• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제25권12호
• /
• pp.1689-1699
• /
• 2016

The growth conditions of planted trees, invasion of nuisance herbaceous species, competition between species, and effects of erosion control were monitored over five years in a riparian greenspace in Gapyeong County that was established through multilayered and grouped ecological planting. Of 156 trees planted in the upper and middle layers, 5.8% died. This tree death was attributed to poor drainage or aeration in the rooting zone from the clay-added root ball and too deep planting as well as a small-sized root ball and scanty fine roots. Of all the trees, 21.6% grew poorly due to transplant stress in the first year after planting, but they started to grow vigorously in the third year. This good growth was largely associated with soil improvement before planting, selection of appropriate tree species based on growth ground, and control of dryness and invasive climbing plants through surface mulching and multilayered/grouped planting. Mixed planting of fast-growing species as temporary trees was desirable for accelerating planting effect and increasing planting density. Thinning of fast-growing trees was required in the fifth year after planting to avoid considerable competition with target species. To reduce the invasion of herbaceous and climbing plants that oppress normal growth of planted trees, higher density planting of trees (crown opening of about 15%), woodchip mulching to a 10-cm depth, and edge planting 2 m wide were more effective than lower density planting (crown opening of 70%), no surface mulching, and no edge planting, respectively. This reduction effect was especially great during the first three years after planting. Nuisance herbaceous plants rarely invaded higher density planting with woodchip mulching over the five years. Higher density planting or woodchip mulching also showed much greater erosion control through rainfall interception and buffering than lower density planting with no mulching did. Based on these results, desirable planting and management strategies are suggested to improve the functions of riparian greenspaces.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제42권5호
• /
• pp.323-329
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to analyze growth responses of fast growing tree species(8 clones of hybrid poplars, Salix alba, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Liriodendron tulipifera, Acer okamotoanum, and Quercus palustris), the chemical characteristics of soil and $NO_3-N$ concentration of groundwater in a plantation applied with liquid pig manure. Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorous in the soil treated with liquid pig manure were higher than that of the soil treated without liquid pig manure. With the exception of S. alba, DBH(Diameter at Breast Height) growth of all the fast growing tree species treated with liquid pig manure was higher than that of the species treated without liquid pig manure. In liquid pig manure treatment group, P. euramericana 'Eco28' clone showed the best performance in height and DBH growth. Concentration of nitrogen in the leaf with liquid pig manure was higher than that of the leaf treated without liquid pig manure. Based on the $NO_3-N$ concentration of groundwater analyzed during the experimental period, there was no evidence that groundwater was polluted by the liquid pig manure applied at the plantation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.12-21
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The goal of this study was to develop and validate a standardized in vitro pathogenic biofilm attached onto saliva-coated surfaces. Methods: Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) strains were grown under anaerobic conditions as single species and in dual-species cultures. Initially, the bacterial biomass was evaluated at 24 and 48 hours to determine the optimal timing for the adhesion phase onto saliva-coated polystyrene surfaces. Thereafter, biofilm development was assessed over time by crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy. Results: The data showed no significant difference in the overall biomass after 48 hours for P. gingivalis in single- and dual-species conditions. After adhesion, P. gingivalis in single- and dual-species biofilms accumulated a substantially higher biomass after 7 days of incubation than after 3 days, but no significant difference was found between 5 and 7 days. Although the biomass of the F. nucleatum biofilm was higher at 3 days, no difference was found at 3, 5, or 7 days of incubation. Conclusions: Polystyrene substrates from well plates work as a standard surface and provide reproducible results for in vitro biofilm models. Our biofilm model could serve as a reference point for studies investigating biofilms on different surfaces.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.415-429
• /
• 2023

