• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2005

본 연구는 딸기 시설재배에서 시비방법이 작물의 생육, 무기원소 흡수 및 토양 중 무기염 집적에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 2년에 걸쳐 수행하였다. 1차 년도의 시비방법에 따른 딸기 생육에서 초장, 엽장, 관부직경, 엽병장 및 엽폭은 대조구를 제외한 시비구들간의 통계적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 10a당 수량에서 (D)가 가장 많았고, (A), 농촌진흥청 추천시비(B), 일본의 도치기시험장 추천시비(C) 및 대조구(E)순으로 수확량이 감소하는 경향이었는데 (D)와 (E) 간의 유의차가 인정되었다. 2차년도 정식 80일 후에 조사한 생육 또한 (E)를 제외한 시비구들간의 통계적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 2차년도의 수량 및 평균 과중 등은 1차년도와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 2차년도 토양분석에서 pH는 모두 수용 가능한 범위에 포함되었으나 (A)와 (D)에서 EC가 2.36 및 2.19%$dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$로 측정되었다. (A)와 (D)는 토양 $NO_{3-}N$ 농도가 각각 74.6 및 65.%$mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, 그리고 Na가 3.71 및 3.53$cmol+kg^{-1}$으로 분석되었다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합할 때 (A) 및 (D)는 수량 증가를 위해 바람직 하나 토양의 $NO_{3-}N$ 및 Na 농도를 높여 염류집적을 심화시키는 시비방법임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 1986

황색종연초(黃色種煙草) 재배(栽培)에 있어서 잎담배의 생산성(生産性) 및 품질(品質)에 미치는 3요소(要素)의 시비반응(施肥反應)을 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 황색종연초(黃色種煙草)의 생육(生育) 및 잎담배 수량(收量)은 비옥지(肥沃地) 척박지(瘠薄地) 모두 질소증비(窒素增肥)의 효과(效果)는 현저(顯著)하였으나, 인산(燐酸) 및 가리(加里)의 증비(增肥)에 의한 생산성(生産性)은 뚜렷하지 않았다. 잎담배 품질(品質)은 질소(窒素)의 증비(增肥)와 부(負)의 관계(關係)를 나타냈으며 인산(燐酸) 및 가리(加里)는 시비량(施肥量)에 따른 변이(變異)가 작았다. 2. 잎담배 수량(收量), 품질(品質) 및 내용성분(內容成分) 조성(組成)으로 본 3요소(要素)의 적정(適正) 시비비율(施肥比率)은 N:P:K=2:1:4 이었다. 3. 잎담배의 수량(收量) 및 품질(品質)에 미치는 3요소(要素)의 단독효과(單獨效果)(완전구(完全區)-무비구(無肥區))는 질소질비료(窒素質肥料)가 거의 절대적(絶對的)으로 작용(作用)하며, N, P, K 상호간(相互間)의 공력효과(共力效果) (결제구(缺除區)-무비구(無肥區))에 있어서도 인산(燐酸) 및 가리(加里)는 크게 기여(奇與)하지 못하였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.209-209
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• 2017

The application of liquid swine manure to soil has been commonly reported to increase crop productivity by improving plant nutrient availability. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of liquid swine manure (LSM) application on yield of green manure crops in paddy. Three different application rates of LSM equivalent to 25%, 50%, and 75% of standard fertilization rate of P were applied to the paddy field after rice harvest, and two cover crops, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), were subsequently mix-seeded and cultivated. Plant height of barley was 7% higher in LSM P25% and LSM P50% compared to control treatment (no LSM application), while no significant difference was observed between LSM P75% and control. However, there were no significant differences in plant height of hairy vetch among treatments. Dry matter (DM) yield of green manure increased with LSM application rate, reaching a maximum at LSM P50% (38 and 17% yield increase over control for hairy vetch and barley, respectively), but it decreased at LSM P75% rate. Nitrogen production by green manure crops was the highest in LSM P50% treatment, where the amount of produced N was 57% higher than the optimum N fertilization level for rice ($90kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$). Excess green manure biomass above an optimum level can be removed and utilized either for incorporation into nearby cropland or for sale as fresh forage. Therefore, it is concluded that the application rate of LSM P50% is recommendable for the maximum biomass and nitrogen production from green manure crops in paddy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.172-175
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• 2003

