• Title/Summary/Keyword: NUMBER OF PLOTS

Search Result 568, Processing Time 0.022 seconds

Environmental Mechanism on Seeding Stage and Ripening Period in Labour Saving-Direct Sowing Rice Culture (벼 성력재배를 위한 담수직파 파종시기와 등숙환경 분석)

  • 곽태순
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.37 no.6
    • /
    • pp.541-549
    • /
    • 1992
  • Lodging and rainfalls during ripening periods and ripening patterns were studied by the different maturing varieties and different seeding dates in labour saving-direct seeding cultivation of rice. Period of emergency in earlier seeding plot was longer than later seeding plot and standing seedlings per unit area and rate of standing seedlings were more and high by the later seeding date. Number of panicles per unit area was decreased by the later seeding dates. On the other hand, the rate of effective tillers was lowest at later seeding plot. Days from seeding to flowering were shortened by the later seeding dates due to the increase of daily growth temperature and reduce of day length. There was much rainfalls during ripening period of early maturing varietal group, however not much rainfalls during ripening period of medium and late maturing varietal groups. The degree of lodging at field was severer by the amount of rainfalls during ripening period. Earlier seeding plots and earlier maturing varietal groups. of used varieties were revealed heavier lodging compared to later seeding plots and later maturing varietal groups. Yield and yield related characteristics were high and good by the earlier seeding dates, especially ripening rate was clear.

  • PDF

Vegetation Characteristics of Four Major Islands in the Taeanhaean National Park (태안해안국립공원 주요 4개 섬의 식생특성)

  • Cho, Hyun-Seo;Choi, Song-Hyun;Cho, Woo
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
    • /
    • v.24 no.2
    • /
    • pp.93-100
    • /
    • 2010
  • The Taeanhaean National Park is the only seashore national park in Korea. To investigate the vegetation structure and characteristics of representative four islands such as Oedo, Janggodo, Godaedo and Gauido in Taeanhaean National Park, sixteen plots(size is $100mm^2$) were set up, and four plots were set up in each island. In the result of vegetation structure analysis of each island, Oedo and Janggodo was dominated by Pinus thunbergii community, and Godaedo was dominated by P. thunbergii-P. densiflora community and Gauido was dominated by Carpinus turczaninovii-P. densiflora community. But according to the physical environment of each island, there was a subtle difference in species composition even though the same P. thunbergii or P. densiflora community. The analysis of ordination and similarity turned out that the degree of similarity was lowest(6.58%) between Oedo and Gauido. The analysis result of species diversity and number of individuals shows that Gauido had high species diversity (2.7183) than the other islands.

Beauty-Fashion Program of CATV Audiences' Consumption Stories by a Narrative Analysis (내러티브분석을 통해 본 케이블TV 여성전문채널 뷰티.패션 프로그램 시청자의 소비경험이야기)

  • Yoo, Hyun-Jung;Song, Eu-Gene
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
    • /
    • v.17 no.1
    • /
    • pp.57-80
    • /
    • 2008
  • The contemporary consumers have insatiable desires for material and outward appearance. In terms of the desire for outward appearance, people recognize that a beautiful outward appearance can be made by an artificial effort. Subsequently, the interest in a beauty and fashion has been increased. In addition, a cable TV shows a beauty and fashion program targeted for women in 20s to 30s. This study tried to examine the stories on experience of consumption by consumers watching a beauty and fashion program in a women specialized channel of a cable TV. The total number of narrators who participated in this study was 11. Among them, we formed 26 narrative plots on the basis of interviews for 7 persons who could use Labov's structural analysis. The result of analyzing narrators' narrative plots was as follows: First, although narrators received the information on beauty and fashion through a channel which became the target of this study, they applied such information into an ordinary life by transforming such information. Second, narrators thought that their confidence and superiority could be expressed through a beauty and fashion. Third, narrators' consuming life showed a showing off-type consumption and an objective consumption. Fourth, narrators have a gap between the behavior orientation and real actions. And they experiences various trobles on consumption life. Fifth, through the interview for narrators, a trend of reconsidering their consuming life was found out.

