• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2010

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of the pine sawyer (Monochamus saltuarius), Japanese pine sawyer (M. alternatus) and oak longicorn beetle (Moechotypa diphysis) were analyzed by GC, GC-MS and compared. Monochamus beetles are typical vectors of pine wilt disease but Moechotypa diphysis, which belongs to the same family, is not. They possess different CHCs in carbon number: 23-25 in M. saltuarius, 25-32 in M. alternatus, and 23-29 in M. diphysis. In comparison to inter-species, these three species of adult beetles have different numbers and chains of constituents of CHCs. In comparison between male and female in intra-species, the quantities of CHCs show the difference but constituents are not. Major constituent of M. saltuarius were analyzed as n-pentacosane > n-nonacosane > n-heptacosane; those of M. alternatus were n-nonacosene > n-pentacosane > n-nonacosane; and those of M. diphysis were n-heptacosane > 13-methylheptacosane > 3-methylheptacosane. From the body surface, most saturated carbohydrates of 3 species beetles are composed of n-alkane (40.2 - 65.7%) and followed by olefines > monomethylalkanes that one or two double bonds in M. saltuarius and M. alternatus. Otherwise, M. diphysis have the difference in order of monomethylalkanes > olefins.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.76-81
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• 1999

216 microorganisms which able to degrade wasted lubricant were isolated in the region of contaminated with wated lubricant such automobile repair shops, garages and gas stations in Taejon. Most activated strain among them is selected and used in this research. The microorganism in identified as Acinetobacter lwoffii 16C-1, which shows active growth and hydrocargon utilization withnormal alkane such as tetradecane, hexadecane and octadecane, and do not grow aromatic hydrocargons, cycloalkane, and branched alkane. In addition, A. lwoffii 16C-1 has resistance to heavy metals such as Ba, Li, Cr, and Mn more than 6.4mg/ml, and showed negligible tolerance against antibiotics. Effects of environmental conditions including concentration of wasted lubricnt, pH, NaCl concentration, nitrogen source and phosphate on microorganism growth and emulsification were studied. 2% of wasted lubricant, pH 7.0, 0-1% of NaCl, 0.2% of peptone, and 0.01% of K2HPO4 is turn out to be optimum condition. By the analysis of remaining oils, almost of hydrocarbons added to the media are removed by A. lwoffii 16C-1 at 30$^{\circ}C$ after 2 days of culture, which showed excellent oil degradation characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.442-447
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• 2005

Concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons in water, particulate matter, and sediment phase were measured at five stations in Gyeongan River. Aliphatic hydrocarbons from $n-C_{10}$ to $n-C_{17}$ were detected in the water phase and they might be originated from not only biogenic hydrocarbons also petroleum hydrocarbon. $n-C_{17}$ aliphatic hydrocarbon and fatty acids were detected in the particulate matter phase. They might be originated from biological sources such as phytoplankton. Short alkane chains from $n-C_{10}$ to $n-C_{13}$ were detected in the sediment phase. They might be originated from sedimentation of biological hydrocarbons decomposed by bacteria or adsorption of petroleum hydrocarbon from the water phase.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.224-231
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• 2010

In GvdW EOS, a recently presented paper, shows that the characteristic status for spherical non-linear particle, of which the mutual behavior is known to be vdWf(van der Waals force) only, could be described well enough in the critical region. However, in current papers, analysis has not been done on GvdW about whether it is accurate or not, even for the particles in the linear form or those with the additional mutual behavior such as static-electricity, so there's some argument about the wide use of that. Therefore, in this paper, for the simulation in the critical region of Normal-alkane group(R=methane, ethane, propane, butane) which are the particles that has a linear charateristic and Normal-amine group($RNH_2$, R=methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-amine) where static-electricity is extremely shown, GvdW parameter values about these particles are defined, and based on this simulation, we compared results to the current EOS presented recently, and analyzed them. Through the simulation, it was shown that in case of Normal-alkane group and Normal-amine group molecules, GvdW presents an accurate critical region characteristic which is far more close to the measurement compared to current EOSs. Especially for butane with big amount in molecules, we found out that only GvdW EOS can reach close enough to the critical point.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 1999

The present paper is a review of the current studies of quantum beats in recombination of spin-correlated radical pairs in solutions as well as of future applications of quantum beats technique for studying these pairs. Examples are given of the use of this method for determining the hfi constants and relaxation times of short-lived radical ions, for finding the rate constants of the reactions of alkane radical cations and for estimating a fraction of singlet-correlated pairs in the pairs in the tracks of ionizing particles. The potentialities of this method, its advantages and limitations are discussed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.427-432
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• 1995

A model based on two coupled generalized Langevin equations is proposed to investigate the trans-stilbene photoisomerization dynamics. In this model, a system which has two independent coordinates is considered and these two system coordinates are coupled to the same harmonic bath. The direct coupling between the system coordinates is assumed negligible and these two coordinates influence each other through the frictional coupling mediated by solvent molecules. From the Hamiltonian which is equivalent to the coupled generalized Langevin equations, we obtain the transition state theory rate constants of the stilbene photoisomerization. The rates obtained from this model are compared to experimental results in n-alkane solvents.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2009

