• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2017

PURPOSE. This study was designed to evaluate the teeth and dental implants during dental maintenance therapy over 3 years in different conditions after periodontal and dental prosthetic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 166 patients received maintenance therapy. 59 patients were treated with 2% minocycline-HCl ointment as local drug delivery (LDD) (L group) and 107 patients were treated without LDD (NL group). Clinical data was collected in maintenance period for evaluation. Patients were classified into groups depending on the application of LDD with maintenance therapy, the type of dental treatment before maintenance period (Pre-Tx), the frequency (F-MT), and regularity (R-MT) of maintenance therapy. RESULTS. The numbers of lost teeth (N-teeth, P=.003) and newly placed dental implants (N-implants, P=.022) are significantly different according to Pre-Tx. F-MT among patients who received surgical dental treatment before maintenance period showed statistical differences in N-teeth (P=.041), but not in N-implants (P=.564). All of the patients in L group showed high F-MT (F-MT1). In NL group, there were no statistical differences in N-teeth or N-implants according to F-MT or R-MT. In F-MT1 group, application of LDD made N-teeth significantly different from both Pre-Tx groups while no significant difference could be found in N-implant. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were selected for statistical analysis. CONCLUSION. The regular maintenance therapy and LDD can be effective for teeth during maintenance period. It is not only pharmacological efficacy in decreasing bacterial species that makes LDD a useful adjunct. Application of LDD also motivates patients to take adequate check-ups in the aspects of both frequency and regularity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.536-542
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• 2007

The responses of whole body protein and glucose kinetics and of nitrogen (N) metabolism to non-protein energy intake (NPEI) were determined using an isotope dilution approach and measurement of N balance in three adult male goats. The diets containing 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 times ME maintenance requirement, with fixed intake of CP (1.5 times maintenance) and percentage of hay (33%), were fed twice daily for each 21 d experimental period. After an adaptation period of 11 d, N balance was determined over 3 d. On day 17, whole body protein synthesis (WBPS) and glucose irreversible loss rate (ILR) were determined during the absorptive state by a primed-continuous infusion of [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine, [$^2H_2$]tyrosine, [$^2H_4$]tyrosine and [$^{13}C_6$]glucose, with simultaneous measurements of plasma concentrations of metabolites and insulin. Ruminal characteristics were also measured at 6 h after feeding over 3 d. Nitrogen retention tended to increase (p<0.10) with increasing NPEI, although digestible N decreased linearly (p<0.05). Increasing NPEI decreased (p<0.01) ammonia N concentration, but increased acetate (p<0.05) and propionate (p<0.05) concentrations in the rumen. Despite decreased plasma urea N concentration (p<0.01), increased plasma tyrosine concentration (p<0.05), and trends toward increased plasma total amino N (p<0.10) and phenylalanine concentrations (p<0.10) were found in response to increasing NPEI. Increasing NPEI increased ILR of both glucose (p<0.01) and phenylalanine (p<0.05), but did not affect ($p{\geq}0.10$) that of tyrosine. Whole body protein synthesis increased (p<0.05) in response to increasing NPEI, resulting from increased utilization rate for protein synthesis (p<0.05) and unchanged hydroxylation rate of phenylalanine ($p{\geq}0.10$). These results suggest that increasing NPEI may enhance WBPS and glucose turnover at the absorptive state and improve the efficiency of digestible N retention in goats, with possibly decreased ammonia and increased amino acid absorption. In addition, simultaneous increases in WBPS and glucose ILR suggest stimulatory effect of glucose availability on WBPS, especially when sufficient amino acid is supplied.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2017

Objective: The effects of aging and freezing/thawing sequence on color, physicochemical, and enzymatic characteristics of two beef muscles (Mm. gluteus medius, GM and biceps femoris, BF) were evaluated. Methods: Beef muscles at 3 d postmortem were assigned to four different combinations of aging and freezing/thawing sequence as follows; aging at $2^{\circ}C$ for 3 wk (A3, never-frozen control), freezing at $-28^{\circ}C$ for 2 wk then thawing (F2, frozen/thawed-only), aging at $2^{\circ}C$ for 3 wk, freezing at $-28^{\circ}C$ for 2 wk then thawing (A3F2), and freezing at $-28^{\circ}C$ for 2 wk, thawing then further aging at $2^{\circ}C$ for 3 wk (F2A3). Results: No significant interactions between different aging/freezing/thawing treatments and muscle type on all measurements were found. Postmortem aging, regardless of aging/freezing/thawing sequence, had no impact on color stability of frozen/thawed beef muscles (p<0.05). F2A3 resulted in higher purge loss than F2 and A3F2 treatments (p<0.05). A3F2 and F2A3 treatments resulted in lower shear force of beef muscles compared to F2 (p<0.05). Although there was no significant difference in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, F2A3 had the highest ${\beta}-N-acetyl$ glucominidase (BNAG) activity in purge, but the lowest BNAG activity in muscle (p<0.05). GM muscle exhibited higher total color changes and purge loss, and lower GSH-Px activity than BF muscle. Conclusion: The results from this present study indicate that different combinations of aging/freezing/thawing sequence would result in considerable impacts on meat quality attributes, particularly thaw/purge loss and tenderness. Developing a novel freezing strategy combined with postmortem aging will be beneficial for the food/meat industry to maximize its positive impacts on tenderness, while minimizing thaw/purge loss of frozen/thawed meat.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2021