The Method of Feature Selection for Anomaly Detection in Bitcoin Network Transaction (비트코인 네트워크 트랜잭션 이상 탐지를 위한 특징 선택 방법)

  • Baek, Ui-Jun;Shin, Mu-Gon;Jee, Se-Hyun;Park, Jee-Tae;Kim, Myung-Sup
    • KNOM Review
    • /
    • v.21 no.2
    • /
    • pp.18-25
    • /
    • 2018
  • Since the development of block-chain technology by Satoshi Nakamoto and Bitcoin pioneered a new cryptocurrency market, a number of scale of cryptocurrency have emerged. There are crimes taking place using the anonymity and vulnerabilities of block-chain technology, and many studies are underway to improve vulnerability and prevent crime. However, they are not enough to detect users who commit crimes. Therefore, it is very important to detect abnormal behavior such as money laundering and stealing cryptocurrency from the network. In this paper, the characteristics of the transactions and user graphs in the Bitcoin network are collected and statistical information is extracted from them and presented as plots on the log scale. Finally, we analyze visualized plots according to the Densification Power Law and Power Law Degree, as a result, present features appropriate for detection of anomalies involving abnormal transactions and abnormal users in the Bitcoin network.

Effect of Weed Managements after False Seedbed on Weed Occurrence and Growth of Organic Chinese Cabbage Growth (가묘상을 이용한 잡초관리가 잡초발생과 유기농 배추의 생장에 미치는 영향)

  • Cho, Jung-Lai;Lee, Byung-Mo;An, Nan-Hee;Ok, Jung-Hun;Shin, Jae-Hun;Choi, Hyun-Sug
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
    • /
    • v.22 no.4
    • /
    • pp.761-771
    • /
    • 2014
  • The study was conducted to evaluate effects of weed managements after false seedbed on the weed control and growth of spring and fall cabbages (Brassica oleracea L.) in an organic upland in 2013. Weed managements included rake, flame, PE mulch, and none treatment. The weed occurrence was not effectively controlled by rake treatment but controlled by flame treatment in spring and fall cultivation. PE mulch plots had 30% of tip-burn in spring cultivation. Weed managements after false seedbed were similar fresh weight, leaf number, and cabbage yield to the conventional PE mulch. Head of cabbage was the lowest on the none treatment. Fall cultivation reduced the weed density and increased yield of cabbage compared to those of spring in all treatment plots. In conclusion, rake or flame treatment after false seedbed markedly decreased weed occurrence, which was expected to use for management of environmentally-friendly vegetation as a substitute of PE mulch.

Insights into factors affecting synonymous codon usage in apple mosaic virus and its host adaptability

  • Pourrahim, R.;Farzadfar, Sh.
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.49 no.1
    • /
    • pp.46-60
    • /
    • 2022
  • The genetic variability and population structure of apple mosaic virus (ApMV) have been studied; however, synonymous codon usage patterns influencing the survival rates and fitness of ApMV have not been reported. Based on phylogenetic analyses of 52 ApMV coat protein (CP) sequences obtained from apple, pear, and hazelnut, ApMV isolates were clustered into two groups. High molecular diversity in GII may indicate their recent expansion. A constant and conserved genomic composition of the CP sequences was inferred from the low codon usage bias. Nucleotide composition and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis indicated that the ApMV CP gene is AU-rich, but G- and U-ending codons are favored while coding amino acids. This unequal use of nucleotides together with parity rule 2 and the effective number of codon (ENC) plots indicate that mutation pressure together with natural selection drives codon usage patterns in the CP gene. However, in this combination, selection pressure plays a more crucial role. Based on principal component analysis plots, ApMV seems to have originated from apple trees in Europe. However, according to the relative codon deoptimization index and codon adaptation index (CAI) analyses, ApMV exhibited the greatest fitness to hazelnut. As inferred from the results of the similarity index analysis, hazelnut has a major role in shaping ApMV RSCU patterns, which is consistent with the CAI analysis results. This study contributes to the understanding of plant virus evolution, reveals novel information about ApMV evolutionary fitness, and helps find better ApMV management strategies.

