 비슷하였고 년차 및 지역간 안정적 유묘내염성을 보였다. 4. Pokkali 및 FL478과 내염성이 비슷한 IR73571-3B-11-3-K2 등 6계통의 출수기는 8.16~8.21일로 동진벼와 같거나 2~6일 늦었으며 간장은 대부분의 계통이 동진벼 보다 7~17 cm작았으나 수장은 6~9 cm 길었다. 등숙율 및 수량은 동진벼 보다 각각 52.2~14.7%, 50~5% 낮았다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.49-53
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• 2016

급성 심 질환 환자는 트로포닌(troponin)과 같은 생물학적 표지자(biomarker)가 등장하면서 진단과 치료에 많은 개선이 있었다. 콩팥 질환에서는 많은 치료약제 개발이 꾸준하게 진전해 왔음에도 불구하고 실제 사망률이나 이환률은 별로 개선되지 않았다. 급성 콩팥 손상 환자를 대상으로 응급의료센터에서 측정한 NGAL의 측정치는 NGAL이 증가할수록 Creatinine이 유의하게 증가 하였다. 그러나, AST, ALT, BUN, Na, K, Cl 과의 상관관계는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. NAGL kit와 ELISA의 민감도는 ${\geq}300$ (92.2%), ${\geq}200$ (95.6%), ${\geq}100$ (99.6%), 특이도는 ${\geq}300$ (95.1%), ${\geq}200$ (97.3%), ${\geq}100$ (99.4%)로 조사되었으며 양성예측도는 ${\geq}300$ (93.3%), ${\geq}200$ (93.4%), ${\geq}100$ (99.2%), 음성예측도는 ${\geq}300$ (96.7%), ${\geq}200$ (97.7%), ${\geq}100$ (98.1%)로 조사되었으며, 급성 콩팥 손상의 정도를 평가하는 검사로써 조기 진단 및 예후를 예측함에 있어서 환자의 치료의 결정에 유용하게 이용 될 수 있다. 향후 응급의료센터에서 콩팥 질환 환자의 중증도를 평가하고 치료 방향을 결정하며, 예후를 예측하는데 있어서 NGAL kit 검사가 도움이 될 수 있다고 생각한다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.306-306
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• 2017

Screening for drought and salinity tolerance was undertaken for selected Philippine upland rice landraces during germinative and seedling stages to identify varieties which can potentially be grown in marginally dry and saline soils. While increasing PEG and NaCl concentrations caused obvious signs of injury to all rice genotypes, considerable varietal differences were noted in the nature of responses providing evidence that these genotypes possess broad intraspecific genetic variations for drought and salt tolerance. Inconsistent responses of these varieties during both growth stages highlight complexities involved in stress responses and underscore the futility of utilizing a single stage in the rice plant's life cycle for physiological screening. Notwithstanding these perplexing responses, G_Katiil and Ml-Pilit Tapul were observed to thrive relatively well despite increased salt and drought stress during early growth stages and may therefore possess genes needed in crop improvement efforts for drought and salinity tolerance. While these results do not reflect the entire spectrum of adaptive expression to drought and salinity stress during the life cycle of the upland rice plant, they nonetheless provide an easy, reliable and reproducible method for preliminary identification of drought and salt tolerant rice varieties.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.1223-1235
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• 2008

This experiment was performed to investigate the effects of Hyeonsamdansameum(HDE) on hypertension. For the study of HDE, we had divided Sprague-Dawley rats to three groups-normal, control, HDE. The control group was injected subcutaneous with monocrotaline(50 mg/kg). The treatment group was injected subcutaneous with monocrotaline(50 mg/kg) and orally administered with HDE extract for 4 weeks(once a day, 208 mg/kg). Then we measured blood pressure, heart rate, on the plasma aldosterone, catecholamine, electrolyte, uric acid, BUN, creatinine, and observed the lung, cardiac muscle. liver. etc. The results of these were as follows: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase(SOD) - like activity were increased. reactive oxygen species (ROS) was decreased. Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitory activity was increased in a concentration-dependent by HDE. HDE significantly increased body weight in monocrotaline hypertensive rat, so supported nearly normal group. HDE significantly decreased blood pressure and heart rate in monocrotaline hypertensive rat. HOE significantly decreased aldosterone in adrenocortical hormones. HDE significantly decreased dopamine. norepinephrine, epinephrine. Na+. Cl- were intended to decrease. K+ was decreased significantly by HDE. Uric acid. BUN were significantly decreased and creatinine was intended to decrease by HDE. HDE inhibited lung, liver and heart injury connected with hypertension. These results suggest that HDE is usefully applied in treatment and prevention of hypertension.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.264-273
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• 2007