The regression equations of dry weight of planktonic biomass upon physico-chemical characteristics of fifteen ponds in three replicates under the influence of artificial feed, broiler manure, buffalo manure, N:P:K (25:25:0) and a control pond was obtained after one year of experimental period by using stepwise regression method. Water samples from each of the ponds were analyzed daily. However, the average values were calculated on the basis of 15 day intervals designated as fortnight. In artificial feed supplemented pond the regression of average nitrates on dry weight of planktonic biomass accounted for 71.7% of the variation in biomass. In broiler manure fertilization pond the regression of total nitrogen on dry weight of planktonic biomass held it responsible for more than 74.6% of variation in biomass. In buffalo's manure fertilized pond more than 82% of the variations in biomass were due to total nitrogen. In case of N:P:K (25:25:0) treated pond 66% of the variation in the dry weight of planktonic biomass was due to average nitrates. The control pond showed the dependence of biomass on light penetration. This equation explained more than 62 percent of variation in biomass. Other variables also showed some contribution towards variation in biomass under all the treatments in these regression studies.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권1호
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• pp.82-90
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• 2006

경기도 양평지역의 유사한 토양 위에 조성되어 있는 41년생 리기다소나무와 낙엽송 조림지를 대상으로 질소 및 인 시비가 표토층(0~20cm)의 질소무기화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 비닐주머니 매설법을 이용하여 질소무기화율을 측정하였으며, 시비수준은 대조구 (control), 저수준 시비구 [200 N kg/ha+25 P kg/ha(LNP)], 고수준 시비구 [400 N kg/ha+50 P kg/ha(HNP)] 등 세 처리 수준으로 하였다. 조사기간은 1996년 6윌 5일부터 1997년 6월 4일까지 1년간이었으며, 45일 간격으로 6회 배양을 실시하였다. 본 연구로부터 얻어진 결과들을 종합하면 다음과 같다. 배양초기 토양함수율은 리기다소나무 임분의 경우, 대조구가 32%, LNP 처리구가 28%, 그리고 HNP 처리구가 26%였으며, 낙엽송 임분의 경우 대조구가 31% LNP 처리구가 31% 그리고 HNP 처리구가 33%이었다. 조사기간동안의 평균 질소 무기화율은 두 수종 모두 배양시기간과 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 대조구에 비해 시비처리구에서 무기화율이 높았다. 토양시료 배양기간 동안의 연간 질소 무기화량과 질산화량은 수종간 그리고 처리간에 통계적으로 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 연간 질소 무기화량의 경우, 리기다소나무 임분은 대조구가 10.6 kg/ha/year, LNP 처리구가 23.3 kg/ha/year, 그리고 HNP 처리구가 6.6 kg/ha/year였으며, 낙엽송 임분은 대조구가 2.0 kg/ha/year, LNP 처리구가 12.1 kg/ha/year, 그리고 HNP 처리구가 16.7 kg/ha/year 이었다. 연간 질산화량의 경우, 리기다소나무 임분은 대조구가 2.8 kg/ha/year, LNP 처리구가 7.6 kg/ha/year, 그러고 HNP 처리구가 4.3 kg/ha/year 였으며, 낙엽송 임분은 대조구가 4.3 kg/ha/year, LNP 처리구가 14.8 kg/ha/year, 그리고 HNP 처리구가 6.6 kg/ha/year 이었다. 조사기간 동안의 질소무기화량 가운데 질산화량이 차지하는 비율은 리기다소나무의 경우, 대조구가 26%, LNP 처리구가 33%, HNP 처리구가 65%였으며, 낙엽송은 대조구와 LNP 처리구가 >100%, 그리고 HNP 처리구에서 40%를 나타내어 낙엽송 임분에서 질산화가 더 많이 이루어진 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 산림생태계 내 유사한 환경하에서의 질소무기화 정도는 우점종이나 시비 등과 같은 산림시업에 의해서도 달라질 수 있다는 것을 암시하는 것이다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 1996

