• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2020

Lathyrus palustris often used as a treatment for inflammation of the kidneys in Korean traditional medication. Generally, drugs for arthritis have anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties. However, the validity of the anti-inflammatory effect has not been scientifically investigated so far. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to investigate the latent anti-inflammatory ability of L. palustris using the ethanol extract. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities, we examined the inflammatory arbitrators such as a nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) on RAW 264.7 cells. Our results indicated that ethanol extract significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide E (LPS) derived PGE₂ production in RAW 264.7 cell. The inhibitory activity of ethanol extract for PGE₂ tests with inhibition ratio showed in 40 ㎍/mL. Overall, PGE₂ tests had a higher inhibitory effect on inflammation than NO tests. This result anticipated that the ethanol extract from L. palustris is a good candidate for developing the origin of anti-inflammatory agents.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.385-389
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• 2008

Nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to play an important role in endotoxin-mediated shock and inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effect of Rosa laevigata Michx. (Rosaceae) on the production of NO and the molecular mechanism of its action. Rosa laevigata inhibited NO generation and iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages. Activity of nuclear $factor{-\kappa}B\;(NF{-\kappa}B)$ and the degradation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ were suppressed by Rosa laevigata. Furthermore, extracellular signal-stimulated kinase (ERK), which is known to be involved in $NF{-\kappa}B$ activation, is inhibited by Rosa laevigata. These results suggest that Rosa laevigata could exert its anti-inflammatory actions by suppressing the synthesis of NO through inhibition of $NF{-\kappa}B$ activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 2019

The purification of the MeOH extract from Impatiens basamina by repeated column chromatography led to the isolation of one new tetrahydronaphthalene (1), together with eleven known compounds (2 - 12). The structure of the new compound (1) was determined by spectral data analysis ($^1H$ and $^{13}C$-NMR, $^1H-^1H$ COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY, and HR-ESI-MS). Isolated compounds (1 - 12) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-activated murine microglial BV-2 cells and their effects on NGF secretion from C6 glioma cells. Compounds 3, 7, and 10 reduced NO levels in LPS-activated murine microglial cells with $IC_{50}$ values of 26.89, 25.59, and $44.21{\mu}M$, respectively. Compounds 1, 5, and 9 upregulated NGF secretion to $153.09{\pm}4.66$, $156.88{\pm}8.86$, and $157.34{\pm}3.30%$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2014

In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects by Alopecurus aequalis Sobol on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production by RAW 264.7 cell line. Consistent with these observations, DS reduced the LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at the protein levels in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the release of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were also reduced by DS. Moreover, LPS increased expression phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$, but DS showed inhibitory effect by reducing LPS-inducible p-$I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ expression level. These results suggest that the down regulation of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-6 expression by DS are achieved by the downregulation of NF-${\kappa}B$ activity, a transcription factor necessary for pro-inflammatory mediators, and that is also responsible for its anti-inflammatory effects.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1 s.37
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• pp.11-21
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• 1999

Dansam, the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza BGE. (Labiatae), has a bitter and a slightly 'cold' property. and is nontoxic. It has been used for the treatment of diseases such as tumors, bruises, gynecologic diseases, menoxenia, anemia and so forth. As an oriental medicine pathway, anal therapy has many kinds of treatments, Retention enema is one the most useful, advantageous methods of anal therapy. This experiment was performed in order to study the effect of an aqueous extract of Salviae radix root(SRRAE) on Immediate type allergic reaction by Retention enema. The results were obtained as follows, 1. SRRAE inhibited compound 48/80-induced Immediate type allergic reaction 100% with the dose of 0.1g/kg by anal treatment. However, SRRAE showed no significant inhibitory effect on the same reaction by oral treatment. When mice were pretreated with SRRAE at a concentration ranging from 0.001 to 1.0g/kg, by intra-anal treatment, the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. 2. SRRAE also inhibited by 79.8% local cutaneous allergic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. 3. SRRAE close-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells(RPMC) by anti-DNP IgE., but SRRAE not inhibited compound 48/80-induced histamine release. 4. SRRAE dose-dependently inhibited tumor necrosis $factor-\;{\alpha}$ $(TNF-\;{\alpha}$) production from RPMC by anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, the level of cAMP in RPMC, when SRRAE was added, significantly increased compared with that of a normal control. According to the above results, anal therapy(Retention enema) of SRRAE may be beneficial in the treatment of systemic and local Immediate type allergic reactions.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2000