In order to examine the cross-tolerance of two chilling-tolerant cultivars (Donganbyeo and Heukhyangbyeo) and two chilling-susceptible cultivars (Hyangmibyeo and Taekbaekbyeo) to salt, paraquat, and drought, changes of physiological response and antioxidant enzymes were investigated. The seedlings were grown in a growth chamber until the 4-leaf stage. The seedlings were exposed to chilling at $5^{\circ}C$ for 3 days. For drought treatment, the seedlings were subjected to drought by withholding water from plants for 5 days. For paraquat study, plants were sprayed with $300{\mu}M$ paraquat. For the salt stress, the seedlings were transferred to the Hoagland's nutrient solution containing 0.6% (w/v) NaCl for 4 days. Chilling-tolerant cultivars showed cross-tolerant to other stresses, salt, paraquat, and drought in physiological parameters, such as leaf injury, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and lipid peroxidation. The baseline levels of antioxidative enzyme activities, catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activities in chilling-tolerant cultivars were higher than in the chilling-susceptible cultivars. However, there were no differences in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities between chilling-tolerant and -susceptible cultivars in untreated control. CAT activity in chilling-tolerant cultivars was higher than that in chilling-susceptible cultivars during chilling, salt, and drought treatments, but not during paraquat treatment. However, other antioxidative enzymes, APX, POX, and GR activities showed no significant differences between chilling-tolerant and -susceptible cultivars during chilling, salt, paraquat, and drought treatments. Thus, it was assumed that CAT contribute to cross-tolerance mechanism of chilling, salt, and drought in rice plants.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.130-136
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• 2003

The protective effects of onion extract (OE), onion powder extracted in ethanol for 2 days. on carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced hepatotoxicities and the possible mechanisms involved in this protection were investigated in mice. Pretreatment with OE prior to the administration of $CCl_4$ significantly reduced the increase in serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities and hepatic lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, pretreatment with OE significantly prevented the depletion of reduced glutathione content in the liver of $CCl_4$-intoxicated mice. $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity was also prevented, as indicated by a liver histopathologic findings. The effects of OE on the cytochrome P450 (P450) 2E1, the major isozyme involved in $CCl_4$ biotransformation were investigated. Treatment of mice with OE resulted in a significant decrease in P450 2E1-dependent p-nitrophenol and aniline hydroxylation in a dose-dependent manner. Consistent with these observations, the P450 2E1 expressions were also decreased, as determined by immunoblot analysis. OE also exhibited antioxidant effects in FeCl$_2$-ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenates and in superoxide radical scavenging activity. These results show that the protective effects of OE against the $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity may be due to its ability to block bioactivation of $CCl_4$, mainly tty inhibiting the expression and activities of P450 2E1 and by scavenging free radicals.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1994

자연상태(自然狀態)의 강우조건(降雨條件)에서 작물의 잠재적(潛在的)인 피해여부(被害與否)를 파악하기 위하여 1992년 5월부터 9월까지 수원지역(水原地域)에 내린 강우의 화학적조성과 강우(降雨) 차단구(遮斷區)와 강우(降雨) 무차단구간(無遮斷區間) 작물의 엽록소 및 양이온함량 차이와 전자현미경(SEM)을 이용한 작물의 잎표면 조직 변화를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수원지역의 강우(降雨)는 $SO_4$ 함량에 비해 pH가 높으며, 월별 pH 변화는 5월에 4.65를 나타낸 이후 6, 7, 8월에는 각각 5.47, 5.32, 5.44로 일정한 경향을 보이다 9월에 4.80으로 다시 낮아졌다. 2. 강우중(降雨中) 이온의 함량은 양이온의 경우 $NH_4^+$ > $Ca^{2+}$ > $Na^+$ > $K^+$ > $Mg^{2+}$ > $H^+$ 순(順)이었으며, 음이온의 경우는 $SO_4^{2-}$ > $NO_3^-$ > $Cl^-$ 순(順)이었다. 3. 강우량별 pH의 차이는 초기강우(初期降雨)(5mm 이하)가 그 이후의 강우(降雨)에 비(比)해 pH가 높았다. 4. 참깨잎의 엽록소함량은 초기(初期)에는 강우차단구(降雨遮斷區)에 비해 강우무차단구(降雨無遮斷區)와 석회유처리구(石灰乳處理區)에서 약간 높게 나타났으나 후기(後期)에는 반대의 경향을 보였으며, 강우(降雨)를 맞은 두 처리구간에는 석회유처리구(石灰乳處理區)에서 약간 회복되는 경향이었다. 5. 수확기(收穫期)의 참깨 식물체중의 처리별 양이온함량은 강우(降雨) 무차단구(無遮斷區)가 다른 처리구에 비해 $K_2O$를 제외한 CaO 및 MgO의 함량이 낮았다. 6. 가시적인 피해는 발견할 수 없었으나 SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope)를 이용한 참깨잎의 조직(組織)을 관찰한 결과 강우(降雨) 무차단구(無遮斷區)와 석회유(石灰乳) 처리구(處理區)에서 trichome의 변형(變形)을 발견하였다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.375-395
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• 2006

