• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.284-287
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• 2002

The antifungal activity of super reductive water (SRW) against plant pathogenic fungi was examined to extend its application to integrated pest management (IPM) for plant diseases. Diluted solutions ($\times$1/10, $\times$1/25, and $\times$1/50) of SRW inhibited fungal growth of kiwifruit soft rot pathogen, Diaporthe actinidiae, in a concentration dependent manner, When kiwifruits were inoculated on wounds with mycelium blocks, stock and diluted solutions successfully inhibited the disease development. In addition to the high pH of the SRW, fungistatic activity was also considered as the cause of the antifungal effect against the pathogen. Whereas conidial germination of Magnaporthe grisea was not affected by the diluted SRW solutions, appressorium formation was significantly inhibited in a concentration dependent manner, With little harmfulness to human health and environment SRW could be used to control plant pathogenic fungi, particularly appressorium-forming fungal pathogens.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.178-183
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• 1985

수도품종 농백, 진흥, 낙동, 태백 등 4품종과 도열병균 KJ-101과 KJ-301의 2race를 사용하여 peroxidase 활성증가와 저항성과의 관계를 관찰하였다. peroxidase 활성은 수도유균가 성장할수록 모든 품종에서 증가되는 경향은 있었으나 품종간 차이는 크지 않았다. 도열병균을 접종 후 시간이 경과함에 따라 이병 잎에서는 무접종 건전잎보다 효소활성이 높았고 접종된 균주에 비친화적인 품종보다 발병이 심한 친화적 품종에서 더욱 높았다. 전기영동법에 의한 peroxidase pattern은 이병잎에서는 도열병균의 peroxidase band를 관찰할 수 없었다. 질소시비량을 증가시켰을 지라도 peroxidase 활성은 변함이 없었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 1998

In this research, the removal or uptake of heavy metals such as coppers by using oxalic acid metabolism of wood rot fungi, Tyromyces palustris were endeavored. As results, the addition of oxalic acid to copper containing culture did not cause the mycelium growth, but Tyromyces palustris was able to grow in this culture without inhibition. Tyromyces palustris grew with the cicular halo type in copper containing culture, and this type was formed as collectives after examining by microscope, and considered as copper oxalates by analyzing FT-IR comparison experiment with standards. According to this result, Tyromyces palustris has secreted oxalic acid during incubation, this secreted oxalic acid was combined with coppers, and formed copper oxalates by chelating reactions. In other words, the oxalic acid was might be as non-toxifying agent of coppers in medium. By using this copper removal mechanisms, Tyromyces palustris immobilized sawdust was used in bench scale air lift system for removing coppers. The added coppers were almost removed from the system within 72hrs. Therefore, this nonenzymatic wood degradation mechanism may give a possibility for removing coppers from copper containing waste water.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2006

In this study, morphology of perithecia, asci, ascospores, etc. of C. sphecocephala were examined for its telemorphic characteristics. Its colony grew up to 32 mm in diameter on potato dextrose agar (PDA) for 30 days under the condition of $24{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. PDBLA and PDBAA media were selected as optimal media for C. sphecocephala, on which the growth was 1.5 times as fast as on PDA medium. Moreover, PDBLA medium induced successfully the synnemata of anamorphic state. C. sphecocephala was able to be proliferated in vitro on both larva and adult of honeybee drone as its substrate. After inoculated onto the drone larva, it produced mycelium at $24{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, with the maximum yield up to $67{\pm}3mg$ on the $50^{th}$ day.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
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• pp.172-173
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• 1998

A research collection of Pseudomons solanacearum bacteria, a pathogen causing ‘bacteria wilt’ disease of more than 265 plant species, represented for northern provinces of Vietnam has recently been established and was saved for examination of antifungal activity in their culture fluids. All strains used in this work have been isolated from infected tomato, potato, and groundnut collected from production fields and they express different levels of virulence on their host plants. Cell-free culture fluids of these strains were tested for antifungal activity (to inhibit growth of mycelium and to destroy germination tube of fungal spores) on a number of fungi that either infect or associate with vegetable crops of Solanaceae family (tomato, potato, pepers...), fruit plants (banana), and even well-known by Vietnamese traditional medicine herbal plants belonging to Trifoliatus, Schefflera, Homalomena and Panax genera (Araliaceae family) of which roots are used as a resource of the herbal material. The antifungal activity was found in nearly all strains tested. Result of study on chitin, CMC, tween 80 and casein degradation abilities of the latter suggested that antifungal activity of positively-found strains may be due to their ability of extracelluar chitinase's excretion that destroy fungal cell wall.

