• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.361-368
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• 1994

Radiographic planning is needed for implant placement in order to determine implant length, jaw bone volume, anatomical stucture and so on. Radiographic examination includes conventional radiography, conventional tomography and CT scan. The most accurate mesurement can be obtained from CT scan. For the cross-sectional view of mandible, CT scan reconstruction is generally needed. But the cross-sectional view of mandible can be reformed by personal computer. This study was performed to examine the clinical usefulness of reformed image using personal computer in comparison with CT scan reconstructed image. CT axial slices of 4 mandibles of 4 volunteers were used. Digital imaging system was composed of Macintosh Ⅱ ci computer, high resolution Sony XC-77 CCD camera, Quick Capture frame grabber board and 'NIH Image' program. Seven reconstructed cross-sectional images within CT machine(CT group) were obtained. And seven reformed cross-sectional images(PC group) after digitization of CT axial slices into the personal computer were obtained. PC group was compared with CT group in the objective and subjective aspects. The results were as follow: 1. Measurement of mandibular height & width in both group showed insignificant difference(P>0.05). 2. Subjective assessment of the mandibular canal in both group showed insignificant difference(P>0.05). 3. Image reformation using personal computer could provide panoramic view, which could not be obtained in CT scan reconstruction.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.743-748
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• 2006

The complement (C) regulatory proteins decay accelerating factor (DAF, CD55) and CD59 could protect host cells using different mechanisms from C-mediated damage at two distinct levels within the C pathway. Co-expression of DAF and CD59 would be an effective strategy to help overcome host C-induced xenograft hyperacute rejection. In this study, we made a construct of recombinant expression vector containing DAF and CD59 cDNA and the stable cell lines were obtained by G418 selection. Extraneous genes integration and co-expression were identified by PCR, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Human c-mediated cytolysis assays showed that NIH/3T3 cells transfected stably with pcDNA3-CD59, pcDNA3-DAF, and pcDNA3-CD59DAF-DP were protected from C-mediated damage and that synchronously expressed human CD59 and DAF provided the most excellent protection for host cells as compared with either human CD59 or DAF expressed alone. Therefore, the construct represents an effective and efficacy strategy to overcome C-mediated damage in cells and, ultimately, in animals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.75-78
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• 2007

Mobile IP provides hand-held devices with mobility which allows the user to do work over the network. However, handover time due transfer between access routers causes network delays and data loss. L2Trigger Handover expects this handover to take place, and executes L3 handover before L2 handover takes place, thereby reducing overall handover latency, although it still is an issue since handover latency between AR is not completely eliminated in L2 trigger handover. In this paper took into consideration where MIH is used in MIPv4 and using MIH Table when handover is about to occur in MN(Mobile Node), thereby pre-fetching data needed by Handover. In this way, when the handover is estimated, it improves the init time that L2trigger had. Furthermore we can find that we can execute the handover with shorten init time in smaller and narrow overlap length

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.191-211
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• 1995

This experiment was designed to study the change of cytotoxic and antitumor effects according to the prebrewed method of Semen Tiglii and Rhizoma Coptidis. The cytotoxic and antitumor effects were evaluated on human cell lines(A 549, Caki-1, LL2, Sarcoma 180, NIH/3T3) after exposure to prebrewed Semen Tiglii and Rhizoma Coptidis water extract 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 mg/ml using in MTT assay, LDH, colony forming efficency and SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for cytotoxic and antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows. 1. The cytotoxicity from the result of MTT assay was low slightly in the ST II(炒巴豆霜), high in the ST III(醋炒巴豆). The cytotoxicity of ST I + RC(生巴豆霜加黃連) was similar to that of STI(生巴豆霜). 2. The cytotoxicity from the result of LDH was low slightly in the ST Ⅱ (炒巴豆霜), high in the ST III(醋炒巴豆). The cytotoxicity of ST I + RC(生巴豆霜加黃連) was similar to that of ST I(生巴豆霜). 3. The antitumor affect on A 549 tumor cell from the result of colony forming efficiency was low slightly in the ST II (炒巴豆霜) and ST I + RC(生巴豆霜加黃連). 4. The antitumor effect on Caki-1 tumor cell from the result of SRB assay was low slightly in the ST II (炒巴豆霜). 5. Median survival time and Increased life span increased slightly in the ST I RC(生巴豆霜加黃連) and ST II (炒巴豆霜). 6. The inhibitory effect on the growth of Sarcoma 180 and Lewis lung carcinoma tumor cell increased slightly in the ST I + RC(生巴豆霜加黃連) and ST II (炒巴豆霜).

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.83-99
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• 2000

A defective HIV-1 helper virus DNA, pHyPC, was assembled by deleting the RNA packaging signal, env, nef and the 3'LTR sequences. HIV-1 like virus particles that carry the HIV-1 receptor, CD4 were generated by co expression of pHyPC and plasmid DNAs encoding different chimeric CD4 proteins. The CD4 particles, sharing the CD4 ectodomain, precisely fused to different membrane anchors. CD4(+) particles specifically bound to HIV-1 Env expressing cells, but any signs of infection into these cells were not detected. Binding was only partially blocked by either polyclonal anti-CD4 antibodies or by high concentrations of soluble CD4. Surprisingly, CD4(+) particles also adsorbed to HeLa, CHO, NIH3T3 and COS-7 cells in the absence of HIV-1 Env expression. Adsorption was comparable in strength and speed to the highly specific CD4-Env interaction. CD4(-) particles exhibited only background levels of binding. Cell binding was CD4. dependent, but it was independent of the cell type from which the CD4(+) particles originated. Interestingly, CD4-dependent/Env-independent binding was only found when CD4 was present on virus particles. This suggests that the micro-environment of CD4 on virus particles uniquely expose this new cell binding activity. Its high affinity could explain in part why infection of Env(+) cells by CD4(+) particles was not detected. Further experiments will be required to evaluate whether this strong membrane interaction could represent one step in the multiple-step viral entry process.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.301-308
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• 2012

