• 월간낙농육우
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.142-142
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• 2011

농식품부가 구제역 부분매몰 이동제한 해제절차를 포함한 NSP항체 양성 농장 방역조치사항을 알려온 바, 전국 회원농가들께서는 다음 사항을 참조하시어 목장운영에 차질이 없도록 하여 주시기 바랍니다.

• Photonics industry news
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• s.10
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• pp.36-41
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• 2002

인터넷 트래픽의 폭증, 네트워크서비스사업자(NSP)간 경쟁심화, 광기술의 발전 등에 따른 광네트워크화의 급속한 진전은 관련 기업들의 체계적인 준비와 대응을 요구하고 있다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.288-295
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• 2004

Detection and localization of a slow and quiet target in shallow water environments is a challenging problem for which it is well known that snapshot is deficient because of a fast and strong interferer. This paper presents waveguide interference filtering technique that mitigate strong interferer problems in adaptive matched field processing. MCM (multiple constraint method) based on NDC (null direction constraint) has been proposed for new spatial interferer filter. MCM-NDC using replica force a interferer component to be filtered through CSDM (cross-spectral density matrix). This filtering have an effect on sidelobe reduction and restoring of signal gain of a quiet target. This technique was applied to a simulation on Pekeris waveguide and vertical array data from MAPLE03 (matched acoustic properties and localization experiment) in the East Sea and was shown to improve SBNR (signal-to-background-and-noise ratio) over the standard MVDR (minimum-variance distortionless response) and NSP (null space projection) technique.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.861-882
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• 2000

The seed, or grain, of modern cultivars of Lupinus angustifolius, commonly known as Australian sweet lupins (ASL), is an established feed resource for the intensive animal industries of Australia, Japan, Korea and several other countries in Asia and Europe. Since the introduction of ASL to the world marketplace about 25 years ago, researchers in many countries have found them to be a valuable component of the diet of beef and dairy cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, finfish and crustaceans. The seed of ASL contains ~32% crude protein (CP) (~35% DM basis) and 5% oil. The main storage carbohydrates in the seed are the ${\beta}$-galactans that comprise most of the cell-wall material of the kernel and the cellulose and hemicellulose of the thick seed coats. ASL seeds contain about 40% non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and a negligible amount of starch. This makes them an excellent ingredient for ruminant diets, as the risk of acidosis is very low. The seed of modern cultivars of domesticated Lupinus species contain negligible amounts of lectins and trypsin inhibitors so they do not require preheating before being used as an ingredient in feeds for monogastric species. They have a high digestibility coefficient for protein, >90% for most species, but a low energy digestibility, ~60%, which is mostly due to the high content of NSP. The low content of methionine (0.22%) and of lysine (1.46%) is typical of the legumes. The lysine availability for pigs is >70%. Lupin kernels contain ~39% CP (~42% DM basis), 6% oil and 30% NSP. They have a higher digestible energy for pigs and finfish and a higher metabolisable energy for poultry than whole seed. Commercial operations rarely achieve complete separation of kernel from hull and it is more likely that the kernel fraction, called splits or meats, will contain ~36% CP. The replacement of soybean meal or peas with ASL in cereal-based diets for most intensively reared animals, birds and fish is possible provided lysine, methionine and digestible energy levels are kept constant. This makes ASL economically competitive in many, but not all, circumstances.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1524-1528
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• 2003

The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary fiber on the activities of malic enzyme and citrate lyase involved in fatty acid metabolism in the colon epithelium of pigs. Thirty-six weaned 5 weeks old crossbred (Yorkshire${\times}$Swedish Landrace) piglets originating from twelve litters were randomly assigned to either a low fiber diet containing 10% non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), a control diet containing 14.7% NSP or a high fiber diet containing 20% NSP. The activity of malic enzyme in the colonic epithelium of pigs significantly (p<0.05) increased with age during the suckling-weaning transition. There was a tendency (p<0.10) of decreased malic enzyme activity in the colonic epithelium of pigs fed on the high fiber diet. At week 6, a lowered (p<0.01) activity of malic enzyme in pigs fed on the low fiber diet compared with that in pigs fed on the high fiber and the control diets. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in the activity of citrate lyase observed either between pigs with different ages or between pigs fed with various diets. The current data suggest that piglets during the suckling-weaning transition have a limited capacity to synthesize fatty acids from carbohydrate derivatives in the coloncytes. In addition, lipogenesis in coloncytes was enhanced with age during the suckling-weaning transition. A tendency (p<0.10) to an increased capacity to utilize acetyl-CoA in coloncytes of pigs has been observed for the high fiber diet. Moreover, the present work indicated that dietary fiber resulted in a lowered rate of lipogenesis and a reduced activity of malic enzyme.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2008

Automatic landing performance of UAV can be enhanced by adding Pseudolite(PL) to GPS. However, it is very hard to install and operate PL with confidence because GPS satellites are moving and the landing zone are usually changeable. The coverage and accuracy of combined GPS and PL can be estimated by using simulator and the correct information is very crucial to UAV operation. In this paper, design, implementation and evaluation of GPS/PL simulator for UAV landing are given. A very realistic coverage estimation is obtained using GIS data and ray launching method with considerations of the transmitter power level, altitude of UAV, number and location of PL. The expected accuracy is estimated using DOP and NSP computed using both GPS and PL. The performance of simulator is evaluated by comparing with the results of a real GPS receiver, and the certified simulator shows the required accuracy for UAV landing can be easily met by proper installation of at least 2 PLs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.1076-1083
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• 2007