Purpose: Lingual nerve (LN) damage may be caused by either tumor resection or injury such as wisdom tooth extraction, Although autologous nerve graft is sometimes used to repair the damaged nerve, it has the disadvantage of necessity of another operation for nerve harvesting. Moreover, the results of nerve grafting is not satisfactory. The nerve growth factor (NGF) is well-known to play a critical role in peripheral nerve regeneration and its local delivery to the injured nerve has been continuously tried to enhance nerve regeneration. However, its application has limitations like repeated administration due to short half life of 30 minutes and an in vivo delivery model must allow for direct and local delivery. The aim of this study was to construct a well-functioning $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus for the ultimate development of improved method to promote peripheral nerve regeneration with enhanced and extended secretion of hNGF from the injured nerve by injecting $rhNGF-{\beta}$ gene directly into crush-injured LN in rat model. Materials and Methods: $hNGF-{\beta}$ gene was prepared from fetal brain cDNA library and cloned into E1/E3 deleted adenoviral vector which contains green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene as a reporter. After large scale production and purification of $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus, transfection efficiency and its expression at various cells (primary cultured Schwann cells, HEK293 cells, Schwann cell lines, NIH3T3 and CRH cells) were evaluated by fluorescent microscopy, RT-PCR, ELISA, immunocytochemistry. Furthermore, the function of rhNGF-beta, which was secreted from various cells infected with $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus, was evaluated using neuritogenesis of PC-12 cells. For in vivo evaluation of efficacy of $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus, the LNs of 8-week old rats were exposed and crush-injured with a small hemostat for 10 seconds. After the injury, $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus($2{\mu}l,\;1.5{\times}10^{11}pfu$) or saline was administered into the crushed site in the experimental (n=24) and the control group (n=24), respectively. Sham operation of another group of rats (n=9) was performed without administration of either saline or adenovirus. The taste recovery and the change of fungiform papilla were studied at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. Each of the 6 animals was tested with different solutions (0.1M NaCl, 0.1M sucrose, 0.01M QHCl, or 0.01M HCl) by two-bottle test paradigm and the number of papilla was counted using SEM picture of tongue dorsum. LN was explored at the same interval as taste study and evaluated electro-physiologically (peak voltage and nerve conduction velocity) and histomorphometrically (axon count, myelin thickness). Results: The recombinant adenovirus vector carrying $rhNGF-{\beta}$ was constructed and confirmed by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequence analysis. GFP expression was observed in 90% of $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus infected cells compared with uninfected cells. Total mRNA isolated from $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus infected cells showed strong RT-PCR band, however uninfected or LacZ recombinant adenovirus infected cells did not. NGF quantification by ELISA showed a maximal release of $18865.4{\pm}310.9pg/ml$ NGF at the 4th day and stably continued till 14 days by $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus infected Schwann cells. PC-12 cells exposed to media with $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus infected Schwann cell revealed at the same level of neurite-extension as the commercial NGF did. $rhNGF-{\beta}$ adenovirus injected experimental groups in comparison to the control group exhibited different taste preference ratio. Salty, sweet and sour taste preference ratio were significantly different after 2 weeks from the beginning of the experiment, which were similar to the sham group, but not to the control group.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2007

치과치료와 관련한 의원성 손상이나 국소마취의 후유증은 미각장애를 유발하기도 한다. 본 연구는 편측 하치조신경 전달마취를 시행하여 마취 전후의 미각기능의 변화를 정량 및 정성적으로 비교하여, 치과치료와 관련하여 발생할 수 있는 하치조신경의 무감각증이나 감각저하로 인한 미각기능의 변화 가능성을 평가하고자 하였다. 20대의 건강한 지원자 30명(남:녀=1:1, 평균연령 $24.0{\pm}1.8$세)을 대상으로 하여 피검자의 우측에 2% 염산리도카인을 사용하여 통법에 따라 하치조신경 전달마취를 시행하였다. 마취 전후 미각기능의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 전기미각측정기를 이용하여 전기미각역치를 측정하였으며 국소적용법을 이용한 화학용액법으로 미각강도를 평가하였다. 검사를 위해 1M/l의 NaCl 및 sucrose 용액, 0.032 M/l의 구연산용액, 0.001 M/l의 염산키니네용액을 사용하였으며 미각강도는 9점 척도를 이용하여 평가하도록 하였다. 검사는 구강내 8 부위, 즉 좌우측 혀 전방과 외측방, 유곽유두, 연구개에 대해 시행되었다. 편측 하치조신경 전달마취를 시행한 결과, 마취된 측의 혀 전방과 외측, 유곽유두에서 전기미각역치가 상승하고 짠맛, 단맛, 신맛, 쓴맛에 대한 미각강도 감소가 감소하였다.(p<0.05) 마취되지 않은 반대측의 혀 전방과 외측방에서도 짠맛과 단맛의 경우에 대한 미각강도가 감소되었으나(p<0.05), 전기미각역치의 변화는 없었다. 본 연구의 결과는 편측의 하치조신경 전달마취는 마취가 된 혀의 1/2 부위에서 고삭신경과 설인신경에 영향을 주어 미각장애를 유발할 수 있음을 보여주며, 반대측에서도 미각강도의 변화를 일부 초래할 수 있는 것으로 추측해 볼 수 있다.