In fascioliasis, T-helper 2 (Th2) responses predominate, while little is known regarding early immune phenomenon. We herein analyzed early immunophenotype changes of BALB/c, C57BL/6, and C3H/He mice experimentally infected with 5 Fasciola hepatica metacercariae. A remarkable expansion of $CD19^+$ B cells was observed as early as week 1 post-infection while $CD4^+/CD8^+$ T cells were down-regulated. Accumulation of $Mac1^+$ cells with time after infection correlated well with splenomegaly of all mice strains tested. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ mRNA in splenocytes significantly decreased while that of IL-4 up-regulated. IL-$1{\beta}$ expression was down-modulated in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, but not in C3H/He. Serum levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}$ were considerably elevated in all mice during 3 weeks of infection period. These collective results suggest that experimental murine fascioliasis might derive immune suppression with elevated levels of TGF-${\beta}$ and IL-4 during the early stages of infection.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.3 s.138
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• pp.244-249
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• 2004

The effects of hesperetin and naringenin on $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation were investigated in normal rat kidney cells transformed by temperature sensitive Rous Sarcoma Virus (tsNRK). The flavonoids, naringenin and hesperetin, significantly reduced v-Src-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation as well as phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3 in tsNRK cells, whereas these compounds did not effect on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation in $NIH3T3{\gamma}l$ cells. In addition, the DNA binding activity of SP-I was also reduced but that of AP-1 was not affected by the compounds. Our study suggests that Src-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation could occur via Akt-GSK-3 pathway without $IkB{\alpha}$ degradation and that naringenin and hesperetin could be used in the treatment of cancer through the inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

In order to obtain the specific genes of snailfish a subtracted cDNA library was constructed, and analysed by sequencing and GenBank search. Among them C90-171 clone was turned out to be genes showing low homology and nonredundant genes. This novel clone was named Gomsin(C90-171). Gomsin was shown to be intensely expressed in the epithelial cells, some mesenchymal cells, and sheaths of muscle bundles in the result of immunohistochemistry. In the cross reaction assay of Gomsin antibody against various human tissues, the Gomsin was strongly expressed in the ductal and acinar cells of salivary glands, which was similar to the expression patterns of proline-rich proteins(PRPs) of human. The antibody raised against the Gomsin was clearly cross-reacted with human salivary PRPs and also recombinant proteins of human PRPs in the Western blot and immunoprecipitation analysis. Contrast to the salivary PRPs, the Gomsin was not easily degraded in the mixed saliva, but rapidly attacked on the cultured keratocytes in vitro. The simulated protein structure of Gomsin was similar to the whorled pattern of PRPs, even though the amino acid sequence of Gomsin was quite different from those of PRPs. These data suggest that the Gomsin is a characteristic matrix protein in the skin and body of snailfish, which is also utilized for the tissue protection in the similar way to the PRPs of human muco-secretory organs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.4-4
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• 2012

Proteins enable biology to be viable through molecular interactions (such as in antigen-antibody, ligand-receptor, and drug-target) with

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.777-785
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• 2001

치주질환이 진행되는 동안이나 치주처치후 치유되는 과정에서 치조골의 변화가 야기되는데 방사선 사진은 치조골 변화를 감지하는 유일한 비외과적인 방법이다. 미묘한 치조골 변화의 진단은 치료시나 유지관리기 환자의 평가시 중요한 바, 최근에는 규격화시킨 디지털 영상을 이용하여 정량적인 골변화 측정이 가능하게 되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 중등도의 치주질환을 지닌 환자에서 국소마취하에 초기 치주처치를 시행한후 참조체와 함께 구내 방사선 사진을 촬영하고 디지털화 한 다음 참조체 당량치를 이용하여 치조골의 밀도변화를 평가하기 위한 것이다. 이 연구를 위하여 치주질환에 이환된 환자 5명(남자 3명, 여자 2명 : 평균 47.4세)에서 탐침깊이가 5㎜ 이상이고 골내낭이 있는 제 $1{\cdot}2$ 소구치, 제 $1{\cdot}2$ 대구치 40개(상악 24개, 하악 16개)를 대상으로 구강위생교육과 치석제거술, 치근면활택술을 시행하였다. 임상지수는 술전과 술후 8주째에 측정하였고, 방사선 사진은 술전, 술후 2주, 4주, 6주, 8주째에 촬영하였고, 구리 스텝웨지를 사용하여 규격화 하였다. 촬영된 영상은 NIH image program(U.S.A)에 의해 분석되어졌고 이들 자료를 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 치조골의 밀도는 초기치료후 2주째 까지는 감소된 양상을 보이다가 4주 이후로는 점차적으로 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 2. 치조골의 밀도는 초기치료전과 비교시 초기치료수 6주째와 8주째에서 유의한 차이를 보였다.(p<0.01) 3. 상하악 간의 치조골 밀도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 이상과 같은 결과를 통하여 볼때 초기 치주처치만으로도 치조골의 밀도가 증가됨을 확인할 수 있었다.