• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.71-77
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• 2019

This paper defines a multi-selection knapsack problem and presents an algorithm for seeking its optimal solution. Multi-selection means that all members of the particular group be selected or excluded. Our branch-and-bound algorithm introduces a simplex containing the feasible region of the original problem to exploit the fact that the most tightly underestimating function on the simplex is linear. In bounding operation, the subproblem defined over the candidate simplex is minimized. During the branching process the candidate simplex is splitted into two one-less dimensional subsimplices by being projected onto two hyperplanes. The approach of this paper can be applied to solving the global minimization problems under various types of the knapsack constraints.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.30 no.3_4
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• pp.477-488
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• 2012

The convergence rate of a numerical procedure based on Schwarz Alternating Method(SAM) for solving elliptic boundary value problems depends on the selection of the interface conditions applied on the interior boundaries of the overlapping subdomains. It has been observed that the mixed interface condition, controlled by a parameter, can optimize SAM's convergence rate. In [8], one introduced the two-layer multi-parameterized SAM and determined the optimal values of the multi-parameters to produce the best convergence rate for one-dimensional elliptic boundary value problems. In this paper, we present a method which utilizes the one-dimensional result to get the optimal convergence rate for the two-dimensional problem.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.1_2
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• pp.161-171
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• 2011

The convergence rate of a numerical procedure based on Schwarz Alternating Method(SAM) for solving elliptic boundary value problems depends on the selection of the interface conditions applied on the interior boundaries of the overlapping subdomains. It has been observed that the Robin condition (mixed interface condition), controlled by a parameter, can optimize SAM's convergence rate. In [7], one had formulated the multi-parameterized SAM and determined the optimal values of the multi-parameters to produce the best convergence rate for one-dimensional elliptic boundary value problems. However it was not successful for two-dimensional problem. In this paper, we present a new method which utilizes the one-dimensional result to get the optimal convergence rate for the two-dimensional problem.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.101-124
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• 2002

The convergence rate of a numerical procedure barred on Schwarz Alternating Method (SAM) for solving elliptic boundary value problems (BVP's) depends on the selection of the interface conditions applied on the interior boundaries of the overlapping subdomains. It hee been observed that the Robin condition(mixed interface condition), controlled by a parameter, can optimize SAM's convergence rate. Since the convergence rate is very sensitive to the parameter, Tang[17] suggested another interface condition called over-determined interface condition. Based on the over-determined interface condition, we formulate the two-layer multi-parameterized SAM. For the SAM and the one-dimensional elliptic model BVP's, we determine analytically the optimal values of the parameters. For the two-dimensional elliptic BVP's , we also formulate the two-layer multi-parameterized SAM and suggest a choice of multi-parameter to produce good convergence rate .

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.560-563
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• 2009

A new spray chrysanthemum(Dendranthema grandiflorum) cultivar, "Golden Eye" was developed from a cross between "Rosa" and "Angaesoguk" by selection of seedlings and lines at the Flower Research Institute, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services(ARES) from 2004 to 2008. Its characteristics were investigated three times from 2006 to 2008 under condition of forcing culture in spring and retarding culture in autumn. The natural flowering time of "Golden Eye" was October 23th, and year-round production was possible by day length treatment. This cultivar was yellow in color, single in flower type for the spray type cut flower. Its capitulum was 2.4cm in diameter, and had 23.2 head per stem in autumn. Its ray floret was green central zone. The days to flowering under the short day treatment is about 49 days in spring season, and "Golden Eye" showed the vase life of 25.7 days in autumn. This cultivar was registered for a commercialization in 2008.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4983-4988
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• 2013

Objectives: To establish a taxol-resistant cell line of human ovarian carcinoma (A2780/Taxol) and investigate its biological features. Methods: The drug-resistant cell line (A2780/Taxol) was established by continuous stepwise selection with increasing concentrations of Taxol. Cell morphology was assessed by microscopy and growth curves were generated with in vitro and in vivo tumor xenograft models. With rhodamine123 (Rh123) assays, cell cycle distribution and the apoptotic rate were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Drug resistance-related and signal associated proteins, including P-gp, MRPs, caveolin-1, PKC-${\alpha}$, Akt, ERK1/2, were detected by Western blotting. Results: A2780/Taxol cells were established with stable resistance to taxol. The drug resistance index (RI) was 430.7. Cross-resistance to other drugs was also shown, but there was no significant change to radioresistance. Compared with parental cells, A2780/Taxol cells were significantly heteromorphous, with a significant delay in population doubling time and reduced uptake of Rh123 (p<0.01). In vivo, tumor take by A2780 cells was 80%, and tumor volume increased gradually. In contrast, with A2780/Taxol cells in xenograft models there was no tumor development. FCM analysis revealed that A2780/Taxol cells had a higher percentage of G0/G1 and lower S phase, but no changes of G2 phase and the apoptosis rate. Expression of P-gp, MRP1, MRP2, BCRP, LRP, caveolin-1, PKC-${\alpha}$, Phospho-ERK1/2 and Phospho-JNK protein was significantly up-regulated, while Akt and p38 MARK protein expression was not changed in A2780/Taxol cells. Conclusion: The A2780/Taxol cell line is an ideal model to investigate the mechanism of muti-drug resistance related to overexpression of drug-resistance associated proteins and activation of the PKC-${\alpha}/ERK$ (JNK) signaling pathway.