• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.354-357
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• 2008

Drag reduction is one of main concerns for commercial aircraft companies than ever because fuel price has been tripled in ten years. In this research, Natural Laminar Flow airfoil is designed and tested to reduce drag at cruise condition, $c_l$=0.3, Re=3.4${\times}$10$^6$ and M=0.6. NLF airfoil is characterized by delayed transition from laminar to turbulent flow, which comes from maintaining favorable pressure gradient to downstream. Transition is predicted by solving Boundary Layer equations in viscous boundary layer and by solving Euler Equation outside the boundary layer. Once boundary layer thickness and momentum thickness are obtained, $e^N$-method is used for transition point prediction. As results, KARI's NLF airfoil is designed and shows better characteristics than NLF-0115. The characteristics are tested and verified at low Reynolds numbers, but at high Reynolds numbers, laminar flow characteristics are not obtainable because of fully turbulent flow over airfoil surfaces. Precious experiences, however, relating NLF airfoil design, subsonic and transonic tests are acquired.

• 수완나부미
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.27-59
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• 2022

During the past two decades, the Southeast Asian region has experienced a range of major crises. Service industries such as tourism and the marginal and migrant laborers who work in them have usually been at the sharp end of these testing events, from natural and environmental disasters, epidemics and pandemics, global financial slumps, terrorism, and political conflict. The latest challenge is the "Novel Coronavirus" (Covid-19/SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. It has already had serious consequences for Southeast Asia and its tourism development and these will continue for the foreseeable future. Since the SARS epidemic of 2002-2004, Southeast Asian economies have become integrated increasingly into those of East Asia (China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong). This paper examines one of the most significant current crises, Covid-19, and its consequences for Southeast Asia, its tourism industry, and its workers, comparing experiences across the region, and the issues raised by the over-dependence of some countries on East Asia. In research on crises, the main focus has been on dramatic, unpredictable natural disasters, and human-generated global economic downturns. Not so much attention has been devoted to disease and contagion, which has both natural and socio-cultural dimensions in origins and effects, and which, in the case of Covid-19, evoke a pre-crisis period of normality, a liminal transition or "meantime" and a post-crisis "new normality." The transition is not straightforward; in many countries, it operates as a set of serial lockdowns and restrictions, and to predict an uncertain future remains difficult.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.179-192
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• 2021

인간이 외부 환경으로부터 일련의 식별과 적응 단계를 거치는 것은 생존과 깊은 관련이 있으며, 육체적 정신적 발달 과정은 각 성장기의 과제를 가지고 있다. 특히 영유아는 주변 환경에서 다양한 정보를 받아들이며 균형 잡힌 행동과 사고를 개발하는 가장 활동적인 시기이다. 따라서, 영유아의 발달을 지원하는 공간은 다양한 감각과 경험을 제공하는 공간으로 미적, 기능적 역할을 넘는 의미 있는 환경으로 조성되어야 하며 이를 위해 자연광 유입의 적극적인 도입은 필수적이다. 이에 본 연구는 첫째, 영유아 발달과 '빛 환경'의 개념을 이해하고, 필요성을 분석하였다. 둘째, 자연광이 영유아에게 기능하는 관계성을 파악하였다. 셋째, 파악 된 기능이 어떻게 활용될 수 있는지 우수 건축가의 연출을 분석하여 공간에 적용되는 자연광 유입의 특성을 도출하였고 이를 바탕으로 어린이집 현황을 분석하여 '자연광 도입'의 필요성과 방향성을 논의하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.74-87
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• 2012