In this study, solubilization experiments of n-decane, n-undecane and n-dodecane oil were performed by micellar solutions of polymeric nonionic surfactant Pluronic L64($EO_{13}PO_{30}EO_{13}$) at room temperature. A single spherical drop of hydrocarbon oil was injected into aqueous surfactant solution using an oil drop contacting technique and solubilization rate of hydrocarbon oil was measured by observing the size of oil drop with time. It was shown that solubilization rate decreased with the alkane carbon number(ACN) of the hydrocarbon oil. The solubilization rate was also found to be independent of initial oil dorp size and almost linearly proportional to the initial surfactant concentration. These results revealed that solubilization of n-decane, n-undecane and n-dodecane oils by L64 micellar solution is controlled by interface-controlled mechanism but not by diffusion-controlled mechanism. The equilibrium solubilization capacity(ESC) was measured by a turbidimeter and the result showed that EAC decreased with an increase in ACN but increased with both increases in surfactant concentration and solubilization rate. Dynamic interfacial tension measurements showed that interfacial tension and equilibrium time increased with an increase in ACN of hydrocarbon oil but decreased with an increase in surfactant concentration.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.185-194
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• 2011

Aliphatic cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of different developmental stages of the spot clothing wax cicada, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) were analyzed using GC and GC-MS. The numbers of carbons in the major CHCs of each developmental stage 32, 33, 28, 38, 37 in the egg, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar nymphal stages, and adults, respectively. The cuticle of Lycorma delicatula contains mainly methyl-branched 9-methylheptacosane (15.11%) in the egg stage, and a high proportion of n-heptacosane in nymphal stages (15.75, 22.42, 25.04, and 23.11 % in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars, respectively). In contrast, male and female adults had high proportions of n-nonacosane (13.42 and 16.55%). The chemical constituents of CHCs were classified into five groups (n-alkanes, monomethylalkanes, dimethylalkanes, trimethylalkanes, olefins) and group profiles of each developmental stage were compared. Egg surface was composed mainly monomethylalkanes (45.39%), a saturated hydrocarbon. Nymph CHCs consisted primarily of n-alkanes (37.63 to 46.12%). There was a difference between adult male and female CHCs. However, both contained n-alkanes and monomethylalkanes. CHCs with trimethyl or double bonded structure were rare in all stages.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1151-1156
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• 2014

The photocatalytic decomposition characteristics of single n-pentane, n-pentane mixed with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and n-pentane mixed with ethyl acetate (EA) by cylindrical UV reactor installed with $TiO_2$-coated perforated plane were studied. The effects of the residence time, the inlet gas concentration, and the oxygen concentration were investigated. The removal efficiency of n-pentane was increased with increasing the residence time and the oxygen concentration, but decreased with increasing the inlet concentration of n-pentane. The photocatalytic decomposition rates of single n-pentane, n-pentane mixed with MEK, and n-pentane mixed with EA fitted well on Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics equation. The maximum elimination capacities of single n-pentane, n-pentane mixed with MEK, and n-pentane mixed with EA were obtained to be $465g/m^3{\cdot}day$, $217g/m^3{\cdot}day$, and $320g/m^3{\cdot}day$, respectively. The presence of coexisting MEK and EA vapor had a negative effect on the photocatalytic decomposition of n-pentane and the negative effect of MEK was higher than that of EA.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.735-744
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• 1996

We present results of molecular dynamic (MD) simulations for the thermodynamic and structural properties of liquid n-alkanes, from n-butane to n-heptadecane, using three different models Ⅰ-Ⅲ. Two of the three classes of models are collapsed atomic models while the third class is an atomistically detailed model. Model Ⅰ is the original Ryckaert and Bellemans' collapsed atomic model [Discuss. Faraday Soc. 1978, 66, 95] and model Ⅱ is the expanded collapsed model which includes C-C bond stretching and C-C-C bond angle bending potentials in addition to Lennard-Jones and torsional potentials of model Ⅰ. In model Ⅲ all the carbon and hydrogen atoms in the monomeric units are represented explicitly for the alkane molecules. Excellent agreement of the results of our MD simulations of model Ⅰ for n-butane with those of Edberg et al.[J. Chem. Phys. 1986, 84, 6933], who used a different algorithm confirms the validity of our algorithms for MD simulations of model Ⅱ for 14 liquid n-alkanes and of models Ⅰ and Ⅲ for liquid n-butane, n-decane, and n-heptadecane. The thermodynamic and structural properties of models Ⅰ and Ⅱ are very similar to each other and the thermodynamic properties of model Ⅲ for the three n-alkanes are not much different from those of models Ⅰ and Ⅱ. However, the structural properties of model Ⅲ are very different from those of models Ⅰ and Ⅱ as observed by comparing the radial distribution functions, the average end-to-end distances and the root-mean-squared radii of gyrations.