As part of a comprehensive investigation of indigenous prokaryotic species in the Republic of Korea, 37 bacterial strains belonging to 36 species were isolated from diverse environmental habitats. These strains were assigned to five phyla, namely Deinococcota, Actinomycetota, Bacillota, Bacteroidota, and Pseudomonadota. Each strain was identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.7%) and the formation of definite phylogenetic clades with their closest reported species. Among isolates, there is one species belonging to the phylum Deinococcota, five species belonging to the phylum Actinomycetota, four species belonging to the phylum Bacillota, nine species belonging to the phylum Bacteroidota, and 17 species belonging to the phylum Pseudomonadota (comprising eight species of the class Alphaproteobacteria, one species of the class Betaproteobacteria, and eight species of the class Gammaproteobacteria). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, each strain was assigned to independent and predefined bacterial species. Since there were no published or official reports regarding these 36 species in the Republic of Korea, they have been reported as unrecorded species in the Republic of Korea. Their Gram stain, cell morphology, colony, basic biochemical characteristics, strain ID, and isolation source of each species are described in the species descriptions.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.375-382
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 석불산 일대의 관속식물상과 식생을 조사하여 식물종의 분포 양상을 알림으로서 식물자원의 효율적 이용에 일조하고자 수행한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 석불산 일대의 관속식물상은 96과 249속 293종 2아종 43변종 3품종 1재배종으로 총 342종류가 확인되었다. 희귀식물에는 나도개감채(보존우선순위; 169번)와 쥐방울덩굴(151번)이 확인되었으며, 특산식물에는 민땅비싸리, 산철쭉, 개나리(식재종), 병꽃나무, 개비자나무, 지리대사초, 은사시나무(식재종)가 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물종에는 V등급과 II등급에 해당하는 식물은 출현하지 않았으며, IV등급에는 등나무가(식재종), III등급에는 나도개감채, 단풍나무가, I등급에는 개비자나무, 민바랭이새, 굴참나무, 참느릅나무, 송악, 쥐방울덩굴, 산돌배, 예덕나무, 물오리나무, 말오줌때, 동백나무(식재종), 거지덩굴, 장구밥나무, 정금나무, 큰엉겅퀴로 총 18종류가 확인되었다. 귀화식물에는 11과 26속 32종 2변종으로 총 34종류가 확인되었으며, 귀화율은 전체 342종류의 관속식물 중 9.9%로 분석되었다. 석불산 일대의 식물군락에는 조사구내에 출현하는 식물들의 우점도와 군도를 조사한 후 종조성표를 작성하여 군락을 선정한 결과, 3개의 조사구는 소나무군락으로, 1개의 조사구는 곰솔군락으로 분류되었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.24-35
• /
• 2006

The vascular plants of the studied area was listed 384 taxa of 90 families, 234 genera, 331 species, 1 subspecies, 45 varieties and 7 forms. The flora of each reservoir, 285 taxa of 83 families, 190 genera, 247 species, 1 subspecies, 30 varieties, 7 forms in Osongjae, 117 taxa of 39 families, 87 genera, 100 species, 17 varieties in Ogongjae, 83 taxa of 30 families, 67 genera, 73 species, 8 varieties, 2 forms in Shinyongjae and 86 taxa of 33families, 70 genera, 75 species, 1 subspecies, 10 varieties in Eodujae. Based on the list of the rare plants by the Forest Research Institute, 3 taxa were recorded in the studied areas; Magnolia kobus (Preservation priority order : No. 187), Penthorum chinense (No. 144), Prunus yedoensis (No. 110) and based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 4 taxa were recorded; Populus tomentiglandulosa, Clematis trichotoma, Prunus yedoensis, Paulownia coreana. Specific plant species by floral region were total 15 taxa; Prunus yedoensis in class V, 2 taxa (Carex idzuroei, Magnolia kobus) in class IV, 2 taxa (Monochoria korsakowi, Poncirus trifoliata ) in class III, 10 taxa (Sagittaria aginashi, Salix glandulosa, Clematis brachyura, Nymphoides peltata, etc.) in class I. The naturalized plants in this site were 13 families, 29 genera, 43 species, 1 varieties, 44 taxa and naturalization rate was 11.5% and based on the list of an ecosystem disturbance plants, 3 taxa were recorded in the studied areas : Paspalum distichum, Solanum carolinense, Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior. The hydrophytes was listed 31 taxa of 15 families, 20 genera, 29 species, 2 varieties and Eleocharis mamillata var. cyclocarpa, Penthorum chinense, Soirodela polyrhiza were recorded in Osongjae, Sagittaria aginashi, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Scirpus juncoides, Scirpus triqueter, Monochoria korsakowi, Monochoria vaginalis var. plantaginea were recorded in Ogongjae. Besides, Scirpus fluviatilis, Trapa pseudoincisa were recorded in Shinyongjae and Scirpus triangulatus, Nymphoides peltata, Myriophyllum verticillatum were recorded in Eodujae. This site is located in the urban area and ecosystem-disturbing wild animal and plant has been imported here, therefore ecosystem has been disturbed more and more. The wetland here rapidly has changed into upland, so it needs conservation measures through long-term monitoring.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제52권2호
• /
• pp.169-175
• /
• 2007

본 실험은 강원도 영서지역에서 맥류 수확 후 가을채소 파종까지 휴경을 하게 될 경우의 여름 휴경지 관리방안으로 가을채소용 두과녹비작물의 도입에 필요한 기초 자료를 얻기 위하여 수행되었으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 여름철 휴경을 할 경우 주요 잡초는 바랭이, 방동사니, 쇠비름 그리고 털비름 등 비두과 식물로, 자연적인 두과식물의 출현은 없었다. 2. 두과식물을 6월 중순 로타리 경운 후 파종할 경우 동부와 예팥은 출현율이 높았으나, 돌콩과 헤어리벳치는 출현율이 낮았으며, 동계일년생 두과녹비작물인 헤어리벳치는 하계잡초와의 경합에서 도태되는 경향이었다. 3. 만성형식물인 동부는 잡초의 생육을 가장 크게 억제하였으며, 만성 예팥이나 돌콩, 그리고 헤어리벳치보다 생육량이 많았다. 따라서 우리나라 기상조건에서 여름철 휴경을 할 경우 두과식물의 인위적인 파종이 필요하며, 동부는 여름철 휴경지의 녹비작물로서의 이용 가치가 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2016