To investigate the effects of potassium($K_2O$) fertilization levels on the dry matter(DM) yield, nutrition yield, and $K_2O$ efficiency of forages in mixed sward of alfalfa-grasses, a field experiment arranged by randomized complete block design with five treatments(0, 60, 120, 180 and 240kg $K_2O$/ha) was conducted at National Livestock Research Institute in Suwon, September, 1990 to February, 1993. During two years, average DM yields of forage increased as $K_2O$ fertilization level was increased, but no significant difference was found between DM 10,617kg of $K_2O$180kgha and DM 10,845kg of $K_2O$ 240kg/ha. Crude protein and energy productivity of forages increased as $K_2O$ fertilization level was increased, and the increasing degree was highest between $K_2O$ 120kg and 180kg/ha fertilization. With increasing $K_2O$ fertilization, mineral contents tended to increase in K and WCa+Mg equivalent ratios, to decrease in Mg, but not to be regular in the other elements. Efficiency of $K_2O$ was relatively high at $K_2O$ 180kgha fertilization, which produced DM 12.2kg, net energy lactation 67.3M.J, starch equivalent 6.2kStE and total digestible nutrients 7.6kg per Ikg $K_2O$. Therefore, potassium($K_2O$) fertilization levels must be applied with I8Okg/ha for a reasonable management in mixed sward of alfalfa-grasses.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 1995

Objective: To investigate the effects of sperm morphology and their co-incubation with oocytes on the outcome of IVF and ICSI. Design: Strict morphology of washed sperm was assessed by Diff-Quick staining method before or after insemination. And the relationships between strict morphology and outcome (fertilization, embryo development and pregnancy) of IVF(with co-incubation) and ICSI (without co-incubation) were determined. Patients: Two-hundreds-and-sixty-three cycles of IVF and ninety-six cycles of ICSI were analyzed in order to clarify the influence of strict sperm morphology of spermatozoa on outcome of IVF and ICSI. These were divided into four groups. according to fertilization method and sperm morphology(Group 1: IVF, ${\geq}$12%, n:227; Group 2: IVF, <12%, n:36; Group 3: ICSI, ${\geq}$ 12%, n=48; Group 4: ICSI, <12%, n=48). Results: The fertilization rates of better morphology groups were higher than those of poor groups: Group 1(68.1%) > Group 2(62.1%), Group 3(78.1%) > Group 4(71.5%). There was no difference in embryo cleavage rates among four groups (>90%), Regarded with the good embryo rates, Group 1(56.8%) was significantly higher than Group 2(42.3%)(P<0.01), but there was no difference between Group 3(64.7%) and Group 4(61.2%). The pregnancy rates were also higher in better morphology groups as well as fertilization rates: Group 1(34.8%)> Group 2(16.7%)(p<0.05), Group 3(40.0%) > Group 4(23.0%)(p=0.08). Conclusion: Co-incubation with poor morphology sperm might adversely affect the quality of embryos. And strict sperm morphology may represent the ability to establish successful pregnancy. In short, the strict sperm morphology can be a good predictor of IVF and ICSI outcome.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2017