소형 레이더 센서에 적용할 목적으로 W-대역의 핵심부품인 전력증폭 MMIC 칩 및 스위치 및 저잡음 증폭 MMIC 통합 칩을 국내설계하고 각각 OMMIC사의 60nm GaN 공정과 Winsemi.사의 0.1㎛ GaAs pHEMT 공정으로 제작하고 이를 모듈화하였다. 국내개발 MMIC 중에서 W-대역 전력증폭 MMIC는 송신모듈로 제작후 출력 값 27.7 dBm로 측정되었고, 스위치와 저잡음증폭 통합 MMIC는 수신모듈로 제작후 잡음지수는 9.17 dB로 분석 결과와 근사한 측정 결과를 보였다. 또한 온도 시험을 통해서 그 결과를 분석하였는데 송신모듈은 고온에서 상온과 출력에서 1.6 dB 편차를 보였고 수신모듈은 고온과 저온 모두 포함하여 2.7 dB의 편차를 보였으나 상온과 비교하여서는 1.4 dB 상승하였다. 온도시험까지를 포함하는 결과를 확인한 바와 같이 소형 레이더 센서의 송수신기에 W-대역 국내 개발 MMIC 칩을 적용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2001

초고속 디지털 광통신용 $1.55{\mu}m$ InGaAsP/InGaAsP MQW 광흡수 변조기에서 각종 구조변수들이 광흡수변조기 성능에 미치는 영향을 체계적으로 조사분석하였다. 일반적으로 행하여지는 양자우물 수 $N_w$, 양자우물 두께 $t_w$, detuning 양 $\Delta\lambda$, 소자길이 L과 같은 구조 파라미터들에 더불어 본 연구에서 새롭게 제안한 SCH 영역내에 n형으로 도핑된 길이 $t_n$가 소자 성능에 미치는 영향을 해석하였다 이를 통해 소자길이 L=$100{\mu}m$의 광흡수변조기에서 구동 전압 $V_{\alpha}$=0~-2V 영역에서 동작하고 기초흡수 -1.5dB 이하, -1V에서 -2.92dB 및 -2V에서 -10.0dB 이상의 소광비를 주는 우수한 성능을 갖는 초고속 광흡수 변조기 설계가 가능하였다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2006

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the effects of the Hominis placenta extracts on skin barrier. Methods : Male hairless mice, average weight 20g, were divided into two groups, intact and treatment group(paired, n=15). Intact group was not applied YB-301(an ointment including Hominis placenta). Treatment group was applied YB-301(an ointment including Hominis placenta) two times a day for 8 days. We observed skin melanin, skin erythema, skin pH, skin humidity, transepidermal water loss. Statistical analysis was performed by using paired sample T-test. Statistical significance was achieved if the probability was less than 5%(p<0.05) or 1%(p <0.01) Results : 1. YB-301(an ointment including Hominis placenta) showed statistically significant effect on skin melamin, skin pH, skin humidity(p<0.05). 2. YB-301(an ointment including Hominis placenta) showed statistically significant inhibitory effect on transepidermal water loss(p<0.01). 3. YB-301(an ointment including Hominis placenta) showed statistically no significant effect on skin erythema(p<0.05). conclusions : YB-301(an ointment including Hominis placenta) was effective m skin melanin, skin pH, skin humidity, transepidermal water loss in our study, so we suggest that Hominis placenta can be used as a ointment ingredient for strengthening the function of skin barrier.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.402-411
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• 2023