The service industry will be essentially extended during the economic growth and industrial development. Especially, the role of workers meeting the customers in service industry is very important from the view point of purchase intention. So many companies in service industry endeavor to increase the work efficacies of workers through the various prizes and incentives, and improve the job performance by additional education. Recently, the incentive tours are comprehensively accepted as an efficient tool to promote the loyalty and job performance of workers. The incentive tours enable the worker to gain the cultural experiences. They will experience not only the natural heritages and antiques, but also the local life culture and arts culture. The culture marketing for worker as the internal customer increase the worker's loyalty and the ties among workers, and therefore, their job performance will be increased. The empirical results (162 workers surveyed) showed the incentive tours have improved both the individual and group's job performance at a cosmetic sales organization. So it is recommend to plan the organization specific incentive tour in order to improve the productivity of the service organization.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.365-378
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of present study was to discover the experience of the body of aged women, having had disease. Thus, the researcher tried to explore the perception of the informants and the context in which this perception emerged. Methods: 9 aged women who had disease or trauma were recruited by snow balling and theoretical sampling methods. The iterative data collection and analyzing process proceeded between September, 1999 and January, 2005. Questions posed to the informants included: "What major change in your body comes from the disease?" "How did you feel about yourself after having had disease?". Data from interviews and participant observation was taken as text. The text was analyzed using the ongoing process of qualitative content analysing method and taxonomy of Spradley. Results: Disease gives aged women a chance to reinforce the meaning of their body: the body as the most low valued component of a human, the body as a wholistic field of interacting each component of human and with natural environment and cosmos, and the body as a source of group identity. These meanings were constructed in their life world by the rules of hierarchy, reciprocity, and group cohesiveness. Conclusions: The human body is constructed as a cultural being by a social process. Nursing is concerned with the biological body and the social body. The results of this study can serve to help understand the socialization of the body and to construct a somology of nursing.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the choice experiences of students majoring in nursing and whose mothers were nurses. Methods: The participants of this study were 12 students, six male and six female. Data were collected via an in-depth personal interview. The collected data were analyzed with Colazzi's phenomenological methodology. Results: A core theme of 'Natural choice as my major' emerged. In addition, we found the following three theme clusters: 1. My choice; 2. Expanding relationship between Mother and I; 3. Journey with mother. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the mothers of nursing students who were nurses themselves were good role models. They could influence their children to choose nursing as a profession. Also, they affected or are affecting their children to be colleagues in the same way. If we could provide good working environments for nurses, the next generation will also choose nursing as a profession and ultimately establish a family line. An educational setting is required to provide better professional nursing conditions for the next generation.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to explore the meanings and significance of sense of place in environmental education. Sense of place is related to affective aspect of human, means emotional bonds to place where he live. In general sense, place is referred to a location on the earth but is not confined to physical settings or space. It is a construction reflecting human experiences and meanings and being center of meaningful experiences in everyday life. Recently there are many environmental educators emphasizing lived experience as a way to develop environmental sensitivity or intimacy toward nature. Environmental education should be practiced in the place where the participants live and reflect locality including social and cultural characteristics as well as natural features. In addition, it should provide opportunities for participants to have an lived experience where they can get the sense of bonds to place or connectedness. It is the significance that sense of place has. If you get sense of place, sense of bonds to place, you are likely to feel much more belongingness and attachment to place, which in turn become a basis for a variety of activities to conserve and improve the place and will develop an ecological self.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Purpose: This study is descriptive research to identify characteristics and childbirth experience of women who selected delivery with midwives. Methods: The research methods included structured questionnaires, open questions and charts and data were collected from March 2009 to May 2010 at one midwifery clinic. The 108 data of primipara and multipara were analyzed using descriptive statistics and grouping in same meaning. Results: The general characteristics of participants were age of 31~35, housewife, college or university graduate, religion 'yes', and economic state 'middle'. The obstetric characteristics of participants were abortion rate of 23.1%, none complication to pregnancy and delivery of 97.2%, and none postpartum complication. This study was analyzed using positive experiences of 3 categories, that is 'comfortable and natural childbirth', 'satisfaction and trust to personal care of midwives', and 'experience of baby-and-family-centered childbirth' and negative experiences of 3 categories, that is 'improvement of healthcare environment', 'insufficient facilities and nursing care', and'burden of cost'. Conclusion: This study is significant, since it investigates in the absence of domestic research on the characteristics of women who delivered at midwifery clinic. Thus, this study provided basic data on the characteristics of women who delivered at midwifery clinic.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.168-182
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative study was to evaluate the experience of role adaptation from nurse to member of the nursing faculty. Methods: Data were collected from 13 members of a nursing faculty through in-depth interviews. The main question asked was "Could you describe your experience from being a nurse to becoming a member of the nursing faculty?" Qualitative data from the field and transcribed notes were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology. Results: The core experiential category of role adaptation from nurse to member of the nursing faculty was 'striving for survival from culture shock'. The participants used the following three interactional strategies: 'recognizing everything and entering the school environment', 'self-reflection on being a professor and integration of experiences', and 'finding a way of adapting'. Conclusion: The participants tried to adapt to life as a professor and reflected on and integrated their experiences into their new life on the faculty. College faculty need to understand the impact of changes and challenges faced by new professors during role adaptation and to support this adaptation through mentorship and organized orientation programs.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2015

지방자치단체 수준에서의 습지 보전 현황을 파악하기 위해 경상남도를 대상으로 실행계획과 과제현황을 분석하였다. 습지보전실천계획은 기반체계(습지조사, 습지보호지역 람사르습지 관리, 습지관리전략 수립), 습지보전 및 현명한 이용(습지복원, 생물관리, 이용시설조성), 교육 및 인식증진, 협력체계구축(국내외 습지보전기관과의 협력)으로 구분하였다. 2010년부터 2013년 까지 총 42개 과제(145건)가 수행되었고 총 88,899백만원이 경상남도의 14개 기관에서 수행된 것으로 분석되었다. 과제의 규모와 예산은 점차 감소하는 추세에 있지만 지속적으로 추진되는 과제가 많으며, 수행 주체는 일부 지방자치단체에 집중되어 있는 양상을 보였다. 각 과제가 얼마나 많은 성과를 만들었는가를 판단하기에 앞서, 전통적인 습지관리방법이나 행정적 법적 지원이 충분하지 않은 상황에서 여러 가지 시도를 통해 지방정부 차원에서 습지를 관리하고 이를 조례로 입법화한 것은 지방자치단체 수준의 습지보전에 높은 의미를 가지는 것으로 평가할 수 있었다. 단일 지방자치단체의 역량만으로 국가 네트워크를 통한 자료 공유 또는 법적 제제는 무리가 따르므로 이를 위한 중앙정부차원의 법적 근거 마련과 타 지방자치단체와의 협력체계 구축이 시급한 것으로 판단된다.