We conducted this study to determine the recommended application rate of fertilizer for Houttuynia cordata Thunb cultivation. The effects of various application levels of N, $P_2O_5$, and $K_2O$ fertilizers on the growth of this plant were investigated and the associated changes in soil properties were evaluated in the field. Soil pH at harvest time of Houttuynia cordata Thunb did not differ from that before fertilization, whereas EC tended to decrease during cultivation. The soil organic matter (SOM) and available phosphorus increased after treatment, and the amount of applied fertilizer ($P_2O_5$) and available phosphorus were proportional. The nitrogen absorption amount increased in N 100% treatment, but decreased in N 150% treatment. The phosphorus absorption amount rose with the fertilizer treatment concentration until $P_2O_5$ 150% treatment. The amount of absorbed potassium decreased in treatments with $K_2O$ 150% and $K_2O$ 200%. The plant length was the longest in N 100%, $P_2O_5$ 150%, and $K_2O$ 200%. The stem diameter was estimated to be 3.46 - 3.67 mm in N 100 - 200% treatment, 3.55 - 3.67 mm in $P_2O_5$ 100 - 150%, and 3.79 mm in $K_2O$ 200%. The number of tillers did not differ amongst fertilization treatments. The fresh weight was summed to be 3.67 ton/10 a in N 100% treatment, 3.79 Mg/10 a in $P_2O_5$ 150%, and 3.83 Mg/10 a in $K_2O$ 150%. Thus, the relationship between the fertilizer amount and yields of the plant showed that the most economical quantity of fertilizers should be 10.2 N kg/10 a, 5.5 $P_2O_5$ kg/10 a, and 8.2 $K_2O$ kg/10 a for Houttuynia Cordata Thunb.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2005

연구목적: 정자의 첨체상태는 수정능과 상관관계가 있다. 본 연구는 사람 정자의 동결보존 시 Fertilization promoting peptide (FPP) 처리가 첨체 유지에 효과가 있는지를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 사람 정자는 정액검사를 의뢰한 시료를 사용하였으며, 적정농도를 조사하기 위하여 25, 50, 100 nM FPP를 신선정자에 처리한 뒤 시간별로 첨체의 변화를 조사하였다. 또한 적정화된 50 nM FPP를 정자의 동결-융해 시에 처리한 뒤 첨체 변화를 조사하였다. 첨체 변화는 FITC - pisum sativum lectin (PSA) 염색방법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 결 과: FPP 농도 변화와 처리시간에 따른 사람 정자의 첨체 변화를 조사하였던 바, 50 nM FPP 처리군에서 대조군보다 높은 온전한 첨체비율을 얻을 수 있었다. 정자의 동결-융해 시, 동결액과 융해액에 50 nM FPP 첨가가 온전한 첨체를 유지하는 비율을 조사하였던 바, 신선 정자의 결과보다는 유의하게 낮지만 무 처리군보다 유의적으로 높은 온전한 첨체를 얻을 수 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 동결액에만 또는 융해액에만 50 nM FPP 처리를 하더라도 무 처리군보다 유의하게 높은 온전한 첨체 비율을 획득할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다 (p<0.001). 결 론: 사람 정자의 동결보존 시 50 nM FPP 첨가는 자발적으로 발생하는 첨체반응을 억제하고, 온전한 첨체를 유지할 수 있어 수정능 보유에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.652-658
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• 2013

A huge number of greenhouse soils in Korea have accumulated mineral elements which induce many nutritional and pathological problems. The present study was performed to the effects of the reduced fertilization on plant growth, and uptake and partitioning of minerals (N, P, K) and soluble carbohydrates using highly minerals-accumulated farmer's greenhouse soil. On the basis of the recommended application for tomato crop, the application rates of N, P and K were 110(50%)-5.2(5%)-41.5(35%)kg $ha^{-1}$, respectively, using Hoagland's nutrient solution. Tomato growth rates during the whole experiment were not significant between treatments, but it was found that a decrease in daily growth represented after 60 days of treatment (DAT). The reduced application led to a drastic decrease in the concentration of N, P and K in fruits, and, thus, this resulted in lower uptake after 40 DAT. The lower phloem export and utilization of soluble carbohydrates caused an accumulation of extra-carbohydrates in leaves, stems and fruits in the reduced application. The reduced fertilization induced the capture of N, P and K in leaves and of soluble carbohydrates in stems compared to the conventional application. In this study, we suggest that it is possible to delay the first fertigation time in minerals-accumulated soils without an adverse impact on crop growth, but it is necessary to regularly monitor mineral status in soil to ensure a balanced uptake, synthesis and partitioning of minerals and carbohydrates.