The effects of barley and oat feeding in table duck were investigated. During a 49-day growing period a corn-based diet was supplemented by 45% barley and 45% oats (isonitrogenously and iso-energetically), respectively. Daily feed intake, FCR-, and weight gain were measured. Abdominal fat, liver, and gizzard weights were determined and dry matter, protein, fat content and fatty acid composition of femoro-tibial muscles and liver fat were measured on the $35^{th}$, $42^{nd}$ and $49^{th}$ days of age. Feeding 45% barley caused a decrease of growth rate ($p{\leq}0.05$) during the first 4 weeks, which was followed by a rapid, compensatory growth from the $6^{th}$ week of age ($p{\leq}0.05$). Both barley and oat supplementation increased protein ($p{\leq}0.05$), while decreasing fat ($p{\leq}0.05$) and dry matter ($p{\leq}0.05$) content of the liver. Feeding of 45% oats in the diet decreased the monounsaturated fatty acid ($p{\leq}0,05$) and increased the n-6 ($p{\leq}0,05$), n-3 ($p{\leq}0,05$) and total polyunsaturated ($p{\leq}0,05$) fatty acid content of the intramuscular fat owing to the high proportion of soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) in the diet. This might be explained by the more pronounced decrease in digestibility of saturated than unsaturated fatty acids in birds fed a soluble NSP-enriched diet. This result might be caused by the "cage effect" of soluble NSP trapping the bile salts which are more important for the absorption of saturated than polyunsaturated fatty acids.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.122-126
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• 2004

A digestion trial in vitro was conducted to study effects of supplementation of NSP (non-starch polysaccharides) degrading enzyme (feed grade) on cell wall degradation and digestibility of nutrients in barley. The slices of barley were soaked in distilled water with or without 0.15% non-starch polysaccharides degrading enzyme. Microscopic examination of the slices showed that the endosperm cell wall of barley was completely degraded by the non-starch polysaccharides degrading enzyme. The residues and supernatant of digesta in vitro were separated by filtration with 0.1 mm nylon fabric. The residues were used for measurement of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and moisture. The supernatant was used for determination of viscosity, as well as amino-nitrogen and glucose content. The results showed that compared with the control, the amino-nitrogen and glucose content of the supernatant increased by 17.58% (p<0.05) and 10.26% (p<0.05), respectively, while viscosity did not change. Enzyme supplementation increased the digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein, nitrogen-free extract, crude fat and crude fiber of barley by 18.1% (p<0.05), 20.3% (p<0.05), 16.4% (p<0.05), 26.9% (p<0.05) and 30.0% (p<0.05), respectively. The present study suggests that cell wall hydrolysis may contribute to improved nutrient digestion in vivo when non-starch polysaccharides degrading enzymes are fed to swine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.861-868
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• 2012

During two years, four samples per year were collected in Vietnam from rice bran, cassava residue, brewer's grain, tofu residue, soybean meal, coconut cake, sweet potato vines and water spinach for chemical analysis and assessment of water holding capacity (WHC). The selected feedstuffs represent fibre-rich plant sources and agro-industry co-products commonly used in pig feeding in Vietnam. The content (g/kg DM) of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) varied between feedstuffs and ranged from 21 to 506 for CP, from 14 to 118 for EE and from 197 to 572 for NSP. Cassava residue had a high starch content of 563 g/kg DM, while sweet potato vines, water spinach, coconut cake and soybean meal had a high content of sugars (63-71 g/kg DM). The content of individual neutral sugars varied between feed ingredients, with the highest content of arabinose, galactose and glucose in tofu residue, the highest content of xylose in brewer's grain and the highest content of mannose in coconut cake. The content of uronic acid was high for cassava residue, tofu residue, sweet potato vines and water spinach (57-88 g/kg DM). The content of soluble non-cellulosic polysaccharides (S-NCP) was positively correlated ($r^2$ = 0.82) to the WHC. The content (g/kg DM) of CP, NDF, neutral sugars, total NSP, total NCP, S-NCP and total dietary fibre in tofu residue, water spinach and coconut cake varied (p<0.05) between years. In conclusion, diet formulation to pigs can be improved if the variation in chemical composition of the fibre fraction and in WHC between potential feed ingredients is taken into account.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.143-148
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• 2009

Objectives : Anxiety and depression are stress-related disorders. Their prevalence are increasing rapidly. Ginseng is the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae) which has been used for many centuries in asian region. Anxiolytic effect is one of the popular effects of ginseng. Several studies reported saponin fraction of ginseng, including ginsenoside, is a major ingredient of anxiolytic effect. In present study, we investigated anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effect of non-saponin fraction in mice. Material and Method : Mice were divided into five groups. Experimental groups were administered non-saponin fractions (25 mg/kg; nsp25, 50 mg/kg; nsp50, 100 mg/kg; nsp100) respectively once a day in the morning at 9am for 1 week. Then, we performed elevated plus-maze (EPM) test for investigating the anxiolytic-like effect and forced swimming test (FST) for investigating the antidepressant-like action. Results : Non-saponin fraction 50 mg/kg group increased frequency and time spent (p<0.05) in open arm on EPM test and decreased immobility time (p<0.05) on FST compared with control group. Conclusions : We suggest that non-saponin fraction has anxiolytic-like effect and antidepressant like effect in mice.