Inhibitory effects of the methanol extract, hexane extract, methanol soluble fraction (MSF) and juice from 3 weeks fermented Kimchi on the tumor formation in sarcoma-180 cell transplanted mice were studied. Effects of the solvent extracts and juice of the Kimchi on the levels of lipid peroxide, glutathione, and the enzyme activities of the liver were also investigated in normal and sarcoma-180 cell transplanted mice. At 32 days following trans-plantation, MSF reduced the tumor formation by 54% compared with the control group, resulting in the smallest tumor weight. Lipid peroxided content in liver increased by the transplantation of sarcoma-180 cells. However, it decreased when MSF of Kimchi was treated to the mice. MSF also suppressed xanthine oxidase activity in cytosol of the liver cells in mice transplanted by sarcoma-180 cells. Kimchi extracts had no inhibitory effect on hepatic aminopyrine-N-demethylase activity in sarcoma-180 cell transplanted or normal mice. Methanol extract and hexane extract of Kimchi slightly increased hepatic glutathione contents in sarcoma-180 treated mice. The injection of MSF from Kimchi markedly increased glutathione levels in the liver of sarcoma-180 treated mice. The injection of MSF from Kimchi markedly increased glutathione levels in the liver of sarcoma-180 treated mice compared to the controls. The MSF recovered the activities of hepatic glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase that decreased by the injection of sarcoma-180 cells. These results showed that MSF of Kimchi could suppress the growth of tumors, inhibiting lipid peroxide production and xanthine oxidase activity, in mice. We also suggested that Kimchi extract might play an important role in the prevention of cancer by enhancement of the glutathione level itself as well as via glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.536-544
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• 2017

This study was carried out to find out the physiological activity effect of Sicyos angulatus L. extract which is known as an ecosystem disturbance plant and confirm the availability as a functional cosmetic material. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were measured, and DPPH radical scavenging, intracellular ROS, and its inhibitory effect on the expression Nitric oxide of and COX-2 were evaluated. The content of polyphenol and flavonoid was found to be 3.079 mg(CA)/100g and 72 mg(Q)/100g of Sicyos angulatus L. extract and antioxidant activity through high radical scavenging activity was confirmed. ~Significant cytotoxicity was not observed up to a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$ in RAW 264.7 cells and HDF cells and concentration-dependent inhibition of ROS production in HDF cells, inhibition of high NO production and inhibition of COX-2 protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells were confirmed. Through these results, we found the possibility of use as a functional cosmetic material with excellent antioxidant effect and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through inhibition of intracellular ROS generation, inhibition of NO generation, and inhibition of COX-2 protein expression.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2015

In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of fermented Hizikia fusiformis extracts in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. The fermentation was performed using Lactobacillus casei in mixture of carbon source at $30^{\circ}C$ for 30 days. The sample groups were prepared with/without L. casei group in order to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of fermented H. fusiformis in regard to lactic acid bacteria. As a result, we confirmed the inhibitory effect of H. fusiformis extracts on LPS-stimulated NO production and expression of $TNF{\alpha}$, while it had no regulatory effect on the expression of iNOS, COX-2, $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6 as important inflammatory factors. However, L. casei fermented group significantly suppressed the expression of the above factors. In particular, the difference between the two groups in the matter of mRNA expression of iNOS, which is directly associated with NO production, indicated that the fermentation with lactic acid bacteria effectively suppressed NO production by regulating iNOS expression. Also, effective suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines showed that the fermentation using L. casei may provide an increment towards extraction of active ingredients that are effective anti-inflammatory agents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2017

This study describes the preliminary evaluation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Allium hookeri. A. hookeri was extracted using crude extract and then fractionated sequentially with n-hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$, EtOAc, and n-BuOH. To screen for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents effectively, we first examined the inhibitory effect of A. hookeri extracts on production of oxidant stresses (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, xanthine oxidase, and superoxide). In addition, we examined the inhibitory effects of A. hookeri on production of pro-inflammatory factors (nitric oxide, prostaglandin $E_2$, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2) in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Of the sequential solvent fractions of A. hookeri, EtOAc fractions showed decreased production of oxidant stresses, and $CH_2Cl_2$ and EtOAc fractions of A. hookeri inhibited production of pro-inflammatory factors. EtOAc fraction inhibited production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and -$1{\beta}$). These results suggest that A. hookeri has significant effects on oxidant stresses and pro-inflammatory factors and is a possible antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapeutic and preventive material.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.39-49
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• 2018

Objectives : This study is designed to clarify whitening, anti-inflammatory effect of fractions extracted from the mixture of Phaseolus radiatus L. and ethanol. Methods : In this experiment, we were intended to reveal whitening, anti-inflammatory effect of fractions extracted from the mixture of Phaseolus radiatus L. and ethanol. The whitening activity was confirmed by UV blocking activity, tyrosinase inhibiting activity, and melanin formation inhibiting activity. Anti-inflammatory activity is confirmed by measurement of cytotoxicity level by MTT assay and measurement of Cytokine expression, which is the main mediator of inflammation reaction. Results : As a results, overall activity was high in the ethyl acetate fraction. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was less than 20% at all concentrations, but the activity to inhibit melanin self-production was higher than that of ethyl acetate fraction at $32.19{\pm}2.79%$ at $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. And ethyl acetate fraction had a relatively high UV blocking activity. In the anti-inflammatory test, the concentration-dependent activity was shown, and the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed significant NO production inhibitory activity. Cytokine expression was superior to that of the final stage of B cell differentiation, and cell viability was over 80% except for the chloroform fraction at the concentration of $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Conclusions : The results of this experiment confirmed the whitening effect and anti-inflammatory effect of Phaseolus radiatus L.'s extracts and fractions and report the possibility of application as external medicine.