Objective : For the purpose of developing Korean herbology of the plants to Nymphaeaceae in Korea, the literatures of the successive generations have been thoroughly investigated to prepare this article.Methods : Books and research papers about Herbology which published at home and abroad were examined.Results : A list was made about Nymphaeaceae plant which were cultivated or grew naturally in Korea, after investigated the data on domestic and foreign Nymphaeaceae plants. Out of those lists, serviceable plants were selected and with those available plants, their distributions were analysed and parts which can be used as medicines were divided into 3 categories such as oriental medicine name, scientific name and non-official name. Nymphaeaceae's properties flavor, channels they use, effects, and toxicity were also noted. Nymphaeaceae (grew in Korea) were divided into 6 classes with 10 species. Out of those, 5 classes with 5 species were found serviceable which indicates 50% of all. Out of all 10 species of Nymphaeaceae family, Nuphar genus were found 4 species, which were shown the most. Among 5 genus of Nymphaeceae species, medicinal plants were all one species each. Out of all serviceable parts in Nymphaeaceae, Etc parts took first place as 10 species. There are no toxic, the survey said.Conclusion : There were totaled to 6 genera and 10 species in Dioscoreaceae in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 5 genera, 5 species, some 50% in total.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2018

Objective : For the purpose of developing Magnoliaceae plants recorded in Korean Herbology in Korea, the literatures of the successive generations have been thoroughly investigated to prepare this article. Methods : Books and research papers about Herbology which published at Korea and other countries were examined. Results : A list was made about Magnoliaceae plant which were cultivated or grew naturally in Korea, after investigated the data on domestic and foreign Magnoliaceae plants. Out of those lists, serviceable plants were selected and with those available plants, their distributions were analysed and parts which can be used as medicines were divided into 3 categories such as oriental medicine name, scientific name and non-official name. Magnoliaceae's properties flavor, channels they use, effects, and toxicity were also noted. Magnoliaceae(grew in Korea) were divided into 5 classes with 16 species. Out of those, 3 classes with 5 species were found serviceable which indicates 32% of all. Out of all 16 species of Magnoliaceae family, Magnolia genus were found 7 species, which were shown the most. Among 3 genus of Magnolia species, medicinal plants were all one species each. Out of all serviceable parts in Magnoliaceae, Flos parts took first place as 3 species. There are no toxic, the survey said. Conclusion : There were totaled to 5 genera and 16 species in Magnoliaceae in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 3 genera, 5 species, some 32% in total.

• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to determine the suitability of 3 months old bamboo species of Phyllostachys bambusoides S. et Z., Phyllostachys Pubescens Mazel and Phyllostachys nigra var henonis Stapf as raw materials for the manufacture of strandboard. Total of 108 strandboards were made using urea-formaldehyde resin content level of 12% and one percent of liquid wax emulsion. The strandboard consisted of three layers the top and the bottom layer of which were oriented to the same direction and weighted 25% of the strandboard each. The middle core layer weighed 50% of the board and was perpendicular to the outer top and bottom layers. Analysis was performed to determine the effect of strand lengths and Uowing years of 3 months, 2 years and 3 years on strandboard properties. The physical and mechanical properties of bamboo species and boards were measured and compared to the standard requirements of strandboards. The results are as follows; 1. The more the growing years the higher the density of bamboo. Top part of bamboo indicated higher density value than that of bottom part. 2. Bamboo showed higher static bending strength compared to the main wood species. Longer growing years of bamboo generally inclosed the static tending strength out there were no statistical significancies for Phyllostachys bmbusoides S. et Z. and Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel. 3. Strand length indicated no difference on density and moisture content of strandboard. 5 cm of strand length gave the best static bending strength and internal bonding strength. Bamboo strandboard exhibited lesser extents of thickness swelling than that of CSA standard. 4. 3 months old bamboo gave higher static bending strength of strandboard than those of 2 years and 3 years old bamboo. In case of Phyllostachys nigra var henonis Stapf, 3 months old bamboo indicated higher internal bonding strength than those of 2 years and 3years old bamboo. but in Phyllostachys bambusoides S. et Z., Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel, there were no difference among growing years. Growing years showed no different physical properties of bamboo strandboard.