• Mycobiology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.123-126
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• 2000

Sodium hypochlorite alkaline was tested against Pseudomonas tolaasii causing bacterial blotch on cultivated oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The minimum inhibitory concentration of sodium hypochlorite against P. tolaasii contained active chlorine (AC) at 1.4 mg/l on plate assay. The highest cultivation yield was obtained from the treatment of AC 5.7 mg/l. Treatment of sodium hypochlorite at the rate of higher than AC 11.4 mg/l resulted in reduced yields at the harvest. However, the population of total bacteria on the bed surface treated with AC 5.7 mg/l of sodium hypochlorite was maintained to some extent. Inhibitory concentration against total bacteria on the bed surface was over AC 22.8 mg/l. Mushroom mycelium was damaged and its growth strongly inhibited at the concentration of AC 200 mg/l. Mushroom caps showed yellowish symptom by chemical injury by treatments of AC 74.1 mg/l or higher. Sporocarps infected by P. tolaasii were irrevocable at any concentration of sodium hypochlorite. Routine watering with AC 5.7 mg/l from mushroom initiation to the end of picking resulted in reduced bacterial blotch incidence of 40% and 86% at two mushroom farms. The treatment resulted in higher quality mushroom production compared to that conventionally watered with tap water alone.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2007

This study investigated the effects of mycelia of Lentinus edodes mushroom-cultured Glycyrrihiza radix(LMG) on cancer cell lines and sarcoma 180(S-180), as well as on human mast cells. In an anti-cancer tests using Hep3B(hepatic cancer cell), MCF-7(breast cancer), and HeLa(uterine cancer) cells, LMG extract exhibited greater anti-proliferation effects than Glycyrrihiza glabra(GG) extract. LMG extract multiplication restraining effects were 60% that of ethanol at 3 mg/mL extract also displayed tumor suppressive effects in mice injected with S-180 cells. The growth-inhibition rates against tumor cells were 56% for LMG and 37% for GG. When LMG was added to human mast cells, the Intensity of RT-PCR products using primers($FC{\varepsilon}RI\;c-kit$) decreased. significantly compared with that of control. These results suggest that Lentinus edodes Mushroom-Cultured Glycyrrhiza glabra has an anti-proliferation effects against cancer cell lines(Hep3B, MCF-7 and HeLa) and S-180 tumors and will be also beneficial in treating allergic reactions.

• Mycobiology
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.82-86
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• 2007

Ergone, a fungal metabolite derived from ergosterol, was previously isolated and identified from Polyporus umbellatus. Ergone is a major component of P. umbellatus known to have anti-aldosteronic diuretic effect and also displays cytotoxic activities. Most of mushroom's fruit bodies used for test contained less than 10 ${\mu}g/g$ of ergone. But P. umbellatus have larger amount of ergone than any other mushrooms. In order to improve the ergone production from the submerged culture of P. umbellatus, several factors including medium composition, culture conditions (temperature and pH) and different combinations of co-cultivation with various mycelia were studied. Among various carbon sources examined, starch proved to be most effective for the production of mycelia. The optimum pH and temperature for a flask culture of P. umbellatus mycelia were found to be 4.5 and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. Under the optimized culture conditions, both the ergone production (86.9 ${\mu}g/g$) and mycelial growth (3.5 g/l) increased when P. umbellatus was cultured with Armillariella mellea. When the optimized conditions were applied, both mycelium and ergone production were significantly enhanced.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 1998

Root rot of carnation caused by isolates of Phytophthora was found at Kongju, 1996. Infected plants appeared symptoms of wilting, brown discoloration on collar area and consequently led to death. The causal pathogen was identified as Phytophthora nicotianae based on morphological, cultural and physiological characteristics. Mycelium was grown to rosette colony pattern on corn meal agar and the growth was 10.2 mm/day on 10% clarified V8 medium at $25^{\circ}C$. Swelling with radiating hyphae was formed in water and on agar within 7 days. Chlamydospores were abundantly produced on agar within 7 days. Sporangium was prominent papillate, 2~3 apex, 1.2 : 1 l/b ratio, lateral attacment on sporangiospore and was rarely produced on solid media but produced in water. The shape of sporangium was spherical or ovoid, and the size was 34~73$\times$32~60 (av. 33$\times$66.5) ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in dimension. The isolates were heterothallic, and mating type A2. Oogonium was spherical, ovoid, 26~36 (av. 36 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) in diameter, and antheridium was amphygynious to oogonia. The fungus was able to grow 10~35$^{\circ}C$, and optimal temperature was 27$^{\circ}C$.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 2008

구기자 탄저병 방제를 위한 살균제를 선발하기 위하여 13개의 탄저병 균주는 구기자의 청양재래 품종에 대해서 숙과와 미숙과 모두에서 상처 접종 시 병원성이 강하게 나타났다. 또한 15종 살균제의 균사생육 억제 효과를 실내 검정하여 탄저병균에 대한 균사 생장 억제 효과가 우수한 dithianon WG, tebuconazole SC, tebuconazole WG, trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole SC, azoxystrobin SC 및 polyoxin D zinc salt+carbendazim WP 등 6종의 살균제를 선발하였다. 선발한 살균제들의 포장에서 병 방제 효과를 조사한 결과 dithianon WG, tebuconazole WG, trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole SC, tebuconazole SC 및 azoxystrobin SC 등 5종의 살균제가 높은 방제효과를 나타냈다.