Effect of Sex Pheromone Trap and Bio-insecticides against Large Black Chafer (Holotrichia parallela) in Organic Pear Orchards (배 유기재배 과원에서 성페르몬 트랩과 살충효과 유기농자재가 큰검정풍뎅이 방제에 미치는 영향)

  • Song, Jang-Hoon;Md, Abdul Alim;Choi, Eu-Ddeum;Seo, Ho-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
    • /
    • v.26 no.2
    • /
    • pp.245-257
    • /
    • 2018
  • The efficacy of different control techniques against the large black chafer, Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in organic pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) orchards was evaluated. In this study, field trials were conducted in three locations in Korea-Naju, Hampyeong, and Boseong-to evaluate different techniques to suppress these beetles. Pheromone traps, bio-insecticides (Hongmengye and Melchungdaejang), and a combination of the two were applied as treatments. In Naju, Hampyeong, and Boseong, the highest number of adult H. parallela were caught in the control plots (n=45, n=39, and n=20, respectively), while the fewest were caught in the pheromone plus bio-insecticide plot (n=19) in Naju and in the combined treatment plot in Hampyeong (n=10). In Naju, the greatest leaf damage was observed in the control (66%), and in all locations (Naju, Boseong, and Hampyeong), the least damage occurred in the combined treatment plots (42%, 36%, and 24%, respectively). Regarding the tree canopy, the greatest leaf damage was observed in the upper canopy, and less damage was observed in the lower canopy. These results demonstrate that the combination of sex pheromone traps and bio-insecticides can be used to manage H. parallela in organic pear orchards.

Comparative Study on Working Time under Various Plot Sizes and Plot Shapes (표본점(標本點)의 크기와 형태에 따른 작업시간(作業時間)의 비교연구(比較硏究))

  • Byun, Woo Hyuk;Yoo, Jae Woong
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.77 no.4
    • /
    • pp.421-428
    • /
    • 1988
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the working time and the efficiency according to plot shape and plot size under the same conditions. We chose two stands which were relatively gently sloped end evenly distributed in number of trees and surveyed 198 plots, and 306 plots in each stand. 1. As to the time advantage of plot establishment method, the direct-four line establishment method was more favorable than the diagonal-line establishment method in a rectangular plot. 2. The method by Blumeleiss-$Me{\beta}$ trommel was more favorable than the method using a tape in a circular plot. 3. As to the time advantage, the circular plot was more favorable than the rectangular plot. Especially, the circular plot was twice more available than rectangular plot in small plot size, but enlargement of plot size gradually decreased time advantage of circular plot.

  • PDF

The Vegetation Structure of Fraxinus mandshurica Community in Mt. Minjuji, Youngdong-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do (충청북도 영동군 민주지산지역 들메나무군집 식생구조)

  • 최송현;송근준;이경재
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
    • /
    • v.11 no.2
    • /
    • pp.166-176
    • /
    • 1997
  • To investigate the vegetation structure of Fraxinus mandshurica communith, twenty plots were set up and surveyed in the valley of Mt. Minjuji area that rises 700~1,100m above the sea level. Each plot has 100m$^{2}$ in size. By using the TWINSPAN of classification technique, total plots was divided into six communities. In the species composition analysis, it was expected that F. mandshurica community would derive from Quercus mongolica community. The F. mondshurica community was composed together of Carpinus laxiflora, Acer mono and Cornus controversa. It was turned out that F. mandshurica community was edaphic climax because the competition species not appeared. In the DBH distribution analysis, F. mandshurica appeared through all layers, and species diversity showed lower index(Shannon's index 0.72~0.82) because the community was stable. The number of mean individuals and species was about 111.5 and 11.0 per 100m$^{2}$ respectively.

  • PDF

Vegetation Structure and Ecological Succession of Kojedo District, Hallyo-Haesang National Park (한려해상국립공원 거제도지구 산림군집구조 및 천이계열)

  • 이경재;김보현;김동완
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
    • /
    • v.12 no.4
    • /
    • pp.331-344
    • /
    • 1999
  • To study plant community structure and successional sere of the Kojedo District, Hallyo-Haesang National Park, fifty six plots were set up and surveyed(each plot $l00\m^2$). Fifty-six plots were classified into four community, Quercus variabilis-Zelkova serrata community(I), Q. variabilis-Cinnamomum japonicum-Neolitsea sericea community(II), Pinus thunbergii-C. japonicum-N. sericea community(III), P. thunbergii-P. densiflora community(IV) by TWINSPAN technique. Most area of forests in Kojedo district are artificial or coppice forest after artificial disturbance. The age of four community were about 35~40 years and the number of species 32~44 species per $600\m^2$. Ecological succession had been proceeded from deciduous broad-leaved species(Q. variabilis-Z. serrata etc.), P. thunbergii, P. densiflora to evergreen broad leaved forest(C. japonicum, N. sericea etc.).

  • PDF