Background: We hypothesized that fatty liver disease (FLD) is associated with a high prevalence of hearing loss (HL) owing to metabolic disturbances. This study aimed to evaluate the association between FLD and HL in a large sample of the Korean population. Methods: We used a dataset of adults who underwent routine voluntary health checkups (n=21,316). Fatty liver index (FLI) was calculated using Bedogni's equation. The patients were divided into two groups: the non-FLD (NFLD) group (n=18,518, FLI <60) and the FLD group (n=2,798, FLI ≥60). Hearing thresholds were measured using an automatic audiometer. The average hearing threshold (AHT) was calculated as the pure-tone average at four frequencies (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kHz). HL was defined as an AHT of >40 dB. Results: HL was observed in 1,370 (7.4%) and 238 patients (8.5%) in the NFLD and FLD groups, respectively (p=0.041). Compared with the NFLD group, the odds ratio for HL in the FLD group was 1.16 (p=0.040) and 1.46 (p<0.001) in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, respectively. Linear regression analyses revealed that FLI was positively associated with AHT in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Analyses using a propensity score-matched cohort showed trends similar to those using the total cohort. Conclusion: FLD and FLI were associated with poor hearing thresholds and HL. Therefore, active monitoring of hearing impairment in patients with FLD may be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of HL in the general population.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.530-539
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 4종의 복합레진(Palpique Estelite, Filtek P 60, Spectrum, Charisma)을 선택하였다. 각 제품당 5개의 시편을 제작하여 무게 측정을 한 후, NaOH 용액에 2주 동안 보관하였고 1.23% HCl로 중화하고 세척, 건조시켜 무게 측정을 하였다. 주사전자현미경과 공초점 레이저 주사현미경으로 복합레진의 분해층 표면과 분해깊이를 관찰하였고, 분해 저항성은 용액내로 용출된 Si, Al, Ba의 농도를 근거로 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 각 제품의 무게손실량은 Palpique Estelite가 가장 많았고, Filtek P 60, Charisma, Spectrum 순이었다. 2. 각 제품의 표면하 분해층 깊이는 Filtek P 60이 가장 깊었고, Charisma, Palpique Estelite, Spectrum 순이었다. 3. Si 용출량은 Charisma가 가장 많았고, Spectrum, Palpique Estelite, Filtek P 60 순이었다. 4. 무게손실과 분해층 깊이 사이에는 높은 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.704, p<0.05). 5. 주사전자현미경 관찰시 NaOH용액에 보관한 후 레진 기질과 충전제 사이의 결합의 파괴 양상인 분해층 표면을 관찰할 수 있었고 공초점 레이저 현미경 관찰시 레진의 분해층 깊이를 관찰할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.392-399
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• 2020

Background: Surgical treatment of empyema thoracis in patients with chronic kidney disease is challenging, and few studies in the literature have evaluated this issue. In this study, we aim to report the surgical outcomes of empyema and to analyze factors predicting perioperative mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: This retrospective study included data from 34 patients with chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 ㎡ for 3 or more months) who underwent surgery for empyema between 2012 and 2020. An analysis of demographic characteristics and perioperative variables, including complications, was carried out. Postoperative mortality was the primary outcome measure. Results: Patients' age ranged from 20 to 74 years with a 29-to-5 male-female ratio. The majority (n=19, 55.9%) of patients were in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring maintenance hemodialysis. The mean operative time was 304 minutes and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 562 mL. Postoperative morbidity was observed in 70.5% of patients (n=24). In the subgroup analysis, higher values for operative time, blood loss, intensive care unit stay, and complications were found in ESRD patients. The mortality rate was 38.2% (n=13). In the univariate and multivariate analyses, poor performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group >2) (p=0.03), ESRD (p=0.02), and late referral (>8 weeks) (p<0.001) significantly affected mortality. Conclusion: ESRD, late referral, and poor functional status were poor prognostic factors predicting postoperative mortality. The decision of surgery should be cautiously assessed given the very high risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality in these patients.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2015

PURPOSE. This in-vitro study was designed to evaluate retention forces, microleakage and plastic deformation of a prefabricated 2-implant bar attachment system (SFI-Bar, Cendres+$M{\acute{e}}taux$, Switzerland). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two SFI implant-adapters were torqued with 35 Ncm into two implant analogues. Before the tube bars were finally sealed, the inner cavity of the tube bar was filled with liquid red dye to evaluate microleakage. As tube bar sealing agents three different materials were used (AGC Cem (AGC, resin based), Cervitec Plus (CP; varnish) and Gapseal (GS; silicone based). Four groups with eight specimens each were tested (GS, GS+AGC, AGC, CP). For cyclic loading, the attachment system was assembled parallel to the female counterparts in a chewing simulator. The mean retention forces of the initial and final ten cycles were statistically evaluated (ANOVA, ${\alpha}{\leq}.05$). RESULTS. All groups showed a significant loss of retention forces. Their means differed between 30-39 N initially and 22-28 N after 50,000 loading cycles. No significant statistical differences could be found between the groups at the beginning (P=.224), at the end (P=.257) or between the loss of retention forces (P=.288). Microleakage occurred initially only in some groups but after 10,000 loading cycles all groups exhibited microleakage. CONCLUSION. Long-term retention forces of the SFI-Bar remained above 20 N which can be considered clinically sufficient. The sealing agents in this study are not suitable to prevent microleakage.